STEDT Etymon #1716
1.0 The Body > 1.3 Mouth and Throat > 1.3.1 Mouth > 1.3.1.3 Yawn/Gape
#1716 PTB *ha-y YAWN |
The reflexes show a certain amount of vocalic variation, only to be expected in such a sound-symbolic root.
There is a similar root #1715 PTB *m‑ha(ː)m ⪤ *kam YAWN, which should be kept distinct, since some languages (Nocte, Tangsa, Tamang) have compounds containing both etyma.
Several forms reflect a diphthongal rhyme *‑ay, either directly (Tangsa, Lalung, Thakali, Lahu) or indirectly via a fronted vowel (Apatani, Chokri, Karbi).
| rn | analysis | lgid | reflex | gloss | gfn | language | grpid | grpno | grp | genetic | citation | srcabbr | srcid | rn |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5418 | 1716,1715 | 134 | ha-haːm | yawn | v. | *Kuki-Naga-Chin | 3 | 1 | NE Indian Areal Group | 0 | Weidert 87 TBTo | AW-TBT | 484 | 0 |
| 22775 | 1716 | 1053 | ho | yawn | Miji | 3 | 1 | NE Indian Areal Group | 0 | Simon 79 Miji | IMS-Miji | 0 | ||
| 161264 | m,1716 | 285 | ge-he | yawn | Apatani | 73 | 1.1.1.1 | Western Tani | 1 | Sun J 93 Tani | JS-Tani | 0 | ||
| 161269 | m,1716 | 286 | ge-he | yawn | Apatani | 73 | 1.1.1.1 | Western Tani | 1 | Sun J 93 Tani | JS-Tani | 0 | ||
| 6934 | m,1716 | 283 | ²ge◦²he (²) | yawn | Apatani | 73 | 1.1.1.1 | Western Tani | 1 | Weidert 87 TBTo | AW-TBT | 981 | 0 | |
| 293358 | 1716 | 1509 | hào | yawn | Thado | 68 | 1.2.1.1 | Northern Chin | 1 | Thirumalai 72 | THI1972 | 56 | 0 | |
| 445184 | m,1716 | 1921 | pā-hā | yawn | v | Lakher [Mara] | 71 | 1.2.3 | Maraic | 1 | VanBik 09 PKC | KVB-PKC | 747 | 0 |
| 2506 | m,1716 | 870 | ²pə²ha | yawn | v. | Lakher [Mara] | 71 | 1.2.3 | Maraic | 1 | Weidert 87 TBTo | AW-TBT | 74 | 0 |
| 619176 | 1716 | 2229 | xa | YAWN | v. | *Central Naga | 63 | 1.3.1 | Central Naga (Ao Group) | 1 | Bruhn 14 PCN | DWB-PCN | III.017 | 0 |
| 618908 | 1716,p,m | 2228 | xa-m-sa | YAWN | *Ao | 63 | 1.3.1 | Central Naga (Ao Group) | 1 | Bruhn 14 PCN | DWB-PCN | II.135 | 0 | |
| 620202 | 1716,m,m | 2226 | wa¹mə²sa² | yawn | v. | Ao (Chungli) | 63 | 1.3.1 | Central Naga (Ao Group) | 1 | Bruhn 14 PCN | DWB-PCN | II.135 | 0 |
| 451505 | 1716,m | 1963 | hwà◦məsa | yawn [yawned] | v. | Ao (Mongsen: Mangmetong) | 63 | 1.3.1 | Central Naga (Ao Group) | 1 | Coupe 07 Ao | ARC-GMA | 0 | |
| 620464 | 1716,1715 | 2231 | ho³həm³- | yawn | v. | Lotha Naga | 63 | 1.3.1 | Central Naga (Ao Group) | 1 | Bruhn 14 PCN | DWB-PCN | III.017 | 0 |
| 316831 | 1716,1715 | 961 | hó◦hùm> | yawn | Lotha Naga | 63 | 1.3.1 | Central Naga (Ao Group) | 1 | Acharya 75 | ACH1975 | 0 | ||
| 617213 | 1716,m,s | 2220 | ho◦hü◦a | yawn | Lotha Naga | 63 | 1.3.1 | Central Naga (Ao Group) | 1 | Murry 78 | LLC-ALV | 139 | 0 | |
| 5424 | 1716,1715 | 962 | ³ho³hɯm(ʔ) | yawn | v. | Lotha Naga | 63 | 1.3.1 | Central Naga (Ao Group) | 1 | Weidert 87 TBTo | AW-TBT | 484 | 0 |
