STEDT Etymon #754
1.0 The Body > 1.5 Limbs, Joints, and Body Measures > 1.5.1 Hand, Arm, Wing
#754 PTB *pum ARM / SHOULDER |
This etymon looks rather similar to *s‑bwam PLUMP / SWOLLEN [STC #172] as well as to #1317 PTB *bwap CALF / LEG [STC #30], since the bicep of the arm is protuberant like the calf of the leg. Cf. Mizo puam ‘swell’, pan‑puam ‘muscle of upper arm’.
Both Meithei and Lui show assimilation of the final consonants of the first syllable (< #745 PTB *ban) to the initial of the second. The Liangmei form seems to show radical reduction of the first syllable to syllabic m, implying a two-stage development: assimilation to the initial of the second syllable, followed by reduction and prefixization of the first syllable.
| rn | analysis | lgid | reflex | gloss | gfn | language | grpid | grpno | grp | genetic | citation | srcabbr | srcid | rn |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 150519 | 754,m | 1430 | pua³³tok³³ | arm | Sulung [Puroik] | 4 | 1.1 | “North Assam” | 0 | Sun H 93 SulQ | SHK-Sulung | 0 | ||
| 192913 | 754,m | 1431 | pua³³tok³³ | arm | Sulung [Puroik] | 4 | 1.1 | “North Assam” | 0 | Sun H 91 ZMYY | ZMYYC | 253.52 | 0 | |
| 164996 | p,754 | 906 | m◦poum | arm | Liangmei | 64 | 1.3.3 | Zeme Group | 1 | Marrison 67 Naga | GEM-CNL | 2 | ||
| 165002 | 745,754 | 1347 | ban◦pom | arm | Rongmei / Nruanghmei | 64 | 1.3.3 | Zeme Group | 1 | Marrison 67 Naga | GEM-CNL | 0 | ||
| 10541 | 745,754 | 1040 | pam◦bom | arm | Meithei | 13 | 1.4 | Meithei | 1 | Singh 91 MeiQ | CYS-Meithei | 6.1 | 3 | |
| 10544 | 745,754 | 1040 | pam◦bom | upperarm | Meithei | 13 | 1.4 | Meithei | 1 | Singh 91 MeiQ | CYS-Meithei | 6.1.2 | 0 | |
| 165018 | 745,754 | 1041 | pam◦bom | arm | Meithei | 13 | 1.4 | Meithei | 1 | Marrison 67 Naga | GEM-CNL | 0 | ||
| 78021 | 696,754 | 1107 | yok pʰum | arm | Tangsa (Moshang) | 84 | 1.7.2.1 | Tangsa-Nocte | 1 | French 83 | WTF-PNN | 500 | 0 | |
| 165010 | 696,754 | 1489 | yok◦phum | arm | Tangsa (Moshang) | 84 | 1.7.2.1 | Tangsa-Nocte | 1 | Marrison 67 Naga | GEM-CNL | 0 | ||
| 78019 | 696,754 | 1675 | yak pʰim | arm | Tangsa (Yogli) | 84 | 1.7.2.1 | Tangsa-Nocte | 1 | French 83 | WTF-PNN | 500 | 0 | |
| 165011 | 696,754 | 1490 | yak◦phim | arm | Tangsa (Yogli) | 84 | 1.7.2.1 | Tangsa-Nocte | 1 | Marrison 67 Naga | GEM-CNL | 0 | ||
| 350407 | 695,754 | 1814 | lă³¹phum³¹ | arm | nbp | Jingpho | 37 | 1.7.3.1 | Jingpho | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 0105.19 | 0 |
