1.0 The Body > 1.3 Mouth and Throat > 1.3.5 Throat/Pharynx

#489 PTB *k/s-raw(k/ŋ) ⪤ *k-rwa(k/ŋ) THROAT

Reconstructed mesoroots below:

In line with the frequently noted tendency of words meaning NECK / THROAT to have velar initials, we have reconstructed no fewer than eleven etyma with initial velars or velar clusters: #389 PTB *s/r‑gwa‑n NECK / NAPE, #481 PTB *s/m‑key‑k NECK, #486 PTB *l‑kwak THROAT / NECK, #488 PTB *k‑(r/l)aw THROAT / PALATE, #489 PTB *k/s‑raw(k/ŋ)*k‑rwa(k/ŋ) THROAT, #491 PTB *grey‑k THROAT, #493 PTB *kak THROAT, #494 PTB *ka THROAT / NECK, #495 PTB *kwa THROAT / NECK, #3361 PTB *gwaŋ NECK / THROAT, and #5651 PTB *ku NECK / THROAT.

It is highly likely that some of these etyma are allofams of each other. It is equally likely that a given supporting form may have been assigned to the wrong etymon. However, on the basis of the available data, this may be the best that can be done at this point.

rnanalysislgidreflexglossgfnlanguagegrpidgrpnogrpgeneticcitationsrcabbrsrcidrn
341356489,4941800thrõ-ka:neck (front of, i.e. throat)Darang [Taraon]61.1.2Deng1Anonymous xx TarNEFA-Taraon0
118677489,494503thrõ-kaːthroat / gullet / esophagusDarang [Taraon]61.1.2Deng1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
39873489590go³¹ɹoŋ³⁵|throatKaman [Miju]61.1.2Deng1Sun H 80 MLDSLZO-MLD0
48447p,489,499660e◦ro-lõthroatIdu61.1.2Deng1Anonymous 62 IduNEFA-PBI0
35310p,489,5651659e◦rõ◦guAdam's appleIdu61.1.2Deng1Pulu 78JP-Idu0
35309p,489,499659e◦rõ◦lõAdam's appleIdu61.1.2Deng1Pulu 78JP-Idu0
35532p,489,499659e◦rõ◦lõgulletIdu61.1.2Deng1Pulu 78JP-Idu0
35762p,489,499659e◦rõ◦lõthroatIdu61.1.2Deng1Pulu 78JP-Idu0
171435490,489976awr, hrawkthroatLushai [Mizo]701.2.2Central Chin1Marrison 67 NagaGEM-CNL0
118683489978hrokthroat / gullet / esophagusLushai [Mizo]701.2.2Central Chin1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
3137274891779hrokthroatLushai [Mizo]701.2.2Central Chin1Bhaskararao 96 CDBPB-CLDB3640
118752489,m978hrok bawkAdam's appleLushai [Mizo]701.2.2Central Chin1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
118762489,m978hrok-hrawllarynx; windpipeLushai [Mizo]701.2.2Central Chin1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
118218489,1852978hrok-puargoiterLushai [Mizo]701.2.2Central Chin1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
131553p,489805le◦r̥okneck / throatKom Rem721.2.4“Old Kuki”0Toba 91 KRQT-KomRQ40
131556p,489,m805le◦r̥ok intʰiŋswollen lymph nodes (in neck)Kom Rem721.2.4“Old Kuki”0Toba 91 KRQT-KomRQ4.1.20
131559p,489805re◦r̥okthroat / gullet / pharynxKom Rem721.2.4“Old Kuki”0Toba 91 KRQT-KomRQ4.20
1502904891112lrʌ́kthroat / gullet / pharynxMoyon721.2.4“Old Kuki”0Kosha 90DK-Moyon4.20
150289m,4891112rəŋ◦roʔadam's apple / larynxMoyon721.2.4“Old Kuki”0Kosha 90DK-Moyon4.1.40
171416p,489270te◦rokthroatAo (Chungli)631.3.1Central Naga (Ao Group)1Marrison 67 NagaGEM-CNL0
620107p,4892245tə³-ɹuk³throatn.Ao (Chungli)631.3.1Central Naga (Ao Group)1Bruhn 14 SuppCNDWB-CNSD0
7039p,489275³tɯ³rokthroatAo (Chungli)631.3.1Central Naga (Ao Group)1Weidert 87 TBToAW-TBT10410
232604489796kò̵ro̵throat / gullet / pharynxKhezha651.3.2Angami-Pochuri Group1Yabu 94 KhöSY-KhozhaQ4.20
