6.0 Verbs of Motion, of Manipulation, and of Production > 6.7 Movement > 6.7.6 Circularly

#2493 PTB *m/s-naːy TWIST / KNEAD / SOFTEN
Reconstructed mesoroots below:

French (1983:554) relates PNN *ɲaːy SOFT to this root. This is plausible in view of WB nai ‘knead with hands / trample with feet’, i.e. “soften up”.

French goes on to make a further association between SOFT and CHEAP, pointing to WB nai ‘knead’, and jhe‑nai ‘cheap’, analogous to an antonymous association within Northern Naga, e.g. Chang sek bu ‘expensive’ and sek ok bu ‘hard’.

This etymon seems definitely to be related to #434 PTB *s/ʔ‑n(w)ay COHESIVE / STICKY / ELASTIC.

rnanalysislgidreflexglossgfnlanguagegrpidgrpnogrpgeneticcitationsrcabbrsrcidrn
515531p,24932012m-naːytwist / knead*Tibeto-Burman20.1Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)0Matisoff 03 HPTBJAM-HPTB6040
303832493177naːyknead / twist*Tibeto-Burman20.1Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)0Matisoff 85 GSTCJAM-GSTC0610
722352493182naːytwist / knead*Tibeto-Burman20.1Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)0Benedict 72 STCSTC2860
52882424932031ŋajtwist / knead*Tangkhulic661.3.4Tangkhulic1Mortensen 12 TkDRM-Tk3810
525606m,24932023kʰə-nejtwist / kneadHuishu661.3.4Tangkhulic1Mortensen 12 TkDRM-TkVerbs.0600
525114m,24932022kʰə-nwetwist / kneadKachai661.3.4Tangkhulic1Mortensen 12 TkDRM-TkVerbs.0520
29466p,24931473khə◦naikneadTangkhul661.3.4Tangkhulic1Matisoff 85 GSTCJAM-GSTC0610
70888p,24931484khə◦naikneadTangkhul661.3.4Tangkhulic1Benedict 72 STCSTC2860
30590124931470nàykneadTangkhul661.3.4Tangkhulic1Bhat 69 TNVBhat-TNV910
526121p,24932025kʰə-najkneadUkhrul661.3.4Tangkhulic1Mortensen 12 TkDRM-Tk0
526789m,m,24932025kʰə-ŋə-najkneadUkhrul661.3.4Tangkhulic1Mortensen 12 TkDRM-Tk0
294672493160ñaːysoft*Northern Naga121.7.2Northern Naga/Konyakian1Matisoff 85 GSTCJAM-GSTC0610
791862493161ɲaːysoft*Northern Naga121.7.2Northern Naga/Konyakian1French 83WTF-PNN5540
249371p,2493,m429i◦nyai◦büsoftChang851.7.2.2Konyak-Chang1Marrison 67 NagaGEM-CNL0
2388092493,m807nyei◦pucheapKonyak851.7.2.2Konyak-Chang1Marrison 67 NagaGEM-CNL0
24939424931628naisoftWancho851.7.2.2Konyak-Chang1Marrison 67 NagaGEM-CNL0
70886p,2493685mə◦naitwistJingpho371.7.3.1Jingpho1Benedict 72 STCSTC2860
42385724931823nɛ²²knead (dough)v.Burmese (Rangoon)446.1.1Burmish1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL1594.270
21213424931428nɛ²²knead (dough)Burmese (Spoken Rangoon)446.1.1Burmish1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC630.400
1462342493397hnâirub hair with limejuice to make softBurmese (Written)446.1.1Burmish1Matisoff 85 GSTCJAM-GSTC0970
4401082493406hnâirub ( hair ) with lime juice, etc., to make it softv.Burmese (Written)446.1.1Burmish1Benedict 76 WBurPKB-WBRD0
297712493397hnai'loosenBurmese (Written)446.1.1Burmish1Matisoff 85 GSTCJAM-GSTC0970
294652493397naiknead / twistBurmese (Written)446.1.1Burmish1Matisoff 85 GSTCJAM-GSTC0610
4401032493406naiknead with hands, or trample with feetBurmese (Written)446.1.1Burmish1Benedict 76 WBurPKB-WBRD0
708872493409năikneadBurmese (Written)446.1.1Burmish1Benedict 72 STCSTC2860
297702493397nai'loose, not firmBurmese (Written)446.1.1Burmish1Matisoff 85 GSTCJAM-GSTC0970
4401052493406naiʼloose, not firmBurmese (Written)446.1.1Burmish1Benedict 76 WBurPKB-WBRD0
42385624931822nɑj²knead (dough)v.Burmese (Written)446.1.1Burmish1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL1594.260
2121082493411nɑj²knead (dough)Burmese (Written)446.1.1Burmish1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC630.390