| 167419 | m,1716 | 487 | kü³¹ ha³³ | yawn | v | Chokri | 65 | 1.3.2 | Angami-Pochuri Group | 1 | Nienu 90 ChoQ | VN-ChkQ | 3.7.16 | 0 |
| 2507 | m,1716 | 421 | ²kɤ⁵he | yawn | v. | Chokri | 65 | 1.3.2 | Angami-Pochuri Group | 1 | Weidert 87 TBTo | AW-TBT | 74 | 0 |
| 6931 | m,1716 | 421 | ²kɤ⁵he | yawn | Chokri | 65 | 1.3.2 | Angami-Pochuri Group | 1 | Weidert 87 TBTo | AW-TBT | 981 | 0 | |
| 232586 | 1716 | 796 | ha | yawn | v. | Khezha | 65 | 1.3.2 | Angami-Pochuri Group | 1 | Yabu 94 Khö | SY-KhozhaQ | 3.7.16 | 0 |
| 5420 | p,1716 | 785 | ²e²xa | yawn | v. | Khezha | 65 | 1.3.2 | Angami-Pochuri Group | 1 | Weidert 87 TBTo | AW-TBT | 484 | 0 |
| 6932 | p,1716 | 1016 | ¹a⁴ha | yawn | Mao | 65 | 1.3.2 | Angami-Pochuri Group | 1 | Weidert 87 TBTo | AW-TBT | 981 | 0 | |
| 5421 | p,1716 | 1016 | ¹a⁵ha | yawn | v. | Mao | 65 | 1.3.2 | Angami-Pochuri Group | 1 | Weidert 87 TBTo | AW-TBT | 484 | 0 |
| 524852 | 1715,1716? | 2022 | ham-hwe | yawn | v. | Kachai | 66 | 1.3.4 | Tangkhulic | 1 | Mortensen 12 Tk | DRM-Tk | BodyParts.078 | 0 |
| 46988 | m,1716 | 1063 | ko◦hè- | gape / open mouth | v. | Mikir [Karbi] | 14 | 1.5 | Mikir [Karbi] | 1 | Grüssner 79 BP | KHG-MikirQ | 48 | 0 |
| 46989 | m,1716 | 1063 | ko◦hè- | yawn | v. | Mikir [Karbi] | 14 | 1.5 | Mikir [Karbi] | 1 | Grüssner 79 BP | KHG-MikirQ | 48 | 0 |
| 47774 | 1716,m,m,m | 880 | hai◦om ko◦na | yawn / gape | v. | Lalung [Tiwa] | 80 | 1.7.1.1 | Bodo | 1 | Balawan 65 | MB-Lal | 89 | 0 |
| 474222 | 1716,m | 1973 | ha◦jam- | yawn | v | Atong | 82 | 1.7.1.3 | Koch | 1 | van Breugel 08 Atong | SVB-GA | 0 | |
| 2505 | 1716,1715 | 1187 | ³ha³hʌm | yawn | v. | Nocte | 84 | 1.7.2.1 | Tangsa-Nocte | 1 | Weidert 87 TBTo | AW-TBT | 74 | 0 |
| 6927 | 1716,1715 | 1187 | ³ha³hʌm | yawn | Nocte | 84 | 1.7.2.1 | Tangsa-Nocte | 1 | Weidert 87 TBTo | AW-TBT | 981 | 0 | |
| 5228 | 1716,1715,m | 1187 | ³ha³hʌm ³ri | yawn | v. | Nocte | 84 | 1.7.2.1 | Tangsa-Nocte | 1 | Weidert 87 TBTo | AW-TBT | 368 | 0 |
| 2504 | 1715,1716 | 1488 | ²ham²hai | yawn | v. | Tangsa | 84 | 1.7.2.1 | Tangsa-Nocte | 1 | Weidert 87 TBTo | AW-TBT | 74 | 0 |
| 6928 | 1715,1716 | 1488 | ²ham²hai | yawn | Tangsa | 84 | 1.7.2.1 | Tangsa-Nocte | 1 | Weidert 87 TBTo | AW-TBT | 981 | 0 | |
| 126355 | 1716,1715 | 1455 | ¹ha-kam | yawn | v | Tamang (Risiangku) | 23 | 2.1.4 | Tamangish | 1 | Mazaudon 91 TamQ | MM-TamRisQ | 3.7.16 | 0 |
| 124145 | 1716,1715,s | 1464 | 'ha◦kʰam-pa | yawn | v. | Tamang (Sahu) | 23 | 2.1.4 | Tamangish | 1 | Taylor 72 TmVo | SIL-Sahu | 13.B.9 | 0 |
| 68863 | 1716 | 1531 | haj 'lɔ-lɔ | yawn | Thakali (Tukche) | 23 | 2.1.4 | Tamangish | 1 | Hari 71a ThVo | SIL-Thak | 2.B.2.9 | 0 | |
