9.0 Shape, Size, Color, Measure, Number, Time, Space > 9.7 Shape/Size > 9.7.2 Verbs referring to size/shape

#2060 PTB *wal ROUND / CIRCULAR
Reconstructed mesoroots below:

This root is well-established in Tibeto-Burman, and underlies a luxuriant Chinese word family with at least a dozen members.

This root bears a certain resemblance to #5138 PKC *weel CIRCLE / GO (round), but further research is needed to establish this relationship.

rnanalysislgidreflexglossgfnlanguagegrpidgrpnogrpgeneticcitationsrcabbrsrcidrn
76702060175walcircular*Tibeto-Burman20.1Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)0Weidert 87 TBToAW-TBT2670
51607820602012walround / circular / enclosure*Tibeto-Burman20.1Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)0Matisoff 03 HPTBJAM-HPTB6180
720392060182walcircular, round*Tibeto-Burman20.1Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)0Benedict 72 STCSTC910
197352060174wɑlround / circular*Tibeto-Burman20.1Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)0Chou 72ACST425a-b0
50117620601983walENCIRCLE*Central Chin701.2.2Central Chin1VanBik 09 PKCKVB-PKC11450
44719920601947vâl-I, vǎl-IIencircle, to make ring (as with rope on the ground)Lai (Hakha)701.2.2Central Chin1VanBik 09 PKCKVB-PKC11450
43302060975vǎlcircularLushai [Mizo]701.2.2Central Chin1Weidert 87 TBToAW-TBT2670
44720020601924vǎlform a ring or circlevLushai [Mizo]701.2.2Central Chin1VanBik 09 PKCKVB-PKC11450
697882060984valcircular, roundLushai [Mizo]701.2.2Central Chin1Benedict 72 STCSTC910
697862060685wancircular, roundJingpho371.7.3.1Jingpho1Benedict 72 STCSTC910
43292060390wàncircularBurmese (Written)446.1.1Burmish1Weidert 87 TBToAW-TBT2670
317752060401wânround, surroundv.Burmese (Written)446.1.1Burmish1Matisoff 74 TJLBJAM-TJLB2480
4390482060406wânround, circularBurmese (Written)446.1.1Burmish1Benedict 76 WBurPKB-WBRD0
3030522060409wancircularBurmese (Written)446.1.1Burmish1Benedict 72 STCSTC15n54(b)0
697872060409wàncircular, roundBurmese (Written)446.1.1Burmish1Benedict 72 STCSTC910
61278820602207員circle; roundChinese (Hanzi)529Sinitic1BaxterSagart 2011WHBLS-201136360
61278920602207圓roundChinese (Hanzi)529Sinitic1BaxterSagart 2011WHBLS-201136370
61279020602207圜roundChinese (Hanzi)529Sinitic1BaxterSagart 2011WHBLS-201136380
61237920602207旋turn round; returnChinese (Hanzi)529Sinitic1BaxterSagart 2011WHBLS-201132270
61027020602207環ringn.Chinese (Hanzi)529Sinitic1BaxterSagart 2011WHBLS-201111180
61284220602207運turn round, moveChinese (Hanzi)529Sinitic1BaxterSagart 2011WHBLS-201136900
61238120602207還turn round, returnChinese (Hanzi)529Sinitic1BaxterSagart 2011WHBLS-201132290
61280820602207院wall round a courtyardChinese (Hanzi)529Sinitic1BaxterSagart 2011WHBLS-201136560
607126206022110227acircle; roundChinese (GSR #)529Sinitic1BaxterSagart 2011WHBLS-201136360
607127206022110227croundChinese (GSR #)529Sinitic1BaxterSagart 2011WHBLS-201136370
606717206022110236aturn round; returnChinese (GSR #)529Sinitic1BaxterSagart 2011WHBLS-201132270
606719206022110256kturn round, returnChinese (GSR #)529Sinitic1BaxterSagart 2011WHBLS-201132290
604608206022110256nringn.Chinese (GSR #)529Sinitic1BaxterSagart 2011WHBLS-201111180
607128206022110256yroundChinese (GSR #)529Sinitic1BaxterSagart 2011WHBLS-201136380
607146206022110257uwall round a courtyardChinese (GSR #)529Sinitic1BaxterSagart 2011WHBLS-201136560
607180206022110458dturn round, moveChinese (GSR #)529Sinitic1BaxterSagart 2011WHBLS-201136900
202582060,2060480gi̯wɑn/ji̯wɑ̈nroundChinese (Old/Mid)539.0.1Old Chinese0Chou 72ACST227c0
202702060,2060480gi̯wɑn/ji̯wɑ̈nwall (round a courtyard)Chinese (Old/Mid)539.0.1Old Chinese0Chou 72ACST257u0
202682060,2060480gʻiwɑn/ɣiwentie around / encircleChinese (Old/Mid)539.0.1Old Chinese0Chou 72ACST256q0
202662060,2060480gʻwɑn/ɣwɑnturn round / returnChinese (Old/Mid)539.0.1Old Chinese0Chou 72ACST256k-m0
202672060,2060480gʻwɑn/ɣwɑnring / encirclev.Chinese (Old/Mid)539.0.1Old Chinese0Chou 72ACST256n0
3285122060,2060481ʔi̯wət/ʔi̯uətpark / enclosure for animalsChinese (Old/Mid)539.0.1Old Chinese0Karlgren 57 GSRGSR260q0
3285112060,2060481ʔi̯wɑ̆n/ʔi̯wɒn:park / enclosure for animalsChinese (Old/Mid)539.0.1Old Chinese0Karlgren 57 GSRGSR260q0
600534p,20602210C.ɢʷˤrenringn.Chinese (Old)539.0.1Old Chinese0BaxterSagart 2011WHBLS-201111180
1460462060469gi̯wɑncircle / circumference / round / returnChinese (Old)539.0.1Old Chinese0Chou 72ACST227a-b0
602645p,20602210s-ɢʷen {s-[ɢ]ʷen}turn round, returnChinese (Old)539.0.1Old Chinese0BaxterSagart 2011WHBLS-201132290
602643p,20602210s-ɢʷen {s-[ɢ]ʷe[n]}turn round; returnChinese (Old)539.0.1Old Chinese0BaxterSagart 2011WHBLS-201132270
2952342060471wrenringChinese (Old)539.0.1Old Chinese0Baxter 92WHB-OC9160
6030722060,s2210ɢʷran-s {ɢʷra[n]-s}wall round a courtyardChinese (Old)539.0.1Old Chinese0BaxterSagart 2011WHBLS-201136560
60305420602210ɢʷren {[ɢ]ʷren}roundChinese (Old)539.0.1Old Chinese0BaxterSagart 2011WHBLS-201136380
60305220602210ɢʷren {[ɢ]ʷre[n]}circle; roundChinese (Old)539.0.1Old Chinese0BaxterSagart 2011WHBLS-201136360
60305320602210ɢʷren {[ɢ]ʷre[n]}roundChinese (Old)539.0.1Old Chinese0BaxterSagart 2011WHBLS-201136370
6031062060,s2210ɢʷər-s {[ɢ]ʷər-s}turn round, moveChinese (Old)539.0.1Old Chinese0BaxterSagart 2011WHBLS-201136900
59903220602209hjunHturn round, moveChinese (Middle)549.0.2Middle Chinese0BaxterSagart 2011WHBLS-201136900
59897820602209hjwencircle; roundChinese (Middle)549.0.2Middle Chinese0BaxterSagart 2011WHBLS-201136360
59897920602209hjwenroundChinese (Middle)549.0.2Middle Chinese0BaxterSagart 2011WHBLS-201136370
59898020602209hjwenroundChinese (Middle)549.0.2Middle Chinese0BaxterSagart 2011WHBLS-201136380
59899820602209hjwenHwall round a courtyardChinese (Middle)549.0.2Middle Chinese0BaxterSagart 2011WHBLS-201136560
59646020602209hwaenringn.Chinese (Middle)549.0.2Middle Chinese0BaxterSagart 2011WHBLS-201111180
59856920602209zjwenturn round; returnChinese (Middle)549.0.2Middle Chinese0BaxterSagart 2011WHBLS-201132270
59857120602209zjwenturn round, returnChinese (Middle)549.0.2Middle Chinese0BaxterSagart 2011WHBLS-201132290
59238620602208huánringn.Chinese (Mandarin)559.0.3Modern Chinese0BaxterSagart 2011WHBLS-201111180
59449520602208xuánturn round; returnChinese (Mandarin)559.0.3Modern Chinese0BaxterSagart 2011WHBLS-201132270
59449720602208xuánturn round, returnChinese (Mandarin)559.0.3Modern Chinese0BaxterSagart 2011WHBLS-201132290
59490420602208yuáncircle; roundChinese (Mandarin)559.0.3Modern Chinese0BaxterSagart 2011WHBLS-201136360
59490520602208yuánroundChinese (Mandarin)559.0.3Modern Chinese0BaxterSagart 2011WHBLS-201136370
59490620602208yuánroundChinese (Mandarin)559.0.3Modern Chinese0BaxterSagart 2011WHBLS-201136380
59492420602208yuànwall round a courtyardChinese (Mandarin)559.0.3Modern Chinese0BaxterSagart 2011WHBLS-201136560
59495820602208yùnturn round, moveChinese (Mandarin)559.0.3Modern Chinese0BaxterSagart 2011WHBLS-201136900

