STEDT Etymon #3475
1.0 The Body > 1.9 Reproductive System > 1.9.8 Copulate
#3475 PTB *yaŋ LOVE / DESIRE / COPULATE |
This etymon is fairly well established, occurring in the NE Indian Areal Group, Baic, and Himalayish. This root is independent of #3470 PTB *ywa COPULATE above, with which it occurs in binomes (Konyak, Baima, Spiti). There is a longshot Chinese comparandum, 癢 OC *zi̯ɑng ‘itch’, GSR #732r, Mand. yǎŋ, though the semantic association is doubtful.
The root #3470 PTB *ywa COPULATE strongly resembles the present etymon, but the Konyak binome ya yiang seems to show that the roots are independent of each other.
| rn | analysis | lgid | reflex | gloss | gfn | language | grpid | grpno | grp | genetic | citation | srcabbr | srcid | rn |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 22733 | 1381,3475 | 1053 | luŋ-ʒaŋ | love; be kind to | adj. | Miji | 3 | 1 | NE Indian Areal Group | 0 | Simon 79 Miji | IMS-Miji | 0 | |
| 156123 | p,3475 | 365 | a-jaŋ | love | Bokar | 73 | 1.1.1.1 | Western Tani | 1 | Sun J 93 Tani | JS-Tani | 0 | ||
| 154421 | p,3475 | 365 | a-jaŋ | genial, kind, gentle (loving) | Bokar | 73 | 1.1.1.1 | Western Tani | 1 | Sun J 93 Tani | JS-Tani | 0 | ||
| 402637 | p,3475 | 1820 | a◦jaŋ | love / like | Bokar | 73 | 1.1.1.1 | Western Tani | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 1126.24 | 0 | |
| 1801 | p,3475,s | 1070 | a-yan-ma | love | Milang | 74 | 1.1.1.2 | Eastern Tani | 1 | Tayeng 76 Mil | AT-MPB | 0 | ||
| 1203 | p,3475,s | 1070 | a-yan-ma | dear (beloved) | Milang | 74 | 1.1.1.2 | Eastern Tani | 1 | Tayeng 76 Mil | AT-MPB | 0 | ||
| 2025 | p,3475,m,m,m,m | 1070 | a-yan-myaŋ-pok-ɟak-ke | sympathize | Milang | 74 | 1.1.1.2 | Eastern Tani | 1 | Tayeng 76 Mil | AT-MPB | 0 | ||
| 1863 | p,3475,m,m,s | 1070 | a◦yan-cu-pok-ma | pity | Milang | 74 | 1.1.1.2 | Eastern Tani | 1 | Tayeng 76 Mil | AT-MPB | 0 | ||
| 667 | p,3475,s | 1070 | a◦yan-ma | beloved | Milang | 74 | 1.1.1.2 | Eastern Tani | 1 | Tayeng 76 Mil | AT-MPB | 0 | ||
| 1276 | p,3475,s | 1070 | a◦yan-ma | loving | Milang | 74 | 1.1.1.2 | Eastern Tani | 1 | Tayeng 76 Mil | AT-MPB | 0 | ||
| 833 | p,3475,s,m | 1070 | a◦yan-ma-nu | beneficient deity | Milang | 74 | 1.1.1.2 | Eastern Tani | 1 | Tayeng 76 Mil | AT-MPB | 0 | ||
| 855 | p,3475,m,m | 1070 | a◦yan-ɲi-ka | pious | Milang | 74 | 1.1.1.2 | Eastern Tani | 1 | Tayeng 76 Mil | AT-MPB | 0 | ||
| 1266 | p,3475,m,m | 1070 | a◦yan-ɟak-ce | kind | Milang | 74 | 1.1.1.2 | Eastern Tani | 1 | Tayeng 76 Mil | AT-MPB | 0 | ||
| 244861 | m,3475 | 790 | nri◦ye | love | v | Khoirao | 64 | 1.3.3 | Zeme Group | 1 | Marrison 67 Naga | GEM-CNL | 0 | |
| 244863 | 3470,3475 | 807 | ya◦yiang | love | v | Konyak | 85 | 1.7.2.2 | Konyak-Chang | 1 | Marrison 67 Naga | GEM-CNL | 0 | |
| 126513 | 3470,3475 | 319 | ʒɔ¹³ iɔ¹³ | copulate | v | Baima | 22 | 2.1.2 | Bodic | 1 | Sun H 91 Baim | SHK-BaimaQ | 10.2 | 1 |
| 214337 | 3475 | 1088 | jaŋ | want | Tsangla (Motuo) | 22 | 2.1.2 | Bodic | 1 | Sun H 91 ZMYY | ZMYYC | 674.7 | 0 | |
| 298562 | 3475 | 1093 | ʑiŋ³⁵ | love | Tshona (Wenlang) | 22 | 2.1.2 | Bodic | 1 | Lu 86 CuoM | JZ-CNMenba | 0 | ||
| 127111 | 3470,3475 | 1426 | jo◦je | copulate | Spiti | 24 | 2.1.2.1 | Tibetan | 1 | Bodh 91 | CB-SpitiQ | 10.2 | 0 | |
| 80875 | 3475 | 309 | jæ̱̃⁴⁴ | copulate | v. | Bai (Jianchuan) | 51 | 8 | Bai | 1 | Zhao 90 | ZYS-Bai | 10.2 | 0 |
癢 ‘itch’ ⪤ 痒 ‘disease’, OC *zi̯ɑng, GSR #732i,732r; Li 1971: *rang(x); Baxter 1992: *(l)jang(ʔ); Mand. yǎng ‘itch’, yáng ‘disease’.
Setting aside the question of semantics, this is a plausible comparison.
For other members of this phonetic series, Baxter reconstructs *z(l)ang, *k(l)ang and *kh(l)ang. The presence of medial *‑l‑ ties the pronunciation of these words together; but the medial is given in parentheses because it does not affect subsequent development and Baxter is probably doubtful about its presence. Li’s initial *r‑ has been revised to *l‑ by most scholars. Handel 1998 and Schuessler 2007 both reconstruct initial *j‑ in this situation.
This proposal parallels the comparison of Chinese 羊 *jang ‘sheep’ (Mand. yáng) with PTB *g‑yaŋ.
[ZJH]
Also S:53 causative