STEDT Etymon #481
1.0 The Body > 1.4 Torso > 1.4.2 Neck
#481 PTB *s/m-key-k NECK |
This etymon was formerly reconstructed as *s‑ke‑k ⪤ *m‑ke‑k.
In line with the frequently noted tendency of words meaning NECK / THROAT to have velar initials, we have reconstructed no fewer than eleven etyma with initial velars or velar clusters: #389 PTB *s/r‑gwa‑n NECK / NAPE, #481 PTB *s/m‑key‑k NECK, #486 PTB *l‑kwak THROAT / NECK, #488 PTB *k‑(r/l)aw THROAT / PALATE, #489 PTB *k/s‑raw(k/ŋ) ⪤ *k‑rwa(k/ŋ) THROAT, #491 PTB *grey‑k THROAT, #493 PTB *kak THROAT, #494 PTB *ka THROAT / NECK, #495 PTB *kwa THROAT / NECK, #3361 PTB *gwaŋ NECK / THROAT, and #5651 PTB *ku NECK / THROAT.
It is highly likely that some of these etyma are allofams of each other. It is equally likely that a given supporting form may have been assigned to the wrong etymon. However, on the basis of the available data, this may be the best that can be done at this point.
| rn | analysis | lgid | reflex | gloss | gfn | language | grpid | grpno | grp | genetic | citation | srcabbr | srcid | rn |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 72200 | 481 | 182 | ke | neck-shaped | be v. | *Tibeto-Burman | 2 | 0.1 | Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions) | 0 | Benedict 72 STC | STC | 251 | 2 |
| 515172 | 481 | 2012 | s-|ke-|k | neck / neck-shaped | *Tibeto-Burman | 2 | 0.1 | Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions) | 0 | Matisoff 03 HPTB | JAM-HPTB | 595 | 0 | |
| 70668 | 481,481 | 685 | ke; kéʔ | be / make neck-shaped | be v. | Jingpho | 37 | 1.7.3.1 | Jingpho | 1 | Benedict 72 STC | STC | 251 | 0 |
| 303669 | 481 | 1735 | keʔ (high tone) | neck-shaped | Jingpho | 37 | 1.7.3.1 | Jingpho | 1 | Benedict 72 STC | STC | 59n190 | 0 | |
| 349566 | 481 | 1848 | rke | neck | n | Tibetan (Alike) | 24 | 2.1.2.1 | Tibetan | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 0089.05 | 0 |
| 192634 | 481 | 1550 | hke | neck | Tibetan (Amdo:Bla-brang) | 24 | 2.1.2.1 | Tibetan | 1 | Sun H 91 ZMYY | ZMYYC | 248.4 | 0 | |
| 36427 | 481 | 1584 | hke | neck | Tibetan (Amdo:Zeku) | 24 | 2.1.2.1 | Tibetan | 1 | Sun J 85 Amdo | JS-Amdo | 629 | 0 | |
| 192610 | 481,m | 1585 | rke tə | neck | Tibetan (Amdo:Zeku) | 24 | 2.1.2.1 | Tibetan | 1 | Sun H 91 ZMYY | ZMYYC | 248.5 | 0 | |
| 36424 | m,481 | 1584 | si kʰæ | nape (of bovines and horses) | Tibetan (Amdo:Zeku) | 24 | 2.1.2.1 | Tibetan | 1 | Sun J 85 Amdo | JS-Amdo | 626 | 0 | |
| 12952 | 481 | 329 | kɛ⁵³ | neck | Tibetan (Batang) | 24 | 2.1.2.1 | Tibetan | 1 | Dai 89 Bata | DQ-Batang | 4.1 | 0 | |
