STEDT Etymon #70

This well-attested root occurs in the NE Indian Areal Group, Himalayish, and Lolo-Burmese, and probably in Karenic and Qiangic as well. It is reconstructed in STC #135, which only lists the WT and Lushai (Mizo) forms. The Jingpho forms pràt, šəpràt ‘bear, give birth’ do not belong in this set, since ‑ŋ ⪤ ‑t is not an established pattern of variation in TB word-families.¹

The Himalayish forms with high vowels (Tamangic ‑u/‑i, Pattani ‑i) are tentatively assigned to this etymon.

rn	analysis	lgid	reflex	gloss	gfn	language	grpid	grpno	grp	genetic	citation	srcabbr	srcid	rn
514776	70	2012	braŋ	give birth		*Tibeto-Burman	2	0.1	Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)	0	Matisoff 03 HPTB	JAM-HPTB	585	0
72083	70	182	braŋ	born, give birth	be v.	*Tibeto-Burman	2	0.1	Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)	0	Benedict 72 STC	STC	135	0
340761	70	1800	bro	give birth to (of animals)		Darang [Taraon]	6	1.1.2	Deng	1	Anonymous xx Tar	NEFA-Taraon		0
129111	70	661	bɹa⁵⁵	birth, give		Idu	6	1.1.2	Deng	1	Sun H 91 IduQ	SHK-Idu	10.4.15	0
219483	70	662	bɹɑ⁵⁵	birth, give		Idu	6	1.1.2	Deng	1	Sun H 91 ZMYY	ZMYYC	774.50	0
425082	70	1821	bɹɑ⁵⁵	birth, give to	v.	Yidu	6	1.1.2	Deng	1	Huang and Dai 92 TBL	TBL	1620.25	0
500160	70	1920	piaŋ-I, pian-II	BORN (be)		*Chin	8	1.2	Kuki-Chin	1	VanBik 09 PKC	KVB-PKC	129	0
442131	70	1930	piang sak	procreate		Paite	68	1.2.1.1	Northern Chin	1	VanBik 09 PKC	KVB-PKC	129	0
442130	70	1926	píeŋ-I, pìen-II	born	be v.	Thado	68	1.2.1.1	Northern Chin	1	VanBik 09 PKC	KVB-PKC	129	0
314917	70	1778	piang² > pian³	come into existence; formed; happen; occur	v	Tiddim	68	1.2.1.1	Northern Chin	1	Bhaskararao 96 CDB	PB-CLDB	1384	0
442129	70	1925	pian² > pian	come into existence, formed		Tiddim	68	1.2.1.1	Northern Chin	1	VanBik 09 PKC	KVB-PKC	129	0
170881	70	1597	piaŋ²/pian³	come into existence...		Tiddim	68	1.2.1.1	Northern Chin	1	Bhaskararao 94 TCV	PB-TCV		0
442132	70	1929	tpieng	give birth, be born (for both humans and animals)		Khumi	69	1.2.1.2	Southern Plains Chin	1	VanBik 09 PKC	KVB-PKC	129	0
442127	70	1923	pǐang-I, pìan-II	born	be v.	Lai (Falam)	70	1.2.2	Central Chin	1	VanBik 09 PKC	KVB-PKC	129	0
237186	70	976	piang	birth, give		Lushai [Mizo]	70	1.2.2	Central Chin	1	Marrison 67 Naga	GEM-CNL		0
442128	70	1924	píang-I, pìan-II	born	be v.	Lushai [Mizo]	70	1.2.2	Central Chin	1	VanBik 09 PKC	KVB-PKC	129	0
168517	70	984	piaŋ	born, be	vs.	Lushai [Mizo]	70	1.2.2	Central Chin	1	Benedict 72 STC	STC	135	0
442126	70	1921	pì	born	be v.	Lakher [Mara]	71	1.2.3	Maraic	1	VanBik 09 PKC	KVB-PKC	129	0
237188	p,70	1062	ke◦plang	birth, give		Mikir [Karbi]	14	1.5	Mikir [Karbi]	1	Marrison 67 Naga	GEM-CNL		0
168014	p,70	1262	zir◦pʰi	born, be / to rise	vs.	Pattani [Manchati]	20	2.1.1	Western Himalayish	0	Sharma, D.D. 82 TH	DS-Patt		0
