1.0 The Body > 1.3 Mouth and Throat > 1.3.5 Throat/Pharynx

#494 PTB *ka THROAT / NECK

In line with the frequently noted tendency of words meaning NECK / THROAT to have velar initials, we have reconstructed no fewer than eleven etyma with initial velars or velar clusters: #389 PTB *s/r‑gwa‑n NECK / NAPE, #481 PTB *s/m‑key‑k NECK, #486 PTB *l‑kwak THROAT / NECK, #488 PTB *k‑(r/l)aw THROAT / PALATE, #489 PTB *k/s‑raw(k/ŋ)*k‑rwa(k/ŋ) THROAT, #491 PTB *grey‑k THROAT, #493 PTB *kak THROAT, #494 PTB *ka THROAT / NECK, #495 PTB *kwa THROAT / NECK, #3361 PTB *gwaŋ NECK / THROAT, and #5651 PTB *ku NECK / THROAT.

It is highly likely that some of these etyma are allofams of each other. It is equally likely that a given supporting form may have been assigned to the wrong etymon. However, on the basis of the available data, this may be the best that can be done at this point.

rnanalysislgidreflexglossgfnlanguagegrpidgrpnogrpgeneticcitationsrcabbrsrcidrn
118780494,822,m503haː◦dang-ranapeDarang [Taraon]61.1.2Deng1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
39699494,822,484505kʰɑ³¹ diɯŋ⁵³ ɹɑ⁵⁵neckDarang [Taraon]61.1.2Deng1Sun H 80 MLDSLZO-MLD0
341356489,4941800thrõ-ka:neck (front of, i.e. throat)Darang [Taraon]61.1.2Deng1Anonymous xx TarNEFA-Taraon0
118677489,494503thrõ-kaːthroat / gullet / esophagusDarang [Taraon]61.1.2Deng1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
118726488,494,1725871rao ka riwindpipe / tracheaLakher [Mara]711.2.3Maraic1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
164271489,494566hɔʔ⁴kʻɑ¹throatGanan401.7.3.2Asakian1Luce 85GHL-PPBL.1450
127625494436khaneckChantyal232.1.4Tamangish1Noonan 92NPB-ChanQ4.10
117771494,1725602khāq◦rithroatGurung (Ghachok)232.1.4Tamangish1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety 1
118658494,1725602khāq◦rithroat / gullet / esophagusGurung (Ghachok)232.1.4Tamangish1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
64694494,1725604kʰaq◦rithroatGurung (Ghachok)232.1.4Tamangish1Glover 72 GuVoSIL-Gur2.A.270
64695494,5650604kʰaq◦rineckGurung (Ghachok)232.1.4Tamangish1Glover 72 GuVoSIL-Gur2.A.280
79781494,5650999ka¹ rᴇ¹neckManang (Gyaru)232.1.4Tamangish1Nagano 84 ManYN-Man0250
20622494,56501002³kʰaː◦rneckManang (Prakaa)232.1.4Tamangish1Hoshi 84HM-Prak00180
126194494,56501455¹kʰaː◦renecknTamang (Risiangku)232.1.4Tamangish1Mazaudon 91 TamQMM-TamRisQ4.10
1177744941527khāneckThakali (Tukche)232.1.4Tamangish1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
680124941531kʰaneckThakali (Tukche)232.1.4Tamangish1Hari 71a ThVoSIL-Thak1.500
117790494,4841169gaː◦pwa(t)neckNewar272.2Newar1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
12782494,5650766'kha◦rimnapeKham282.4Kham-Magar-Chepang1Watters 89 KhQDNW-KhamQ0
117777494,5650763'khā◦rimneckKham282.4Kham-Magar-Chepang1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
118667494,5650763'khā◦rimthroat / gullet / esophagusKham282.4Kham-Magar-Chepang1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
66851494,5650766'kʰa◦rimnapeKham282.4Kham-Magar-Chepang1Watters 89 KhQDNW-KhamQ0
1177801002,822,494994mi-Dung◦gāneckMagar282.4Kham-Magar-Chepang1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
9343479,494,418878lu⁵⁵ ka²¹ tsɿ³³neckLalo466.1.2.1Northern Loloish1Chen 86 YiCK-YiQ4.10
42641m,3361,4941217mi³¹ kʰũ⁵⁵ kʰɑ³¹throatNusu (Central)466.1.2.1Northern Loloish1Sun J 86 NusuJZ-Nusu0
192680m,3361,4941215mi³¹khũ⁵⁵khɑ³¹throatNusu (Bijiang)466.1.2.1Northern Loloish1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC249.450
43791479,494,m1665lu⁵⁵ ka²¹ tsɿ³³neckYi (Nanjian)466.1.2.1Northern Loloish1Chen 85 YiJZJZ-Yi0
192618479,494,m1666lu⁵⁵ka²¹tsɿ³³neckYi (Nanjian)466.1.2.1Northern Loloish1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC248.230
349597479,494,m1833lu⁵⁵ka²¹tsɿ³³necknYi (Weishan)466.1.2.1Northern Loloish1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0089.360

^ 1.
The glottal final in Gurung khāq suggests that #494 PTB *ka THROAT / NECK might stand in an allofamic relationship to #493 PTB *kak THROAT.