70401002,4891346mái-ruakthroatRongmei / Nruanghmei641.3.3Zeme Group1Weidert 87 TBToAW-TBT10410
1714244891347rokthroatRongmei / Nruanghmei641.3.3Zeme Group1Marrison 67 NagaGEM-CNL0
70381002,4891695³mi⁴ruakthroatZeme641.3.3Zeme Group1Weidert 87 TBToAW-TBT10410
5290154892031rokthroat / larynx / voice*Tangkhulic661.3.4Tangkhulic1Mortensen 12 TkDRM-Tk5830
524867m,4892022ʔa-rɐk-ʃethroatKachai661.3.4Tangkhulic1Mortensen 12 TkDRM-TkBodyParts.1060
146127p,489,m1472ā◦rok◦rawindpipe; pharynx; throat; larynxTangkhul661.3.4Tangkhulic1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety990
171429p,4891471kha◦rokthroatTangkhul661.3.4Tangkhulic1Marrison 67 NagaGEM-CNL0
118753p,4891472kha◦rokAdam's apple / larynx / glottisTangkhul661.3.4Tangkhulic1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
118686p,4891472kha◦rokthroat / gullet / esophagusTangkhul661.3.4Tangkhulic1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
146128p,4891472kha◦rokwindpipe; pharynx; throat; larynxTangkhul661.3.4Tangkhulic1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety990
119890p,489,m,13901472kha◦rok āma◦thinuvula ("throat-liver")Tangkhul661.3.4Tangkhulic1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
3068054891470rokthroatTangkhul661.3.4Tangkhulic1Bhat 69 TNVBhat-TNV990
7037p,p,4891469¹ə¹khə¹rokthroatTangkhul661.3.4Tangkhulic1Weidert 87 TBToAW-TBT10410
620658m,m,4892024ʔɯ-kʰ-ruthroatTusom661.3.4Tangkhulic1Mortensen 12 TkDRM-TkBodyParts.1170
526799m,4892025kʰə-roklarynxUkhrul661.3.4Tangkhulic1Mortensen 12 TkDRM-Tk0
171433489531garangthroatDimasa801.7.1.1Bodo1Marrison 67 NagaGEM-CNL0
5034614891987garõthroat (inside) [see ditõ]Deori/Deuri831.7.1.4Deori1Jacquesson 05 DeuriFJ-LD0
171434627,489669yu◦khrawngthroatJingpho371.7.3.1Jingpho1Marrison 67 NagaGEM-CNL0
164271489,494566hɔʔ⁴kʻɑ¹throatGanan401.7.3.2Asakian1Luce 85GHL-PPBL.1450
118669m,489702bā◦gārokthroat / gullet / esophagusTibetan (Jirel)242.1.2.1Tibetan1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
74740359,489911thɔ◦k'rɔŋwindpipe <throat>Limbu312.3.1Eastern Kiranti1Michailovsky 89 LmBM-Lim0
192689p,489,4891340tə khruŋ khruŋthroatrGyalrong783.3.1rGyalrong1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC249.120
329414489,4891796khrung khrungthroatrGyalrong783.3.1rGyalrong1Nagano 97 GyQGyarong.Nag4.20
329415489,4891796khrung khrungwindpiperGyalrong783.3.1rGyalrong1Nagano 97 GyQGyarong.Nag4.2.10
118680p,4891603ts̥ə◦k³²throat / gullet / esophagusTrung [Dulong]384Nungic1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
118679p,4891603ts̥ʻə◦k³²hɹa⁴²throat / gullet / esophagusTrung [Dulong]384Nungic1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
192706m,489537tɕi³¹xɹɑ̆ʔ⁵⁵throatTrung [Dulong]384Nungic1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC249.460
40039m,489538tɕi³¹ xɹɑ̆ʔ⁵⁵throatTrung [Dulong] (Dulonghe)384Nungic1Sun H 82 DulJZ-Dulong0
40239m,489540tɯ³¹ xɹɑ̆ʔ⁵⁵throatTrung [Dulong] (Nujiang)384Nungic1Sun H 82 DulJZ-Dulong0
35163489113khroŋthroat*Burmese446.1.1Burmish1Okell 71JO-PB0
38420489,3363204khʐɔŋ³¹ tʂo³⁵throatAchang (Longchuan)446.1.1Burmish1Dai 85 AcJZJZ-Achang0