| 12954 | 481,485 | 329 | kɛ⁵⁵ ȵaʔ⁵³ | nape of neck | Tibetan (Batang) | 24 | 2.1.2.1 | Tibetan | 1 | Dai 89 Bata | DQ-Batang | 4.1.3 | 0 | |
| 349564 | 481 | 1826 | ke⁵³ | neck | n | Tibetan (Batang) | 24 | 2.1.2.1 | Tibetan | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 0089.03 | 0 |
| 192609 | 481 | 1380 | ke⁵³ | neck | Tibetan (Khams:Dege) | 24 | 2.1.2.1 | Tibetan | 1 | Sun H 91 ZMYY | ZMYYC | 248.3 | 0 | |
| 192633 | 481 | 1557 | ke⁵³ | neck | Tibetan (Lhasa) | 24 | 2.1.2.1 | Tibetan | 1 | Sun H 91 ZMYY | ZMYYC | 248.2 | 0 | |
| 349563 | 481 | 1815 | ke⁵⁵ | neck | n | Tibetan (Lhasa) | 24 | 2.1.2.1 | Tibetan | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 0089.02 | 0 |
| 166339 | 481 | 1564 | ske | neck | Tibetan (Written) | 24 | 2.1.2.1 | Tibetan | 1 | Marrison 67 Naga | GEM-CNL | 0 | ||
| 117819 | 481 | 1568 | ske | neck, throat | Tibetan (Written) | 24 | 2.1.2.1 | Tibetan | 1 | Matisoff 87 BP | JAM-Ety | 0 | ||
| 118705 | 481 | 1568 | ske | throat / gullet / esophagus | Tibetan (Written) | 24 | 2.1.2.1 | Tibetan | 1 | Matisoff 87 BP | JAM-Ety | 0 | ||
| 38211 | 481 | 1575 | ske | neck | Tibetan (Written) | 24 | 2.1.2.1 | Tibetan | 1 | Sun J 85 TbGl | JS-Tib | 629 | 0 | |
| 70667 | 481 | 1578 | ske | neck, throat | Tibetan (Written) | 24 | 2.1.2.1 | Tibetan | 1 | Benedict 72 STC | STC | 251 | 0 | |
| 349562 | 481 | 1804 | ske | neck | n | Tibetan (Written) | 24 | 2.1.2.1 | Tibetan | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 0089.01 | 0 |
| 192608 | 481 | 1582 | ske | neck | Tibetan (Written) | 24 | 2.1.2.1 | Tibetan | 1 | Sun H 91 ZMYY | ZMYYC | 248.1 | 0 | |
| 349565 | 481,s | 1837 | hke tə | neck | n | Tibetan (Xiahe) | 24 | 2.1.2.1 | Tibetan | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 0089.04 | 0 |
| 117785 | 481 | 445 | kayk | neck | Chepang | 28 | 2.4 | Kham-Magar-Chepang | 1 | Matisoff 87 BP | JAM-Ety | 0 | ||
| 479395 | 481 | 1977 | kek | neck | n. | Chepang | 28 | 2.4 | Kham-Magar-Chepang | 1 | Caughley 00 Chepang | RC-DOC | 0 | |
| 6907 | 481 | 442 | kəyk | neck | Chepang | 28 | 2.4 | Kham-Magar-Chepang | 1 | Weidert 87 TBTo | AW-TBT | 966 | 0 | |
| 479123 | 481 | 1977 | kəyk | neck, stem | n. | Chepang | 28 | 2.4 | Kham-Magar-Chepang | 1 | Caughley 00 Chepang | RC-DOC | 0 | |
| 63594 | 481 | 449 | kəyk | neck | Chepang | 28 | 2.4 | Kham-Magar-Chepang | 1 | Caughley 72 CVoc | SIL-Chep | 1.50 | 0 | |
| 127944 | 481 | 452 | kəyk | neck | Chepang (Eastern) | 28 | 2.4 | Kham-Magar-Chepang | 1 | Caughley 90 CheQ | RC-ChepQ | 4.1 | 0 | |
| 129917 | 479,481 | 1146 | ɣɛ⁵⁵kɛ³³ | neck | Namuyi | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Sun H 91 NamQ | SHK-NamuQ | 4.1 | 0 | |