| 192885 | 695,754 | 690 | lă³¹phum³¹ | arm | Jingpho | 37 | 1.7.3.1 | Jingpho | 1 | Sun H 91 ZMYY | ZMYYC | 253.47 | 0 | |
| 41191 | 695,754 | 679 | lă¹ phum³¹ | arm | Jingpho | 37 | 1.7.3.1 | Jingpho | 1 | Liu 84 | JZ-Jingpo | 0 | ||
| 514670 | 695,754 | 681 | lă◦hpùm | forearm | Jingpho | 37 | 1.7.3.1 | Jingpho | 1 | Hanson 06 KcDc | OH-DKL | 376 | 0 | |
| 516202 | m,711,695,754 | 668 | sùm◦thāŋ lə◦phùm | arm | Jingpho | 37 | 1.7.3.1 | Jingpho | 1 | Dai 83 Jing | DQ-Jingpho | 816 | 0 | |
| 516188 | 745,754 | 968 | pam-bom | arm | Lui | 40 | 1.7.3.2 | Asakian | 1 | Matisoff 87 BP | JAM-Ety | 0 | ||
| 127637 | 754 | 436 | pɦam | shoulder | Chantyal | 23 | 2.1.4 | Tamangish | 1 | Noonan 92 | NPB-ChanQ | 5.3 | 0 | |
| 126275 | 754 | 1455 | ³pam | shoulder | n | Tamang (Risiangku) | 23 | 2.1.4 | Tamangish | 1 | Mazaudon 91 TamQ | MM-TamRisQ | 5.3 | 0 |
| 178262 | 754 | 1456 | ³pam | shoulder | Tamang (Risiangku) | 23 | 2.1.4 | Tamangish | 1 | Mazaudon 94 These | MM-Thesis | 688 | 0 | |
| 119219 | 754,563 | 1459 | 'pāhm◦le | shoulder blade / scapula | Tamang (Sahu) | 23 | 2.1.4 | Tamangish | 1 | Matisoff 87 BP | JAM-Ety | 0 | ||
| 123056 | 754,563 | 1464 | 'pahm◦le | shoulder blade | Tamang (Sahu) | 23 | 2.1.4 | Tamangish | 1 | Taylor 72 TmVo | SIL-Sahu | 2.45 | 0 | |
| 119253 | 754 | 1459 | pāhm | shoulder | Tamang (Sahu) | 23 | 2.1.4 | Tamangish | 1 | Matisoff 87 BP | JAM-Ety | 0 | ||
| 123038 | 754 | 1464 | pahm | shoulder | Tamang (Sahu) | 23 | 2.1.4 | Tamangish | 1 | Taylor 72 TmVo | SIL-Sahu | 2.27 | 0 | |
| 178263 | 754 | 1462 | ³pam | shoulder | Tamang (Sahu) | 23 | 2.1.4 | Tamangish | 1 | Mazaudon 94 These | MM-Thesis | 688 | 0 | |
| 178264 | 754 | 1467 | ³bam | shoulder | Tamang (Taglung) | 23 | 2.1.4 | Tamangish | 1 | Mazaudon 94 These | MM-Thesis | 688 | 0 | |
| 178266 | 754 | 1524 | ²¹bɔʱm | shoulder | Thakali (Marpha) | 23 | 2.1.4 | Tamangish | 1 | Mazaudon 94 These | MM-Thesis | 688 | 0 | |
| 178267 | 754 | 1526 | ²¹pʌm | shoulder | Thakali (Syang) | 23 | 2.1.4 | Tamangish | 1 | Mazaudon 94 These | MM-Thesis | 688 | 0 | |
| 68368 | m,754 | 1531 | ja-pohm | shoulder | Thakali (Tukche) | 23 | 2.1.4 | Tamangish | 1 | Hari 71a ThVo | SIL-Thak | 2.A.29 | 0 | |
| 68370 | 696,754,m,m | 1531 | ja-pohm nɔ◦ʈi | shoulder blade | Thakali (Tukche) | 23 | 2.1.4 | Tamangish | 1 | Hari 71a ThVo | SIL-Thak | 2.A.48 | 0 | |
