1.0 The Body > 1.6 Diffuse Organs > 1.6.5 Skin

#590 PTB *p(y)ik SKIN / PEEL

Reconstructed mesoroots below:

Several Bodo-Garo forms begin with a syllable bi(ŋ), which superficially resembles this root. However, R. Burling points out that this is merely a prefix which occurs with many body part terms, e.g. Garo bi‑bik ‘intestines’, bi‑bil ‘afterbirth’, bi‑gil ‘skin; bark; peel; pod; leather’, bi‑gron ‘testicle’, bi‑ka ‘liver’, bi‑kit ‘gall bladder’, bi‑mang ‘body of person or thing; shape, form; middle portion of an object, such as a glass’, bi‑rot ‘pimple, boil, pox’; also Meche biŋgur, bigur ‘skin’. See Burling 2003.

The first syllables of Tshona (Mama) phe⁵⁵ khu⁵³ ‘skin’ and WT pʻyi srin ‘vermin living on skin’ also superficially resemble this etymon, but are really a different morpheme meaning ‘outside’. See Jäschke (1881:348-50). Thus, ‘vermin living on skin’ means lit. “outside vermin”.

A few Karenic forms (Pa-O ʼbeŋ¹, Pho (Delta) ɓẽ⁴, Sgaw ɓẽ⁴ ‘skin, bark’) point to a final nasal, but these could well reflect a different etymon. The morphemic identity of the second syllables of Karen (Sgaw/Hinthada) a³¹ be̱³¹ and pʰi⁵⁵ be̱³¹ ‘skin’ remains obscure.

rnanalysislgidreflexglossgfnlanguagegrpidgrpnogrpgeneticcitationsrcabbrsrcidrn
227445901053pʰriʔskinMiji31NE Indian Areal Group0Simon 79 MijiIMS-Miji0
35616p,273,590659a◦ka◦bilip(lower)Idu61.1.2Deng1Pulu 78JP-Idu0
1644775901122pei²skinMru151.6Mru1Luce 85GHL-PPBQ.680
1644765901122pei⁴skinMru151.6Mru1Luce 85GHL-PPBQ.680
1194145901123pikskinMru151.6Mru1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
304621p,590665mə◦phikskin, barkJili371.7.3.1Jingpho1Benedict 72 STCSTC145n3920
41203p,590679a³¹ phjiʔ³¹skinJingpho371.7.3.1Jingpho1Liu 84JZ-Jingpo0
171309590669hpiskinJingpho371.7.3.1Jingpho1Marrison 67 NagaGEM-CNL0
119371590671hpyiskinJingpho371.7.3.1Jingpho1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
115313682,590671myìʔ-hpyieye socket / eyelidJingpho371.7.3.1Jingpho1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
144759545,590668ne³¹phjiʔ³¹foreskin / prepucen.Jingpho371.7.3.1Jingpho1Dai 83 JingDQ-Jingpho0
41202590679phjiʔ³¹skinJingpho371.7.3.1Jingpho1Liu 84JZ-Jingpo0
3588335901814phjiʔ³¹skinnJingpho371.7.3.1Jingpho1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0265.190
193548590690phjiʔ³¹skinJingpho371.7.3.1Jingpho1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC266.470
119372p,590671ə-hpyiskinJingpho371.7.3.1Jingpho1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
66179590,s604piq◦bapeelGurung (Ghachok)232.1.4Tamangish1Glover 72 GuVoSIL-Gur7.B.1.130
66181m,590,s604pʰi piq◦bapeelGurung (Ghachok)232.1.4Tamangish1Glover 72 GuVoSIL-Gur7.B.1.14 1
119383585,590602Tuh-biskinGurung (Ghachok)232.1.4Tamangish1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
271288585,590,792,m596Tuh◦bi plā:bāqskinvGurung232.1.4Tamangish1Hale 73 CSDAH-CSDPN03b.310