| 192616 | 479,481 | 1147 | ɣɛ⁵⁵kɛ³³ | neck | Namuyi | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Sun H 91 ZMYY | ZMYYC | 248.19 | 0 | |
| 506515 | 481 | 1996 | mù |kà | neck | Qiang (Longxi) | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Evans 99 Qiang | JPE-SQiang | 115 | 0 | |
| 349569 | 481 | 1852 | mu |ku | neck | n | Qiang (Mawo) | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 0089.08 | 0 |
| 192636 | p,481 | 1320 | tʃə ka | neck | Qiang (Mawo) | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Sun H 91 ZMYY | ZMYYC | 248.8 | 0 | |
| 43151 | p,481 | 1317 | tʃə◦ka | neck | Qiang (Mawo) | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Sun H 81 Qia | JZ-Qiang | 0 | ||
| 129211 | p,481 | 1319 | tʃə◦kæ | neck | Qiang (Mawo) | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Sun H 91 MawQ | SHK-MawoQ | 4.1 | 0 | |
| 37445 | p,481 | 1316 | tʃə◦kə | neck | Qiang (Mawo) | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Sun J 86 Mawo | JS-Mawo | 0 | ||
| 506514 | 481,m | 1997 | qɛ̀ mò | neck | Qiang (Mianchi) | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Evans 99 Qiang | JPE-SQiang | 115 | 0 | |
| 507666 | 481,m,m,m | 1997 | qɛ̀ mò-sè lí | necklace [neck-thread] | Qiang (Mianchi) | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Evans 99 Qiang | JPE-SQiang | 663 | 0 | |
| 192612 | m,481 | 1323 | ʂɿ³¹kie³³ | neck | Qiang (Taoping) | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Sun H 91 ZMYY | ZMYYC | 248.9 | 0 | |
| 43300 | m,481 | 1321 | ʂʅ³¹ kie³³ | neck | Qiang (Taoping) | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Sun H 81 Qia | JZ-Qiang | 0 | ||
| 17856 | p,481 | 1325 | tʂu◦ki | neck | Qiang (Yadu) | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Dai 89 Qian | DQ-QiangN | 115 | 0 | |
| 131161 | 481 | 1698 | qɛi⁵³ | neck | Queyu (Yajiang) [Zhaba] | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Sun H 91 ZhaQ | SHK-ZhabQ | 4.1 | 0 | |
| 192640 | 481 | 1699 | qɛi⁵³ | neck | Queyu (Yajiang) [Zhaba] | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Sun H 91 ZMYY | ZMYYC | 248.16 | 0 | |
| 130158 | 699,481 | 616 | tajɐk mki | wrist | rGyalrong (Eastern) | 78 | 3.3.1 | rGyalrong | 1 | Sun H 91 rEQ | SHK-rGEQ | 6.1.6 | 0 | |
| 14005 | p,481 | 606 | te mgər | nape of neck | rGyalrong | 78 | 3.3.1 | rGyalrong | 1 | Dai 89 Jiar | DQ-Jiarong | 4.1.3 | 0 | |
| 14004 | p,481 | 606 | te mki | neck | rGyalrong | 78 | 3.3.1 | rGyalrong | 1 | Dai 89 Jiar | DQ-Jiarong | 4.1 | 0 | |
| 349572 | p,481 | 1806 | tə mki | neck | n | rGyalrong (Maerkang) | 78 | 3.3.1 | rGyalrong | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 0089.11 | 0 |
