1.0 The Body > 1.3 Mouth and Throat > 1.3.5 Throat/Pharynx

#488 PTB *k-(r/l)aw THROAT / PALATE

In line with the frequently noted tendency of words meaning NECK / THROAT to have velar initials, we have reconstructed no fewer than eleven etyma with initial velars or velar clusters: #389 PTB *s/r‑gwa‑n NECK / NAPE, #481 PTB *s/m‑key‑k NECK, #486 PTB *l‑kwak THROAT / NECK, #488 PTB *k‑(r/l)aw THROAT / PALATE, #489 PTB *k/s‑raw(k/ŋ)*k‑rwa(k/ŋ) THROAT, #491 PTB *grey‑k THROAT, #493 PTB *kak THROAT, #494 PTB *ka THROAT / NECK, #495 PTB *kwa THROAT / NECK, #3361 PTB *gwaŋ NECK / THROAT, and #5651 PTB *ku NECK / THROAT.

It is highly likely that some of these etyma are allofams of each other. It is equally likely that a given supporting form may have been assigned to the wrong etymon. However, on the basis of the available data, this may be the best that can be done at this point.

Darang has an apparent doublet kʰɑ³¹ lo⁵³ ‘palate’ and ɕɯ³¹tɯ³¹gɹu⁵³ ‘throat’.