48086596,590603³ʈu◦biskinGurung (Ghachok)232.1.4Tamangish1Mazaudon 78 TamMM-K78420
178051590600¹pʰipeel, barknGurung (Ghachok)232.1.4Tamangish1Mazaudon 94 TheseMM-Thesis6470
64588585,590604ʈuh◦biskinGurung (Ghachok)232.1.4Tamangish1Glover 72 GuVoSIL-Gur1.280
65912585,590,792,m604ʈu◦hbi plaː◦baqskinv.Gurung (Ghachok)232.1.4Tamangish1Glover 72 GuVoSIL-Gur3.B.310
80011590,s999piː¹ bapeelVManang (Gyaru)232.1.4Tamangish1Nagano 84 ManYN-Man1660
1780675901003²pʰiː-peelManang (Prakaa)232.1.4Tamangish1Mazaudon 94 TheseMM-Thesis6490
209975901002¹pʰiː-peelManang (Prakaa)232.1.4Tamangish1Hoshi 84HM-Prak03430
126311682,5901455²miː-¹pʰiːeyelidnTamang (Risiangku)232.1.4Tamangish1Mazaudon 91 TamQMM-TamRisQ3.4.10
1780545901456²pʰiːpeelvTamang (Risiangku)232.1.4Tamangish1Mazaudon 94 TheseMM-Thesis6480
1780465901456¹pʰiːbark / peel / skinTamang (Risiangku)232.1.4Tamangish1Mazaudon 94 TheseMM-Thesis6470
126346477,5901455¹suŋ-¹pʰiːlipn compTamang (Risiangku)232.1.4Tamangish1Mazaudon 91 TamQMM-TamRisQ3.90
124453590,s1464'pʰiː-papeel (to strip skin with hav.Tamang (Sahu)232.1.4Tamangish1Taylor 72 TmVoSIL-Sahu18.A.140
117347477,5901459sung phi:lipTamang (Sahu)232.1.4Tamangish1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
123035477,5901464suŋ◦pʰiːlipTamang (Sahu)232.1.4Tamangish1Taylor 72 TmVoSIL-Sahu2.240
1780625901462²pʰiːpeel (to strip skin with havTamang (Sahu)232.1.4Tamangish1Mazaudon 94 TheseMM-Thesis6490
1780655901524⁵⁴pʰibark / peel / skinThakali (Marpha)232.1.4Tamangish1Mazaudon 94 TheseMM-Thesis6490
677725901531pʰihusk (corn)Thakali (Tukche)232.1.4Tamangish1Hari 71a ThVoSIL-Thak4.A.280
168418590,m1531pʰi-lɔpeel (potatoes, fruit, etc.)Thakali (Tukche)232.1.4Tamangish1Hari 71a ThVoSIL-Thak7.B.1.13 10
168417590,m1531pʰi-lɔpeel (out of shells)Thakali (Tukche)232.1.4Tamangish1Hari 71a ThVoSIL-Thak7.B.1.15 10
178064590,m1530²pʰipeel (out of shells)Thakali (Tukche)232.1.4Tamangish1Mazaudon 94 TheseMM-Thesis6490
1780635901530ᴴpʰibark, peelThakali (Tukche)232.1.4Tamangish1Mazaudon 94 TheseMM-Thesis6490
79427442,590,s328do-pheʔ◦walipBantawa762.3.2Southern Kiranti1Rai 84 BnDcWW-Bant240
117378442,590,s325do◦pheʔ◦walipBantawa762.3.2Southern Kiranti1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
128823596,590562ndʐo⁵⁵ pi⁵⁵skinErsu343.2Qiangic1Sun H 91 ErsQSHK-ErsCQ0
193559596,590561ndʐo⁵⁵pi⁵⁵skinErsu343.2Qiangic1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC266.180
128785686,476,596,590562sɿ⁵⁵ mphɑ⁵⁵ ndʐo⁵⁵ pi⁵⁵lipErsu343.2Qiangic1Sun H 91 ErsQSHK-ErsCQ 2
192386686,476,596,590561sɿ⁵⁵nphɑ⁵⁵ndʐo⁵⁵pi⁵⁵lipErsu343.2Qiangic1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC243.180
507030596,5901996ɹà piàskin, hideQiang (Longxi)343.2Qiangic1Evans 99 QiangJPE-SQiang3310
506606596,5901996ɹà piáskin (human)Qiang (Longxi)343.2Qiangic1Evans 99 QiangJPE-SQiang1500