352261489,33631824khʐɔŋ³¹tʂo³⁵throatnAchang (Longchuan)446.1.1Burmish1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0141.280
192678489,3363200khʐɔŋ³¹tʂo³⁵throatAchang (Longchuan)446.1.1Burmish1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC249.410
352262489,33631825khʐoŋ³¹tʐoŋ³¹throatnAchang (Xiandao)446.1.1Burmish1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0141.290
17429489,3363209kʰʐoŋ³¹ tʐoŋ³¹throatAchang (Xiandao)446.1.1Burmish1Dai 89 XianDQ-Xiandao1680
34392489290hkraùnthroatArakanese446.1.1Burmish1Okell 71JO-PB0
3522654891829khjauŋ³⁵throatnBola (Luxi)446.1.1Burmish1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0141.320
13182489370kʰjauŋ³⁵throatBola446.1.1Burmish1Dai 89 BolaDQ-Bola1680
352260p,4891823ɑ²²khɑ̃u²²throatnBurmese (Rangoon)446.1.1Burmish1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0141.270
34389489387hcaùnthroatBurmese (Standard Spoken)446.1.1Burmish1Okell 71JO-PB0
34391489382khlon̊throatBurmese (Inscriptional)446.1.1Burmish1Okell 71JO-PB0
34390489404khron̊:throatBurmese (Written)446.1.1Burmish1Okell 71JO-PB0
118718489396khrôŋwindpipe / tracheaBurmese (Written)446.1.1Burmish1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
438445489406khrôŋwindpipeBurmese (Written)446.1.1Burmish1Benedict 76 WBurPKB-WBRD0
118719489396khyôŋwindpipe / tracheaBurmese (Written)446.1.1Burmish1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
438444489406khyôŋwindpipeBurmese (Written)446.1.1Burmish1Benedict 76 WBurPKB-WBRD0
118648479,489396lañ-khrôŋthroat / gullet / esophagusBurmese (Written)446.1.1Burmish1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
171432479,489392laññ◦khyoṅ:throatBurmese (Written)446.1.1Burmish1Marrison 67 NagaGEM-CNL0
234337479,489653lɛ́◦xɔ̀ŋthroatHpun (Northern)446.1.1Burmish1Henderson 86 HpunEJAH-Hpun0
3522644891828khjauŋ³⁵throatnLangsu (Luxi)446.1.1Burmish1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0141.310
15524489886khjuŋ⁵⁵throat / gullet / pharynxLashi446.1.1Burmish1Dai 89 LashDQ-Lashi4.20
1552532,489886sɔʔ⁵⁵ khjo³³windpipe / tracheaLashi446.1.1Burmish1Dai 89 LashDQ-Lashi4.2.10
3522664891830khjuŋ⁵⁵throatnLeqi (Luxi)446.1.1Burmish1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0141.330
152714891024khjauŋ³⁵throat / gullet / pharynxMaru [Langsu]446.1.1Burmish1Dai 89 LangDQ-Langsu4.20
1926794891034khjauŋ³⁵throatMaru [Langsu]446.1.1Burmish1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC249.430
343954891029khyaūngthroatMaru [Langsu]446.1.1Burmish1Okell 71JO-PB0
1527232,4891024sɔʔ⁵⁵ khjɔ³¹windpipe / tracheaMaru [Langsu]446.1.1Burmish1Dai 89 LangDQ-Langsu4.2.10
343944891503hcònthroatTavoyan446.1.1Burmish1Okell 71JO-PB0
343934891503hkònthroatTavoyan446.1.1Burmish1Okell 71JO-PB0
352263489,8221827khjuŋ ²¹toŋ²¹throatnAtsi [Zaiwa]446.1.1Burmish1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0141.300
440534891686khjuŋ²¹throatAtsi [Zaiwa]446.1.1Burmish1Xu 84 ZaiwaJZ-Zaiwa0
1927044891693khjuŋ²¹throatAtsi [Zaiwa]446.1.1Burmish1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC249.420
11209p,489152ʔ-kroŋ²throat*Loloish456.1.2Loloish1Bradley 79 PLoDB-PLolo105A0