rnanalysislgidreflexglossgfnlanguagegrpidgrpnogrpgeneticcitationsrcabbrsrcidrn
1600583361,3361,488285gjui-g(j)u-rothroatApatani731.1.1.1Western Tani1Sun J 93 TaniJS-Tani0
1600613361,3361,488286grui grju-rothroatApatani731.1.1.1Western Tani1Sun J 93 TaniJS-Tani0
1744903361,3361,488287grui-grju-rothroatApatani731.1.1.1Western Tani1Sun J 93 HCSTJS-HCST0
39691273,488505kʰɑ³¹ lo⁵³palate (shang'e)Darang [Taraon]61.1.2Deng1Sun H 80 MLDSLZO-MLD0
352255m,822,4881818ɕɯ³¹tɯ³¹gɹu⁵³throatnDarang [Taraon]61.1.2Deng1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0141.220
192682m,822,488509ɕɯ³¹tɯ³¹gɹu⁵³throatDarang [Taraon]61.1.2Deng1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC249.490
39700m,822,488505ɕɯ⁵³ tɯ³¹ gɹo⁵³throatDarang [Taraon]61.1.2Deng1Sun H 80 MLDSLZO-MLD0
39864p,488590o⁵⁵ lo⁵⁵palate (shang'e)Kaman [Miju]61.1.2Deng1Sun H 80 MLDSLZO-MLD0
117799488871raoneck, throatLakher [Mara]711.2.3Maraic1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
118681488871raoneck; throatLakher [Mara]711.2.3Maraic1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
118217488,163,s871rao byu-pagoitreLakher [Mara]711.2.3Maraic1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
118726488,494,1725871rao ka riwindpipe / tracheaLakher [Mara]711.2.3Maraic1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
118226488,1852,s871rao pua-pagoiterLakher [Mara]711.2.3Maraic1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety2560
118751488,501,s,m,s871rao ti-pa dy-paAdam's apple; tracheaLakher [Mara]711.2.3Maraic1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
118727488,501,s,m,s871rao tì-pa dy-pawindpipe / tracheaLakher [Mara]711.2.3Maraic1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
3328488870³roneckLakher [Mara]711.2.3Maraic1Weidert 87 TBToAW-TBT1800
161990488,m1052ʀo⁵hmi¹neckMera711.2.3Maraic1Luce 85GHL-PPBN.440
1714213369,488963ying◦khirothroatLotha Naga631.3.1Central Naga (Ao Group)1Marrison 67 NagaGEM-CNL0
167248p,488,496256(u) ru¹¹ ki⁵⁵windpipe / tracheaAngami (Kohima)651.3.2Angami-Pochuri Group1Nienu 90 AngQVN-AngQ4.2.10
167246p,m,488256(u) vo³³ ru³¹adam's apple / larynxAngami (Kohima)651.3.2Angami-Pochuri Group1Nienu 90 AngQVN-AngQ4.1.40
167450p,488,3411487(u) ru¹¹ che³⁵windpipe / tracheaChokri651.3.2Angami-Pochuri Group1Nienu 90 ChoQVN-ChkQ4.2.10
167448p,m,488487(u) vo³³ ro³¹adam's apple / larynxChokri651.3.2Angami-Pochuri Group1Nienu 90 ChoQVN-ChkQ4.1.40
166309488750keghoneckKhezha651.3.2Angami-Pochuri Group1Marrison 67 NagaGEM-CNL0
1186914881123krothroat / gullet / esophagusMru151.6Mru1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
477511719,488880tha◦lopalateLalung [Tiwa]801.7.1.1Bodo1Balawan 65MB-Lal720
570827p,488668džə◦khrōwindpipe / throat / gullet / esophagusJingpho371.7.3.1Jingpho1Dai 83 JingDQ-Jingpho3290
118647p,488671jə◦hkrāwthroat / gullet / esophagusJingpho371.7.3.1Jingpho1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
164270p,4881354a¹kru⁴throatSak (Bawtala)401.7.3.2Asakian1Luce 85GHL-PPBL.1450
128224490,488378o◦roadam's apple / larynxBunan202.1.1Western Himalayish0Sharma, S.R. 91 BuSBN-BunQ4.1.40
131298p,488,498,m1005taː◦Ru / šâng◦warthroat / gullet / pharynxPattani [Manchati]202.1.1Western Himalayish0Sharma, S.R. 91 MaSTP-ManQ4.20
126432m,488319ʃhe¹³ ru³⁵throat / gullet / pharynxBaima222.1.2Bodic1Sun H 91 BaimSHK-BaimaQ4.20
118720488,4881568kru-kruwindpipe / tracheaTibetan (Written)242.1.2.1Tibetan1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
126172495,4881455³ko◦kʰroAdam's applenTamang (Risiangku)232.1.4Tamangish1Mazaudon 91 TamQMM-TamRisQ4.1.40
79652m,488425ghi◦crothroat / neckChamling762.3.2Southern Kiranti1Winter 85WW-Cham130
144122389,359,488115gon◦du◦ruthroat*Dum-Thu-Kha772.3.3Central Kiranti1Michailovsky 91 KrBM-PK71840
118672389,m,488755'ghwān◦dū◦rūthroat / gullet / esophagusKhaling772.3.3Central Kiranti1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
144124389,m,488754ghwaan◦dü◦rüthroatKhaling772.3.3Central Kiranti1Michailovsky 91 KrBM-PK71840
144123389,359,4881542gun◦diu◦riuthroatThulung302.3.4Western Kiranti1Michailovsky 91 KrBM-PK71840
49552389,359,4881545gun◦diu◦riuthroatThulung302.3.4Western Kiranti1Allen 75NJA-Thulung0
127950488,822452ryo◦dhyoŋʔwindpipe / tracheaChepang (Eastern)282.4Kham-Magar-Chepang1Caughley 90 CheQRC-ChepQ4.2.10
118670m,488994bho̩◦karothroat / gullet / esophagusMagar282.4Kham-Magar-Chepang1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
130071p,273,488616tə◦kʰa kɹopalaterGyalrong (Eastern)783.3.1rGyalrong1Sun H 91 rEQSHK-rGEQ3.7.10
14251488,484698kʰjo⁴⁴ pɛ⁴⁴throatJinuo (Baya/Banai)476.1.2.2Central Loloish1Dai 89 JinADQ-JinA1750
14188479,m,488698lɯ³¹ no⁴⁴ kʰlo⁵⁵napeJinuo (Baya/Banai)476.1.2.2Central Loloish1Dai 89 JinADQ-JinA1160
192700488,484696tɕho³³pɛ⁴⁴throatJinuo476.1.2.2Central Loloish1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC249.340
352277488,4841842tɕho⁴⁴pɛ⁴⁴throatnJinuo476.1.2.2Central Loloish1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0141.440
301875488,484699tɕhu³³pi³³throat, larynxnJinuo (Buyuan)476.1.2.2Central Loloish1Gai 86JZ-Jinuo0
41014488,484700tɕʰo⁴⁴ pɛ⁴⁴throatJinuo (Youle)476.1.2.2Central Loloish1Gai 86JZ-Jinuo0
40967488,484699tɕʰu³³ pi³³throatJinuo (Buyuan)476.1.2.2Central Loloish1Gai 86JZ-Jinuo0
16958479,4881365læ³³ ɣɯ¹¹throatSani [Nyi]476.1.2.2Central Loloish1Ma 89 SanQMXL-SaniQ331.50
352272479,4881836læ³³ɣɯ¹¹throatnYi (Sani)476.1.2.2Central Loloish1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0141.390
192701488317ku²¹|lu⁵⁵throatBai (Jianchuan)518Bai1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC249.360