507609596,590,m1996ɹà piá-phòleather jacket [skin-clothes]Qiang (Longxi)343.2Qiangic1Evans 99 QiangJPE-SQiang6320
129307448,5901319dʐa pihide / leather (dried animal sQiang (Mawo)343.2Qiangic1Sun H 91 MawQSHK-MawoQ8.2.60
193554m,596,5901320nə ɹə piskinQiang (Mawo)343.2Qiangic1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC266.80
43170m,596,5901317nə◦ɹə◦piskinQiang (Mawo)343.2Qiangic1Sun H 81 QiaJZ-Qiang0
129142386,m,m,596,5901319qə pa◦tʂ ɹa◦biscalpQiang (Mawo)343.2Qiangic1Sun H 91 MawQSHK-MawoQ2.80
129295596,5901319ɹa◦piskinQiang (Mawo)343.2Qiangic1Sun H 91 MawQSHK-MawoQ8.20
37525596,5901316ɹə◦piskinQiang (Mawo)343.2Qiangic1Sun J 86 MawoJS-Mawo0
358822596,5901852ɹɛ piɛskinnQiang (Mawo)343.2Qiangic1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0265.080
351163591,5901852ʴuɛ piɛskinnQiang (Mawo)343.2Qiangic1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0120.080
507281m,596,5901997phò-ʐà piábark of tree [tree-skin]Qiang (Mianchi)343.2Qiangic1Evans 99 QiangJPE-SQiang4690
5076381226,596,590,m1997tshé-ʐà-phà dʐàsheepskin vest [sheep-skin-vest]Qiang (Mianchi)343.2Qiangic1Evans 99 QiangJPE-SQiang6470
507029596,5901997ʐà piáskin, hideQiang (Mianchi)343.2Qiangic1Evans 99 QiangJPE-SQiang3310
507637596,590,m,m1997ʐà piá-phà dʐàleather jacket (Qiang vest) [skin-vest]Qiang (Mianchi)343.2Qiangic1Evans 99 QiangJPE-SQiang6470
507610596,590,m1997ʐà piá-phùleather clothing [skin-clothes]Qiang (Mianchi)343.2Qiangic1Evans 99 QiangJPE-SQiang6320
17923596,5901325ʐe piskin (animal)Qiang (Yadu)343.2Qiangic1Dai 89 QianDQ-QiangN3310
15701385,590958v̩⁵⁵ phi³¹scalpLolopho456.1.2Loloish1Dai 89 LoloDQ-Lolopho2.80
13784m,m,590584ni³¹ na³²³ piɛ⁵⁵lipGazhuo466.1.2.1Northern Loloish1Dai 89 GazhDQ-Gazhuo3.90
9340467,456,590878m̩²¹ lɑ³³ pʰɪ̱³³lipLalo466.1.2.1Northern Loloish1Chen 86 YiCK-YiQ3.90
9745467,5901164ȵɪ̱²¹ pe̱³³lipNesu466.1.2.1Northern Loloish1Chen 86 YiCK-YiQ3.90
42352467,5901220n̥i³¹ bə⁵⁵lipNusu (Southern)466.1.2.1Northern Loloish1Sun J 86 NusuJZ-Nusu0
193563596,5901663dʑi⁵⁵phi⁵⁵skinYi (Mojiang)466.1.2.1Northern Loloish1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC266.260
43787467,456,5901665mu̪²¹ la³³ pʰi²¹lipYi (Nanjian)466.1.2.1Northern Loloish1Chen 85 YiJZJZ-Yi0
16925m,5901365n̩⁵⁵ pʰɿ³³lipSani [Nyi]476.1.2.2Central Loloish1Ma 89 SanQMXL-SaniQ322.60
192366467,590,m1676nv³³bi³³li³³lipNaxi (Yongning)436.2Naxi1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC243.290
126611467,590,m1157nv³³bi³³li⁵⁵lipNaxi (Eastern)436.2Naxi1He 85JZ-Naxi0
349401467,5901843nv̩⁵⁵bi²¹lipnNaxi436.2Naxi1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0085.450
129471467,5901159nv⁵⁵bi³¹lipNaxi (Western)436.2Naxi1He 85JZ-Naxi0
192391467,590908nv⁵⁵bi³¹lipNaxi (Lijiang)436.2Naxi1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC243.280
193564596,590908ɣɯ³³phi³¹skinNaxi (Lijiang)436.2Naxi1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC266.280
