STEDT Etymon #1611
1.0 The Body > 1.9 Reproductive System > 1.9.6 Womb
#1611 PTB *kʷəy NEST / WOMB / PLACENTA |
Besides Lolo-Burmese, where it is widely attested (even in Jinuo), this etymon has solid reflexes in Qiangic (Shixing) and Bai. The suggested NE Indian Areal Group cognate (in Mao) is uncertain; this form might better be assigned to #1632 PTB *r‑ku ⪤ *kru NEST / UTERUS / AMNIOTIC SAC (above), like Angami kru. This root was reconstructed for PLB in Matisoff 1978b:6 (“Mpi and Lolo-Burmese microlinguistics”); cf. also Matisoff 1988a:917-8. This is a good example of the development of *labiovelar initials into Lahu labials, as also in DOG (PTB *kʷəy > Lahu phɨ̂); see also STC n. 83 (p. 26). Note the doublets in Hani (Khatu) and Naxi (Lijiang); the Naxi forms clearly show alternative labial and velar reflexes of the complex *labiovelar initial. Compounds for WOMB/PLACENTA typically have the structure CHILD + NEST. Compounds for SCROTUM have the structure TESTICLE + NEST.
| rn | analysis | lgid | reflex | gloss | gfn | language | grpid | grpno | grp | genetic | citation | srcabbr | srcid | rn |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 515272 | 1611 | 2012 | kʷəy | nest | *Tibeto-Burman | 2 | 0.1 | Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions) | 0 | Matisoff 03 HPTB | JAM-HPTB | 598 | 0 | |
| 172379 | p,1611 | 1017 | o◦kre | nest | Mao | 65 | 1.3.2 | Angami-Pochuri Group | 1 | Marrison 67 Naga | GEM-CNL | 0 | ||
| 362033 | m,1611 | 1812 | dʑyæ³³khuɛ⁵³ | nest (bird) | n | Xumi | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 0327.17 | 0 |
| 198762 | 1651,1611 | 1409 | dʑyɛ³³khuɐ⁵⁵ | nest | Xumi | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Sun H 91 ZMYY | ZMYYC | 368.20 | 0 | |
| 30836 | 1611 | 143 | kʷiy¹ | nest | *Lolo-Burmese | 42 | 6.1 | Lolo-Burmese | 1 | Matisoff 78 MLBM | JAM-MLBM | 7 | 0 | |
| 515273 | 1611 | 2011 | kʷəy¹ | nest | *Lolo-Burmese | 42 | 6.1 | Lolo-Burmese | 1 | Matisoff 03 HPTB | JAM-HPTB | 598 | 0 | |
| 198763 | 3442,1611 | 1658 | ŋa³³tɕhy³³ | nest | Yi (Dafang) | 46 | 6.1.2.1 | Northern Loloish | 1 | Sun H 91 ZMYY | ZMYYC | 368.22 | 0 | |
| 461727 | 1611 | 1962 | khɯ³³ | nest; roost (of birds) | Yi (Liangshan) | 46 | 6.1.2.1 | Northern Loloish | 1 | Ma 08 Yi | SIL-Nuosu | index | 0 | |
| 461794 | 1611,1611 | 1962 | khɯ³⁴khɯ³³ | nest | Yi (Liangshan) | 46 | 6.1.2.1 | Northern Loloish | 1 | Ma 08 Yi | SIL-Nuosu | index | 0 | |
| 198739 | m,m,m,1611 | 1662 | (xe³³zo²¹)i³³tɕhi³³ | nest | Yi (Mile) | 46 | 6.1.2.1 | Northern Loloish | 1 | Sun H 91 ZMYY | ZMYYC | 368.25 | 0 | |
| 198764 | 3442,1611 | 1664 | ŋᴀ̱³³tɕhi³³ | nest | Yi (Nanhua) | 46 | 6.1.2.1 | Northern Loloish | 1 | Sun H 91 ZMYY | ZMYYC | 368.24 | 0 | |
| 362053 | 3442,1611 | 1834 | ȵæ̱³³tɕhi³³ | nest (bird) | n | Yi (Nanhua) | 46 | 6.1.2.1 | Northern Loloish | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 0327.37 | 0 |
| 198738 | 1611,m | 1666 | khɯ⁵⁵ty⁵⁵ | nest | Yi (Nanjian) | 46 | 6.1.2.1 | Northern Loloish | 1 | Sun H 91 ZMYY | ZMYYC | 368.23 | 0 | |
| 362051 | 1606,1613,1611,m | 1832 | he³³tsɿ̄³³khɯ³⁴po³³ | nest (bird) | n | Yi (Xide) | 46 | 6.1.2.1 | Northern Loloish | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 0327.35 | 0 |
| 198737 | 1606,1613,1611,1611 | 1670 | he³³◦tsɿ̄ khɯ⁴⁴◦khɯ³³ | nest | Yi (Xide) | 46 | 6.1.2.1 | Northern Loloish | 1 | Sun H 91 ZMYY | ZMYYC | 368.21 | 0 | |