| 119254 | 696,754 | 1527 | ya-pohm | arm | Thakali (Tukche) | 23 | 2.1.4 | Tamangish | 1 | Matisoff 87 BP | JAM-Ety | 0 | ||
| 119220 | 696,754,m,m | 1527 | yā-pohm na◦Ti | shoulder blade / scapula | Thakali (Tukche) | 23 | 2.1.4 | Tamangish | 1 | Matisoff 87 BP | JAM-Ety | 0 | ||
| 178265 | 754 | 1530 | ³pom | shoulder | Thakali (Tukche) | 23 | 2.1.4 | Tamangish | 1 | Mazaudon 94 These | MM-Thesis | 688 | 0 | |
| 13798 | 695,754,m | 584 | la⁵³ phɛ³¹ tsɿ³³ | shoulder | Gazhuo | 46 | 6.1.2.1 | Northern Loloish | 1 | Dai 89 Gazh | DQ-Gazhuo | 5.3 | 0 | |
| 349662 | 695,754,m | 1845 | la⁵³phɛ³¹tsɿ³³ | shoulder | n | Gazhuo | 46 | 6.1.2.1 | Northern Loloish | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 0090.47 | 0 |
| 496029 | 695,754,m,m | 1980 | lɑ⁵³pɑ³¹tsɿ³¹tʰi³¹ | shoulder blade | Gazhuo | 46 | 6.1.2.1 | Northern Loloish | 1 | Mu 03 Gazhuo | MS-Gazhuo | 0 | ||
| 495972 | 695,754,m | 1980 | lɑ⁵³pʰe³¹tsɿ³³ | shoulder | Gazhuo | 46 | 6.1.2.1 | Northern Loloish | 1 | Mu 03 Gazhuo | MS-Gazhuo | 0 | ||
| 292459 | 754 | 879 | phé | shoulder blade | Lalo | 46 | 6.1.2.1 | Northern Loloish | 1 | Björverud 94 | SB-Lalo | 0 | ||
| 119280 | 695,754,1278 | 832 | làʔ-phɛ-qá | shoulder (Tlf) | Lahu (Black) | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Matisoff 87 BP | JAM-Ety | 0 | ||
| 41662 | 695,754 | 856 | laʔ²¹ pʰe³³ | shoulder | Lahu (Yellow) | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Chang 86 | JZ-Lahu | 0 | ||
| 236149 | 570,754 | 338 | pa hùm | shoulder | Bisu | 48 | 6.1.2.3 | Southern Loloish | 1 | Bradley 79 PLo | DB-PLolo | 0 | ||
| 142117 | 570,754 | 346 | pà◦hòm | shoulder | Bisu | 48 | 6.1.2.3 | Southern Loloish | 1 | Bradley 9x Bisu | DB-Bisu | 0 | ||
| 51257 | 570,754 | 344 | pà◦hùm | shoulder | Bisu | 48 | 6.1.2.3 | Southern Loloish | 1 | Beaudouin 88 Bisu | PB-Bisu | 15 | 0 | |
| 236070 | 570,754 | 1284 | bò hǔm | shoulder | Côông [Phunoi] | 48 | 6.1.2.3 | Southern Loloish | 1 | Bradley 79 PLo | DB-PLolo | 0 | ||
| 16758 | 1327,754 | 1285 | bŏ◦ɦum³⁵ | shoulder | Côông [Phunoi] | 48 | 6.1.2.3 | Southern Loloish | 1 | Bradley xx Phu | DB-Phunoi | 0 | ||
| 119247 | 570,754 | 1286 | ɓɔ̀◦ɦǔm | shoulder | Côông [Phunoi] | 48 | 6.1.2.3 | Southern Loloish | 1 | Matisoff 87 BP | JAM-Ety | 0 |
The putative Bisu and Phunoi reflexes of this weakly attested root show initial h‑ rather than a labial stop. If these are indeed valid reflexes, they would point to a development reminiscent of Old Japanese *p‑ going to Modern Japanese h‑.