| 192638 | p,481 | 1340 | tə mki | neck | rGyalrong | 78 | 3.3.1 | rGyalrong | 1 | Sun H 91 ZMYY | ZMYYC | 248.12 | 0 | |
| 331367 | p,481 | 1797 | tə-mkɐ | neck | Caodeng | 78 | 3.3.1 | rGyalrong | 1 | Sun J 97 Cao | JS-Caodeng | 0 | ||
| 130424 | p,481 | 617 | tə◦mke | neck | rGyalrong (Northern) | 78 | 3.3.1 | rGyalrong | 1 | Sun H 91 rNQ | SHK-rGNQ | 4.1 | 0 | |
| 130746 | p,481 | 618 | tə◦mke | neck | rGyalrong (NW) | 78 | 3.3.1 | rGyalrong | 1 | Sun H 91 rNW | SHK-rGNWQ | 4.1 | 0 | |
| 130749 | p,481,m | 618 | tə◦mke◦ʁu | nape of neck | rGyalrong (NW) | 78 | 3.3.1 | rGyalrong | 1 | Sun H 91 rNW | SHK-rGNWQ | 4.1.3 | 0 | |
| 130110 | p,481 | 616 | tə◦mki | neck | rGyalrong (Eastern) | 78 | 3.3.1 | rGyalrong | 1 | Sun H 91 rEQ | SHK-rGEQ | 4.1 | 0 | |
| 130113 | p,481,m,p,481,m | 616 | tə◦mki ɣu/tə◦mki ŋkʰu | nape of neck | rGyalrong (Eastern) | 78 | 3.3.1 | rGyalrong | 1 | Sun H 91 rEQ | SHK-rGEQ | 4.1.3 | 0 | |
| 130427 | p,481,m | 617 | tə◦mkə◦qʰu | nape of neck | rGyalrong (Northern) | 78 | 3.3.1 | rGyalrong | 1 | Sun H 91 rNQ | SHK-rGNQ | 4.1.3 | 0 | |
| 130818 | p,m,481,234 | 618 | tə◦mə mke ɕɛr̥ | ankle bone | rGyalrong (NW) | 78 | 3.3.1 | rGyalrong | 1 | Sun H 91 rNW | SHK-rGNWQ | 6.2.5.1 | 0 | |
| 130817 | p,m,481,m | 618 | tə◦mə mke ʁorna | ankle | rGyalrong (NW) | 78 | 3.3.1 | rGyalrong | 1 | Sun H 91 rNW | SHK-rGNWQ | 6.2.5 | 0 | |
| 130814 | p,m,481 | 618 | tə◦mə mki | shin | rGyalrong (NW) | 78 | 3.3.1 | rGyalrong | 1 | Sun H 91 rNW | SHK-rGNWQ | 6.2.3 | 0 | |
| 130815 | p,m,481,234 | 618 | tə◦mə mki ɕɛr̥ | shin bone / tibia | rGyalrong (NW) | 78 | 3.3.1 | rGyalrong | 1 | Sun H 91 rNW | SHK-rGNWQ | 6.2.3.1 | 0 | |
| 350399 | 699,481 | 1806 | tɐ |jɐk mki | arm | nbp | rGyalrong (Maerkang) | 78 | 3.3.1 | rGyalrong | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 0105.11 | 0 |
| 350550 | 699,481 | 1806 | tɐ |jɐk mki | wrist | n | rGyalrong (Maerkang) | 78 | 3.3.1 | rGyalrong | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 0108.11 | 0 |
| 192893 | 699,481 | 1340 | tɐ |jɐŋ mki | arm | rGyalrong | 78 | 3.3.1 | rGyalrong | 1 | Sun H 91 ZMYY | ZMYYC | 253.12 | 3 | |
| 329411 | p,481 | 1796 | tA mgu | neck | rGyalrong | 78 | 3.3.1 | rGyalrong | 1 | Nagano 97 GyQ | Gyarong.Nag | 4.1 | 0 | |
| 333306 | p,481 | 1799 | tə-mkiʔ | neck | rGBenzhen | 78 | 3.3.1 | rGyalrong | 1 | Sun J 97 rGB | JS-rGBenzhe | 0 | ||
| 333884 | 699,481 | 1799 | tɐ-|jɐk mkiʔ | wrist | rGBenzhen | 78 | 3.3.1 | rGyalrong | 1 | Sun J 97 rGB | JS-rGBenzhe | 0 | ||
| 333934 | p,481 | 1798 | tə́-mkʰe | neck | Shili | 78 | 3.3.1 | rGyalrong | 1 | Sun J 97 Shi | JS-Shili | 0 |