70029	70,s	1578	ḥbraŋ-ba	birth, give	v	Tibetan (Written)	24	2.1.2.1	Tibetan	1	Benedict 72 STC	STC	135	0
311416	70,s	1878	poːŋ◦maʔ	born, be		Limbu	31	2.3.1	Eastern Kiranti	1	Driem 88? LimA	SVD-LimA	491	0
129991	m,70	1146	eʴ³³ba³⁵	birth, give		Namuyi	34	3.2	Qiangic	1	Sun H 91 NamQ	SHK-NamuQ	10.4.15	0
219442	m,70	1147	əʴ³³ba³⁵	birth, give		Namuyi	34	3.2	Qiangic	1	Sun H 91 ZMYY	ZMYYC	774.19	0
425103	m,70	1844	əʴ³¹ ba³⁵	birth, give to	v.	Namuyi	34	3.2	Qiangic	1	Huang and Dai 92 TBL	TBL	1620.46	0
129366	70	1319	pæʴ (ʔæ ʐæ pæʴ)	birth, give		Qiang (Mawo)	34	3.2	Qiangic	1	Sun H 91 MawQ	SHK-MawoQ	10.4.15	0
173026	70	139	b(r)aŋ³	born / birth	v	*Lolo-Burmese	42	6.1	Lolo-Burmese	1	Matisoff 88 DL	JAM-DL	p.857	2
17591	70	209	pɔ³⁵	birth, give	v	Achang (Xiandao)	44	6.1.1	Burmish	1	Dai 89 Xian	DQ-Xiandao	2227	0
425086	70	1825	pɔ³⁵	birth, give to	v.	Achang (Xiandao)	44	6.1.1	Burmish	1	Huang and Dai 92 TBL	TBL	1620.29	0
17610	70	209	pʰo³¹	birth, give (pig)		Achang (Xiandao)	44	6.1.1	Burmish	1	Dai 89 Xian	DQ-Xiandao	2362	0
9877	70	1164	ba²¹	birth, give		Nesu	46	6.1.2.1	Northern Loloish	1	Chen 86 Yi	CK-YiQ	10.4.15	0
42441	70	1220	pʰa̱⁵³	birth, give		Nusu (Southern)	46	6.1.2.1	Northern Loloish	1	Sun J 86 Nusu	JZ-Nusu		0
47598	p,m,1012,70	216	ɑ³³ bɑ̱⁵⁵ zo²¹ bu³³	birth, give		Ahi	47	6.1.2.2	Central Loloish	1	Luo 90	LMZ-AhiQ	10.4.15	0
12000	70	492	paw:	born, be	be v.	*Common Lahu	47	6.1.2.2	Central Loloish	1	Bradley 79 PLo	DB-PLolo	597	0
425100	70	1841	pɔ³³	birth, give to	v.	Lahu (Lancang)	47	6.1.2.2	Central Loloish	1	Huang and Dai 92 TBL	TBL	1620.43	0
429728	70	1841	pɔ³³	birth, give to (piglets)	v.	Lahu (Lancang)	47	6.1.2.2	Central Loloish	1	Huang and Dai 92 TBL	TBL	1717.43	0
173027	70	831	pɔ	born, be; give birth to		Lahu (Black)	47	6.1.2.2	Central Loloish	1	Matisoff 88 DL	JAM-DL		0
41599	70	850	pɔ³³	birth, give		Lahu (Black)	47	6.1.2.2	Central Loloish	1	Chang 86	JZ-Lahu		0
219449	70	851	pɔ³³	birth, give		Lahu (Black)	47	6.1.2.2	Central Loloish	1	Sun H 91 ZMYY	ZMYYC	774.33	0
311369	70,s	239	baw-eu	born	be v.	Akha	48	6.1.2.3	Southern Loloish	1	Lewis 89 AETD	PL-AETD	73-74	0
133519	70	228	bɔ	born, be	be	Akha	48	6.1.2.3	Southern Loloish	1	Hansson 89 AHKP	ILH-PL	265	0
40765	70	630	bɔ³³	birth, give		Hani (Gelanghe)	48	6.1.2.3	Southern Loloish	1	Li Yongsui 86 Hani	JZ-Hani		0
40909	70	634	pv̩³³	birth, give		Hani (Shuikui)	48	6.1.2.3	Southern Loloish	1	Li Yongsui 86 Hani	JZ-Hani		0
167107	m,70	413	ɔ phlɛ	born, be	be v.	Bwe	50	7	Karenic	1	Henderson 97 Kar	EJAH-BKD		0
167108	m,70,m	413	ɔ phlɛ-la	born, be	be v.	Bwe	50	7	Karenic	1	Henderson 97 Kar	EJAH-BKD		0
15124	3482,70,p,1811	746	o̱³¹ pʰlɛ³¹ a³¹ pʰo⁵⁵	birth, give	v	Karen (Sgaw/Hinthada)	50	7	Karenic	1	Dai 89 KarB	DQ-KarenB	2320	0
14846	3482,70	747	o̱³¹ pʰlɛ³¹	birth, give	v	Karen (Sgaw/Yue)	50	7	Karenic	1	Dai 89 KarA	DQ-KarenA	2320	0