5292925902038pheɁᴰbark, leather, skinn.*Karen507Karenic1Luangthongkum 13TL-PK120
5296285902039phiɁ²bark, leather, skinn.*Karen [Burling]507Karenic1Luangthongkum 13TL-PK120
57590590125phiʔskin*Karen (Sgaw)507Karenic1Jones 61RBJ-KLS5540
57586590123phɛ́ʔskin*Karen (Pwo)507Karenic1Jones 61RBJ-KLS5540
166728590413-pheskin, hide, bark, scalesnBwe507Karenic1Henderson 97 KarEJAH-BKD0
166731590,586413-phe-kóskin, outer coveringnBwe507Karenic1Henderson 97 KarEJAH-BKD0
166732590,586413-phe-kúskin, outer coveringnBwe507Karenic1Henderson 97 KarEJAH-BKD0
166605386,590413ko-pheskin of the scalpnBwe507Karenic1Henderson 97 KarEJAH-BKD0
5309585902044phe³³bark, leather, skinn.Bwe507Karenic1Luangthongkum 13TL-PK120
161846590415pʻe²skin, peel, barkBwe (Western)507Karenic1Luce 85GHL-PPBH.1250
164024590415pʻe²skin, barkBwe (Western)507Karenic1Luce 85GHL-PPBJ.2420
164021590415ɓe²skin, barkBwe (Western)507Karenic1Luce 85GHL-PPBJ.2420
166729p,590,p,m413ə-phe də-blɔ̀skin / hide (portion of)Bwe507Karenic1Henderson 97 KarEJAH-BKD0
166730p,590,p,m413ə-phe tə-ɓeskin / hide (whole)Bwe507Karenic1Henderson 97 KarEJAH-BKD0
164022590588be²skin, barkGeba507Karenic1Luce 85GHL-PPBJ.2420
164025590588pʻe²skin, barkGeba507Karenic1Luce 85GHL-PPBJ.2420
161847590588pʻe³skin, peel, barkGeba507Karenic1Luce 85GHL-PPBH.1250
1640262658,590588θi¹ pʻi²skin, barkGeba507Karenic1Luce 85GHL-PPBJ.2420
351205p,5901849a³¹be̱³¹skinnKaren507Karenic1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0120.500
358864590,m1849phi⁵⁵be̱³¹skinnKaren507Karenic1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0265.500
5306615902043pha⁵⁵bark, leather, skinn.Kayah507Karenic1Luangthongkum 13TL-PK120
5312045902045phe³³bark, leather, skinn.Kayaw507Karenic1Luangthongkum 13TL-PK120
161848p,5901233ă◦pʻeʔ³skin, peel, barkPa-O (Northern)507Karenic1Luce 85GHL-PPBH.1250
5298265902040pheɁ²¹bark, leather, skinn.Pa-O (Northern)507Karenic1Luangthongkum 13TL-PK120
3102485901235skin of human, fruitPa-O507Karenic1Solnit 89 PaODBS-PaO0
1193655901237skinPa-O507Karenic1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
575855901242skinPa-O507Karenic1Jones 61RBJ-KLS5540
3046245901759piskin, barkPa-O507Karenic1Benedict 72 STCSTC145n3930
310251590,m1235pì phróʔskin, generalPa-O507Karenic1Solnit 89 PaODBS-PaO0
1640235901233ʼbeŋ¹skin, barkPa-O (Northern)507Karenic1Luce 85GHL-PPBJ.2420
1618455901254pʻi¹skin, peel, barkPaku507Karenic1Luce 85GHL-PPBH.1250
1640205901254ɓe³skin, barkPaku507Karenic1Luce 85GHL-PPBJ.2420
5321315902048phaiɁ⁴⁵bark, leather, skinn.Pwo (Northern)507Karenic1Luangthongkum 13TL-PK120
5324125902049phaiɁ³¹bark, leather, skinn.Pwo (Southern)507Karenic1Luangthongkum 13TL-PK120
3046225901750phiʔskin, barkPwo507Karenic1Benedict 72 STCSTC145n3930
1618435901273pʻæʔ¹skin, peel, barkPwo (Delta)507Karenic1Luce 85GHL-PPBH.1250
1640185901273ɓẽ⁴skin, barkPwo (Delta)507Karenic1Luce 85GHL-PPBJ.2420