Chinese comparanda

Additional comparanda:

圈 OC *gʼi̯wɑn ~ *gʼi̯wɑ̆n, GSR #226k ‘enclosure for pigs’; Mand. juàn ‘pen, corral’, juān ‘shut in, confine to (e.g. a corral, jail)’.

圈 OC *ki̯wɑ̆n ~ *kʼi̯wɑ̆n, GSR #226k; cf. Mand. quān ‘a circle; to draw a circle, delineate’.

圈 GSR #226k includes two separate, yet semantically related etyma, distinguished by the voicing of the initial consonant: 1) ‘corral/to confine’, and 2) ‘circle/to draw a circle’ (Karlgren glosses 2) as ‘turn around on foot’; in modern Chinese, however, the predominant sense is ‘circle’).

No reconstruction for 圈 is offered by B & S 2011 or Schuessler 2007. [SPB]

#2060 PTB *wal ROUND / CIRCULAR
#6077 PTB *kwa(ŋ/k) FENCE / ENCLOSURE / CIRCLE / RING
#4045 PKC *ɓial ROUND / CIRCLE
#2270 PTB *hwaŋ ENCIRCLE / CIRCULAR / FENCE
#4267 PKC *kual COIL / LOOP
#5138 PKC *weel CIRCLE / GO (round)