analysis

lgid

reflex

gloss

gfn

language

grpid

grpno

grp

genetic

citation

srcabbr

srcid

514776

2012

braŋ

give birth

*Tibeto-Burman

0.1

Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)

Matisoff 03 HPTB

JAM-HPTB

585

72083

182

braŋ

born, give birth

be v.

*Tibeto-Burman

0.1

Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)

Benedict 72 STC

STC

135

340761

1800

bro

give birth to (of animals)

Darang [Taraon]

1.1.2

Deng

Anonymous xx Tar

NEFA-Taraon

129111

661

bɹa⁵⁵

birth, give

Idu

1.1.2

Deng

Sun H 91 IduQ

SHK-Idu

10.4.15

219483

662

bɹɑ⁵⁵

birth, give

Idu

1.1.2

Deng

Sun H 91 ZMYY

ZMYYC

774.50

425082

1821

bɹɑ⁵⁵

birth, give to

Yidu

1.1.2

Deng

Huang and Dai 92 TBL

TBL

1620.25

500160

1920

piaŋ-I, pian-II

BORN (be)

*Chin

1.2

Kuki-Chin

VanBik 09 PKC

KVB-PKC

129

442131

1930

piang sak

procreate

Paite

1.2.1.1

Northern Chin

VanBik 09 PKC

KVB-PKC

129

442130

1926

píeŋ-I, pìen-II

born

be v.

Thado

1.2.1.1

Northern Chin

VanBik 09 PKC

KVB-PKC

129

314917

1778

piang² > pian³

come into existence; formed; happen; occur

Tiddim

1.2.1.1

Northern Chin

Bhaskararao 96 CDB

PB-CLDB

1384

442129

1925

pian² > pian

come into existence, formed

Tiddim

1.2.1.1

Northern Chin

VanBik 09 PKC

KVB-PKC

129

170881

1597

piaŋ²/pian³

come into existence...

Tiddim

1.2.1.1

Northern Chin

Bhaskararao 94 TCV

PB-TCV

442132

1929

tpieng

give birth, be born (for both humans and animals)

Khumi

1.2.1.2

Southern Plains Chin

VanBik 09 PKC

KVB-PKC

129

442127

1923

pǐang-I, pìan-II

born

be v.

Lai (Falam)

1.2.2

Central Chin

VanBik 09 PKC

KVB-PKC

129

237186

976

piang

birth, give

Lushai [Mizo]

1.2.2

Central Chin

Marrison 67 Naga

GEM-CNL

442128

1924

píang-I, pìan-II

born

be v.

Lushai [Mizo]

1.2.2

Central Chin

VanBik 09 PKC

KVB-PKC

129

168517

984

piaŋ

born, be

vs.

Lushai [Mizo]

1.2.2

Central Chin

Benedict 72 STC

STC

135

442126

1921

pì

born

be v.

Lakher [Mara]

1.2.3

Maraic

VanBik 09 PKC

KVB-PKC

129

237188

p,70

1062

ke◦plang

birth, give

Mikir [Karbi]

1.5

Mikir [Karbi]

Marrison 67 Naga

GEM-CNL

168014

p,70

1262

zir◦pʰi

born, be / to rise

vs.