161842p,5901280ə̆◦pʻɑiʔ³skin, peel, barkPwo (Tenasserim)507Karenic1Luce 85GHL-PPBH.1250
1193675901269phɛ̀ʔskinPwo (Bassein)507Karenic1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
575885901272phɛ̀ʔskinPwo (Bassein)507Karenic1Jones 61RBJ-KLS5540
1193665901275phàiʔskinPwo (Moulmein)507Karenic1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
575875901279phàiʔskinPwo (Moulmein)507Karenic1Jones 61RBJ-KLS5540
5318325902047phaiɁ²¹bark, leather, skinn.Sgaw (Southern)507Karenic1Luangthongkum 13TL-PK120
5315205902046phiɁ⁴⁵bark, leather, skinn.Sgaw (Northern)507Karenic1Luangthongkum 13TL-PK120
3046235901755phiʔskin, barkKaren (Sgaw)507Karenic1Benedict 72 STCSTC145n3930
1618445901389pʻiʔ²skin, peel, barkSgaw507Karenic1Luce 85GHL-PPBH.1250
1640195901389ɓẽ⁴skin, barkSgaw507Karenic1Luce 85GHL-PPBJ.2420
1193705901393phiʔskinSgaw (Bassein)507Karenic1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
575925901394phiʔskinSgaw (Bassein)507Karenic1Jones 61RBJ-KLS5540
14934590,m746pʰi⁵⁵ be̱³¹skinKaren (Sgaw/Hinthada)507Karenic1Dai 89 KarBDQ-KarenB150.10
15001590,m746pʰi⁵⁵ be̱³¹skin (animal)Karen (Sgaw/Hinthada)507Karenic1Dai 89 KarBDQ-KarenB3150
1193695901397phiʔskinSgaw (Moulmein)507Karenic1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
575915901399phiʔskinSgaw (Moulmein)507Karenic1Jones 61RBJ-KLS5540
14719590747pʰi̱ʔ⁵⁵skinKaren (Sgaw/Yue)507Karenic1Dai 89 KarADQ-KarenA1500
14757590747pʰi̱ʔ⁵⁵skin (animal)Karen (Sgaw/Yue)507Karenic1Dai 89 KarADQ-KarenA3310
3260585901793pe 7|skin, peelnBai (Dali)518Bai1Dell 81Dell-Bai3030
193542590314pe²¹skinBai (Dali)518Bai1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC266.350
210729590314pe²¹skin / flayvBai (Dali)518Bai1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC603.350
38984590313pe̱²¹skinBai (Dali)518Bai1Xu 84 BaiJZ-Bai0
19198590312pe⁷skinn.Bai (Dali)518Bai1Dell 81FD-Baipp.150-1690
38965442,590313tɕui³³ pe̱²¹lipBai (Dali)518Bai1Xu 84 BaiJZ-Bai0
19271m,590312ue³ pe⁷eyelidBai (Dali)518Bai1Dell 81FD-Baipp.150-1690
193568590317pe²¹skinBai (Jianchuan)518Bai1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC266.360
210755590317pe²¹skin / flayvBai (Jianchuan)518Bai1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC603.360
39124590316pe̱²¹skinBai (Jianchuan)518Bai1Xu 84 BaiJZ-Bai0
80806590309pe̱²¹skinBai (Jianchuan)518Bai1Zhao 90ZYS-Bai8.20
148736590309pe̱²¹hide / leather (dried animal skin)Bai (Jianchuan)518Bai1Zhao 90ZYS-Bai8.2.60
3588625901846pe⁴²skinnBai (Jianchuan)518Bai1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0265.480
403493590,m,5901846pe⁴² (ŋə⁴²pe⁴²)skin (cattle)vBai (Jianchuan)518Bai1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL1144.480
39098442,590316tɕui³³ pe̱²¹lipBai (Jianchuan)518Bai1Xu 84 BaiJZ-Bai0
8058133,590309ŋuĩ³³ pe̱²¹eyelidBai (Jianchuan)518Bai1Zhao 90ZYS-Bai3.4.10

^ 1.
Gurung pʰi ‘peel, bark (n.)’.
^ 2.
Ersu sɿ⁵⁵ mphɑ⁵⁵ ‘mouth’; ndʐo⁵⁵ pi⁵⁵ ‘skin’.