| 2508 | 1716,m,m,m,m | 1648 | ha◦baŋ◦ba-thak◦ma | yawn | v. | Yakha | 31 | 2.3.1 | Eastern Kiranti | 1 | Weidert 87 TBTo | AW-TBT | 74 | 0 |
| 132342 | 1716,m,m,m,m,m | 1644 | ha◦kɔm◦ba tak◦ma◦na | yawn | v | Yakha | 31 | 2.3.1 | Eastern Kiranti | 1 | Kohn 90 | TK-Yakha | 3.7.16 | 0 |
| 2509 | 1716,1715,m,m,m | 820 | ha◦kam◦a-mo◦ma | yawn | v. | Kulung | 76 | 2.3.2 | Southern Kiranti | 1 | Weidert 87 TBTo | AW-TBT | 74 | 0 |
| 61884 | 1716,1715,m | 822 | ha◦kam◦ma | yawn | Kulung | 76 | 2.3.2 | Southern Kiranti | 1 | Rai 75 Kul | RPHH-Kul | 0 | ||
| 49576 | 1716,1715,m | 1545 | ha◦kam◦a | yawn | Thulung | 30 | 2.3.4 | Western Kiranti | 1 | Allen 75 | NJA-Thulung | 0 | ||
| 128760 | p,1716 | 562 | dɑ³³ xɑ⁵⁵ | gape / open mouth | Ersu | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Sun H 91 ErsQ | SHK-ErsCQ | 0 | ||
| 128857 | 1716,m | 562 | xɑ⁵⁵ ŋ̩⁵⁵ | yawn | Ersu | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Sun H 91 ErsQ | SHK-ErsCQ | 0 | ||
| 129003 | 1716,1716,m | 594 | hø³³ hø⁵⁵ bi⁵⁵ | yawn | Guiqiong | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Sun H 91 GuiQ | SHK-GuiqQ | 0 | ||
| 407911 | 1716,1716,m | 1811 | hə³¹hə⁵⁵bi³⁵ | yawn | v. | Guiqiong | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 1243.16 | 0 |
| 407913 | 1716,m | 1813 | xa³⁵ mu³³ | yawn | v. | Lyuzu | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 1243.18 | 0 |
| 407910 | 1716,m,m,m | 1810 | χɑ⁵³ nɐ³³tɕə⁵⁵tɕi³³ | yawn | v. | Muya | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 1243.15 | 0 |
| 129904 | m,1716 | 1146 | lo³³xa³⁵ | gape / open mouth | v. | Namuyi | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Sun H 91 NamQ | SHK-NamuQ | 3.7.15 | 0 |
| 129905 | 1716,1716,m | 1146 | xa⁵⁵xa⁵⁵mɯ⁵⁵ | yawn | v. | Namuyi | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Sun H 91 NamQ | SHK-NamuQ | 3.7.16 | 0 |
| 407937 | 1716,1716,m | 1844 | χa⁵⁵χa⁵⁵ ŋu⁵³ | yawn | v. | Namuyi | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 1243.46 | 0 |
| 407905 | 1716,m | 1805 | xɑ¹¹xe¹¹ | yawn | v. | Pumi (Jiulong) | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 1243.10 | 0 |
| 510187 | 1716,1716,m | 1996 | hà há pù | yawn (onomat) | Qiang (Longxi) | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Evans 99 Qiang | JPE-SQiang | 1785 | 0 | |
| 510186 | 1716,m | 1997 | χà pú | yawn [b?-do] | Qiang (Mianchi) | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Evans 99 Qiang | JPE-SQiang | 1785 | 0 | |
| 131031 | m,1716 | 1408 | dʑi³³ hɑ³⁵ | gape / open mouth | Xumi | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Sun H 91 ShiQ | SHK-ShixQ | 0 | ||
| 407912 | 1716,m,m | 1812 | ha³³ji⁵⁵ tɕhũ⁵⁵ | yawn | v. | Xumi | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 1243.17 | 0 |
| 407909 | 1716,m,m | 1809 | ha¹³ mu⁵⁵tʂe³³ | yawn | v. | Zhaba (Daofu County) | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 1243.14 | 0 |