Pattani [Manchati]

2.1.1

Western Himalayish

Sharma, D.D. 82 TH

DS-Patt

70029

70,s

1578

ḥbraŋ-ba

birth, give

Tibetan (Written)

2.1.2.1

Tibetan

Benedict 72 STC

STC

135

311416

70,s

1878

poːŋ◦maʔ

born, be

Limbu

2.3.1

Eastern Kiranti

Driem 88? LimA

SVD-LimA

491

129991

m,70

1146

eʴ³³ba³⁵

birth, give

Namuyi

3.2

Qiangic

Sun H 91 NamQ

SHK-NamuQ

10.4.15

219442

m,70

1147

əʴ³³ba³⁵

birth, give

Namuyi

3.2

Qiangic

Sun H 91 ZMYY

ZMYYC

774.19

425103

m,70

1844

əʴ³¹ ba³⁵

birth, give to

Namuyi

3.2

Qiangic

Huang and Dai 92 TBL

TBL

1620.46

129366

1319

pæʴ (ʔæ ʐæ pæʴ)

birth, give

Qiang (Mawo)

3.2

Qiangic

Sun H 91 MawQ

SHK-MawoQ

10.4.15

173026

139

b(r)aŋ³

born / birth

*Lolo-Burmese

6.1

Lolo-Burmese

Matisoff 88 DL

JAM-DL

p.857

17591

209

pɔ³⁵

birth, give

Achang (Xiandao)

6.1.1

Burmish

Dai 89 Xian

DQ-Xiandao

2227

425086

1825

pɔ³⁵

birth, give to

Achang (Xiandao)

6.1.1

Burmish

Huang and Dai 92 TBL

TBL

1620.29

17610

209

pʰo³¹

birth, give (pig)

Achang (Xiandao)

6.1.1

Burmish

Dai 89 Xian

DQ-Xiandao

2362

9877

1164

ba²¹

birth, give

Nesu

6.1.2.1

Northern Loloish

Chen 86 Yi

CK-YiQ

10.4.15

42441

1220

pʰa̱⁵³

birth, give

Nusu (Southern)

6.1.2.1

Northern Loloish

Sun J 86 Nusu

JZ-Nusu

47598

p,m,1012,70

216

ɑ³³ bɑ̱⁵⁵ zo²¹ bu³³

birth, give

Ahi

6.1.2.2

Central Loloish

Luo 90

LMZ-AhiQ

10.4.15

12000

492

paw:

born, be

be v.

*Common Lahu

6.1.2.2

Central Loloish

Bradley 79 PLo

DB-PLolo

597

425100

1841

pɔ³³

birth, give to

Lahu (Lancang)

6.1.2.2

Central Loloish

Huang and Dai 92 TBL

TBL

1620.43

429728

1841

pɔ³³

birth, give to (piglets)

Lahu (Lancang)

6.1.2.2

Central Loloish

Huang and Dai 92 TBL

TBL

1717.43

173027

831

pɔ

born, be; give birth to

Lahu (Black)

6.1.2.2

Central Loloish

Matisoff 88 DL

JAM-DL

41599

850

pɔ³³

birth, give

Lahu (Black)

6.1.2.2

Central Loloish

Chang 86

JZ-Lahu

219449

851

pɔ³³

birth, give

Lahu (Black)

6.1.2.2

Central Loloish

Sun H 91 ZMYY

ZMYYC

774.33

311369

70,s

239

baw-eu

born

be v.

Akha

6.1.2.3

Southern Loloish

Lewis 89 AETD

PL-AETD

73-74

133519

228

bɔ

born, be

Akha

6.1.2.3

Southern Loloish

Hansson 89 AHKP

ILH-PL

265

40765

630

bɔ³³

birth, give

Hani (Gelanghe)

6.1.2.3

Southern Loloish

Li Yongsui 86 Hani

JZ-Hani

40909

634

pv̩³³

birth, give

Hani (Shuikui)

6.1.2.3

Southern Loloish

Li Yongsui 86 Hani

JZ-Hani

167107

m,70

413

ɔ phlɛ

born, be

be v.

Bwe

Karenic

Henderson 97 Kar

EJAH-BKD

167108

m,70,m

413

ɔ phlɛ-la

born, be

be v.

Bwe

Karenic

Henderson 97 Kar

EJAH-BKD

15124

3482,70,p,1811

746

o̱³¹ pʰlɛ³¹ a³¹ pʰo⁵⁵

birth, give

Karen (Sgaw/Hinthada)

Karenic

Dai 89 KarB

DQ-KarenB

2320

14846

3482,70

747

o̱³¹ pʰlɛ³¹

birth, give

Karen (Sgaw/Yue)

Karenic

Dai 89 KarA

DQ-KarenA

2320

^ 1.

As a longshot, we might relate these Jingpho forms to #1787 PTB *(p/b)rat BREAK / WEAN, below.

^ 2.

This etymon is mistakenly reconstructed as Proto-Loloish *baw³ in Bradley 1979 (DB-PL) #597, on the basis of WB paw ‘to appear’.

#70 PTB *braŋ BORN / BIRTH