| 198769 | p,1611 | 696 | a³³khɯ³³ | nest | Jinuo | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Sun H 91 ZMYY | ZMYYC | 368.34 | 0 | |
| 362060 | 3442,m,p,1611 | 1842 | ŋa⁴⁴zɔ⁴⁴a³³khɯ⁴⁴ | nest (bird) | n | Jinuo | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 0327.44 | 0 |
| 301027 | 3442,m,1611 | 700 | ŋ̊ɑ⁴²zɔ⁴⁴khɤ⁴⁴ | nest | Jinuo (Youle) | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Gai 86 | JZ-Jinuo | 0 | ||
| 362059 | 3442,1611 | 1841 | ŋɑ⁵⁴phɯ³³ | nest (bird) | n | Lahu (Lancang) | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 0327.43 | 0 |
| 119002 | 545,1019,1611 | 832 | nī-sī-phɨ | scrotum | Lahu (Black) | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Matisoff 87 BP | JAM-Ety | 1 | ||
| 118962 | 545,1019,1611 | 832 | nī-sī-phɨ | scrotum | Lahu (Black) | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Matisoff 87 BP | JAM-Ety | 0 | ||
| 198743 | 1611 | 851 | phɯ³³ | nest | Lahu (Black) | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Sun H 91 ZMYY | ZMYYC | 368.33 | 0 | |
| 116362 | 1012,1611,m | 832 | yâ-phɨ(-tɛ) | placenta ("child-nest") | Lahu (Black) | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Matisoff 87 BP | JAM-Ety | 0 | ||
| 41521 | 1012,1611 | 850 | zɑ⁵³ phɯ³³ | placenta | Lahu (Black) | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Chang 86 | JZ-Lahu | 0 | ||
| 30549 | 5450,1611 | 835 | ɔ̀-pʰɨ | nest | Lahu (Black) | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Matisoff 78 MLBM | JAM-MLBM | 7 | 0 | |
| 302253 | 1611 | 856 | phɯ¹ | nest | Lahu (Yellow) | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Chang 86 | JZ-Lahu | 0 | ||
| 272068 | p,m,1611 | 946 | a⁵⁵næ⁵⁵khɤ³³ | nest of crow | Lisu (Northern) | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Bradley 94 Lisu | DB-Lisu | 0 | ||
| 274327 | m,1611 | 946 | ji⁵⁵khɤ³³ | lair; nest | N | Lisu (Northern) | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Bradley 94 Lisu | DB-Lisu | 0 | |
| 198740 | 1611 | 942 | khɯ³³ | nest | Lisu | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Sun H 91 ZMYY | ZMYYC | 368.27 | 0 | |
| 276526 | 1611 | 946 | khɤ³³ | nest; brood | N | Lisu (Northern) | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Bradley 94 Lisu | DB-Lisu | 0 | |
| 285896 | 3442,1611 | 943 | nyá²-hkrgh⁵ | nest (bird's) | Lisu (Central) | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Fraser 22 | JF-HLL | 0 | ||
| 116416 | 1012,1611 | 925 | ra⁵ hkrgh⁵ | womb | Lisu | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Matisoff 87 BP | JAM-Ety | 0 | ||
| 286760 | 1012,1611 | 943 | ra⁵ hkrgh⁵ | womb | Lisu (Central) | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Fraser 22 | JF-HLL | 0 | ||
| 276067 | m,m,m,1611 | 946 | tɕæ³³mæ³⁵ɣɔʔ²¹ khɤ³³ | swallow's nest | Lisu (Northern) | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Bradley 94 Lisu | DB-Lisu | 0 | ||
| 280748 | 1012,1611 | 946 | za²¹khɯ³³ | womb | Lisu (Northern) | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Bradley 94 Lisu | DB-Lisu | 0 | ||
| 132843 | 1611 | 228 | gý | nest | Akha | 48 | 6.1.2.3 | Southern Loloish | 1 | Hansson 89 AHKP | ILH-PL | 303 | 0 | |
| 136366 | 1606,1611 | 243 | ja-gý | chicken nest | Akha (Thai) | 48 | 6.1.2.3 | Southern Loloish | 1 | Hansson 89 AHKP | ILH-PL | 303 | 0 | |