| 6925 | 1716 | 390 | há | yawn | Burmese (Written) | 44 | 6.1.1 | Burmish | 1 | Weidert 87 TBTo | AW-TBT | 981 | 0 | |
| 15500 | 1716 | 886 | xɔ:⁵³ | gape / open mouth | v. | Lashi | 44 | 6.1.1 | Burmish | 1 | Dai 89 Lash | DQ-Lashi | 3.7.15 | 0 |
| 15246 | 1716 | 1024 | xa³⁵ | gape / open mouth | v. | Maru [Langsu] | 44 | 6.1.1 | Burmish | 1 | Dai 89 Lang | DQ-Langsu | 3.7.15 | 0 |
| 6922 | 1716 | 151 | ha²/³ | yawn | *Loloish | 45 | 6.1.2 | Loloish | 1 | Weidert 87 TBTo | AW-TBT | 981 | 0 | |
| 11062 | 1716 | 152 | ha²/³ | yawn | *Loloish | 45 | 6.1.2 | Loloish | 1 | Bradley 79 PLo | DB-PLolo | 574-1 | 0 | |
| 13780 | 1716,m,m | 584 | xa²⁴ ji³¹ m³³ | yawn | v. | Gazhuo | 46 | 6.1.2.1 | Northern Loloish | 1 | Dai 89 Gazh | DQ-Gazhuo | 3.7.16 | 0 |
| 9332 | 1716,m,m | 878 | xɑ⁵⁵ u²¹ ʂa³³ | yawn | v. | Lalo | 46 | 6.1.2.1 | Northern Loloish | 1 | Chen 86 Yi | CK-YiQ | 3.7.16 | 0 |
| 16338 | 1716,m | 1216 | xɑ³³ tʂɯ̱⁵³ | yawn | Nusu (Central) | 46 | 6.1.2.1 | Northern Loloish | 1 | Dai 89 NusB | DQ-NusuB | 1723. | 0 | |
| 16090 | 1716,m | 1218 | xɑ³¹ tɕɯ̱³¹ | yawn | Nusu (Central/Zhizhiluo) | 46 | 6.1.2.1 | Northern Loloish | 1 | Dai 89 NusA | DQ-NusuA | 1723. | 0 | |
| 10032 | 1716,m | 1667 | ha³⁴-ʂɯ³³ | yawn | Yi (Xide) | 46 | 6.1.2.1 | Northern Loloish | 1 | Chen 79 YiCh | CSL-YIzd | 0 | ||
| 47361 | 1716 | 216 | xɑ⁵⁵ | yawn | v. | Ahi | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Luo 90 | LMZ-AhiQ | 3.7.16 | 0 |
| 14576 | 1716,1716 | 697 | xɤ⁵⁵ xɛ³¹ | yawn | Jinuo (Baka) | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Dai 89 JinB | DQ-JinB | 1785 | 0 | |
| 14348 | p,1716,m | 698 | ɤ⁵⁵ xɛ³¹ m̩³¹ | yawn | Jinuo (Baya/Banai) | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Dai 89 JinA | DQ-JinA | 1785 | 0 | |
| 11063 | 1716 | 492 | haiˇ/haˇ | yawn | *Common Lahu | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Bradley 79 PLo | DB-PLolo | 574-1 | 0 | |
| 622164 | 1716,m,m,m | 831 | há-mɨ̀ ~ hɛ́-mɨ̀| | yawn | Lahu (Black) | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Matisoff 88 DL | JAM-DL | 1063 | 0 | |
| 10731 | 273,1716 | 923 | hkrgh⁵hu³ | yawn | Lisu | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Bradley 79 PLo | DB-PLolo | 574-2 | 0 | |
| 33909 | 1716 | 1368 | ha 55| | yawn | Sani [Nyi] | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Matisoff 72 LTSR | JAM-TSR | 176a | 0 | |
| 16998 | 1716,m | 1365 | hɑ⁵⁵ tʂʰɑ¹¹ | yawn | v | Sani [Nyi] | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Ma 89 SanQ | MXL-SaniQ | 342.1 | 0 |
| 283827 | 1716,m | 1223 | hɑ⁵⁵tʂhɑ²¹ | yawn | Sani [Nyi] | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Chen 86 Yi | CK-YiQ | 3.7.16 | 0 |
See 呵 https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%91%B5