| 136361 | 1606,1611 | 244 | xha gý | chicken nest | Akha (Yunnan) | 48 | 6.1.2.3 | Southern Loloish | 1 | Hansson 89 AHKP | ILH-PL | 303 | 0 | |
| 136363 | 1606,1611 | 633 | xha gý | chicken nest | Hani (Lüchun) | 48 | 6.1.2.3 | Southern Loloish | 1 | Hansson 89 AHKP | ILH-PL | 303 | 0 | |
| 132845 | 1611,1611 | 784 | khý/tjhí | nest | Hani (Khatu) | 48 | 6.1.2.3 | Southern Loloish | 1 | Hansson 89 AHKP | ILH-PL | 303 | 0 | |
| 136364 | 1606,1611 | 784 | xha khý | chicken nest | Hani (Khatu) | 48 | 6.1.2.3 | Southern Loloish | 1 | Hansson 89 AHKP | ILH-PL | 303 | 0 | |
| 132847 | 1611 | 1115 | khɯ⁶ | nest | Mpi | 48 | 6.1.2.3 | Southern Loloish | 1 | Hansson 89 AHKP | ILH-PL | 303 | 0 | |
| 30548 | p,1611 | 1117 | ʔɑ²-kʰɯ⁶ | nest | Mpi | 48 | 6.1.2.3 | Southern Loloish | 1 | Matisoff 78 MLBM | JAM-MLBM | 7 | 0 | |
| 436751 | p,1611 | 1120 | ʔɑ²khɯ⁶ | nest | n. | Mpi | 48 | 6.1.2.3 | Southern Loloish | 1 | Srinuan 76 | SD-MPD | 0 | |
| 517621 | 1611 | 1999 | kʰɯ˥ | nest | Laze (Xiangjiao) | 43 | 6.2 | Naxi | 1 | Michaud 06 NaLaze | AM-NaLaze1 | 3877 | 0 | |
| 514411 | m,m,1611 | 1998 | v˩dze˩kʰv˩˧ | nest | Na (Yongning) | 43 | 6.2 | Naxi | 1 | Michaud 06 NaLaze | AM-NaLaze1 | 0 | ||
| 198741 | 1611 | 1676 | khv¹³ | nest | Naxi (Yongning) | 43 | 6.2 | Naxi | 1 | Sun H 91 ZMYY | ZMYYC | 368.29 | 0 | |
| 198766 | 1611,1611 | 908 | khɯ³¹; phy³¹ | nest | Naxi (Lijiang) | 43 | 6.2 | Naxi | 1 | Sun H 91 ZMYY | ZMYYC | 368.28 | 2 | |
| 362061 | m,1611 | 1843 | kv̩²¹khə⁵⁵ | nest (bird) | n | Naxi | 43 | 6.2 | Naxi | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 0327.45 | 0 |
| 498244 | 1611 | 1981 | pwì̤ | nest | N | Kayan (Pekon) | 50 | 7 | Karenic | 1 | Manson 10 Kayan | KM-Kayan | 0 | |
| 499235 | 1604,1611 | 1981 | tʰó̤◦pwì̤ | bird's nest [lit. bird-nest] | N | Kayan (Pekon) | 50 | 7 | Karenic | 1 | Manson 10 Kayan | KM-Kayan | 0 | |
| 309194 | m,1611 | 1235 | wâ pwì | nest | Pa-O | 50 | 7 | Karenic | 1 | Solnit 89 PaO | DBS-PaO | 0 | ||
| 198744 | m,1611 | 314 | tso⁴⁴khv³¹ | nest | Bai (Dali) | 51 | 8 | Bai | 1 | Sun H 91 ZMYY | ZMYYC | 368.35 | 0 | |
| 198770 | 1611 | 317 | khv³¹ | nest | Bai (Jianchuan) | 51 | 8 | Bai | 1 | Sun H 91 ZMYY | ZMYYC | 368.36 | 0 |
窠 ‘burrow, nest’; GSR: not in #351; Li 1971: (*khwar); Baxter 1992: (*kʷhaj); Mand. kē.
This character is not in GSR and is not reconstructed by either Li or Baxter. Based on its phonetic element and its Middle Chinese reading, however, its OC reconstruction is not in doubt. The word occurs in the Shuowen Jiezi, attesting to its existence in the first century AD. The Shuowen entry reads 空也。從穴。果聲。一曰鳥巢也。在樹曰巢。在穴曰窠。 (“Empty. [The character is formed] from [semantic element] 穴 and 果 is the phonetic. Another meaning is bird’s nest. When in a tree it is called cháo, in a cave it is called kē.”) The element 果 depicts an object in a tree and is part of the pictograph in 巢, Mand. cháo ‘nest’. In 窠 it may be serving as a semantic as well as a phonetic element.
The connection with PTB was proposed by Handel (1998). It establishes a correspondence between PTB labiovelar initials and Chinese labiovelar initials. The vowel correspondence, however, is problematic, since PTB final *əy usually corresponds to OC *‑id (Li)/*‑əj (Baxter); see the examples under the discussion for #300 PTB *d(w)əy EGG / TESTICLE.
[ZJH]
Also cf. S268 簋