STEDT Etymon #586

See *kok STC #342 and n. 229. The allofam with medial labial is reconstructed on the basis of the Chourasya, Thulung, and rGyalrong forms. The r‑ prefix is reconstructed based on the rGyalrong forms. The initial reflexes of this etymon vary from k‑ to h‑.

The WB form cannot descend from the variant with medial *‑wa‑, since that would have given WB ‑wa‑.

rn	analysis	lgid	reflex	gloss	gfn	language	grpid	grpno	grp	genetic	citation	srcabbr	srcid	rn
77444	586	168	khwak	skin / leather		*Sino-Tibetan	1	0	Sino-Tibetan (previously published reconstructions)	0	Coblin 86	WSC-SH	134	0
7532	586	175	(r-)kwâk\|	skin		*Tibeto-Burman	2	0.1	Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)	0	Weidert 87 TBTo	AW-TBT	170	0
19937	586	174	(r-)kwɑ̂k\|	leather		*Tibeto-Burman	2	0.1	Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)	0	Chou 72	ACST	774i	0
20148	586	174	kok	bark / rind / skin		*Tibeto-Burman	2	0.1	Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)	0	Chou 72	ACST	1226a	0
7531	586	175	kok	skin		*Tibeto-Burman	2	0.1	Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)	0	Weidert 87 TBTo	AW-TBT	170	0
529212	586	2032	kok	outer covering / bark (n.) / rind / skin		*Tibeto-Burman	2	0.1	Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)	0	Mortensen 12 Tk	DRM-Tk		0
515200	586	2012	kok	outer covering / bark / rind / skin	n	*Tibeto-Burman	2	0.1	Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)	0	Matisoff 03 HPTB	JAM-HPTB	596	0
31284	586	178	kok	bark / covering (outer)		*Tibeto-Burman	2	0.1	Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)	0	Matisoff 83 TIL	JAM-TIL	33	0
72291	586	182	kok	skin, bark, rind		*Tibeto-Burman	2	0.1	Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)	0	Benedict 72 STC	STC	342	0
77447	586	183	kwâk	skin / leather		*Tibeto-Burman	2	0.1	Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)	0	Coblin 86	WSC-SH	134	0
515201	586	2012	r-\|kwa(ː)k	outer covering		*Tibeto-Burman	2	0.1	Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)	0	Matisoff 03 HPTB	JAM-HPTB	596	0
283294	586	173	kruk	outer covering		*Tani	5	1.1.1	Tani	1	Sun J 93 HCST	JS-HCST	285	0
158809	p,238,m,586	286	(a-lo) ja-kʰrju	skeleton		Apatani	73	1.1.1.1	Western Tani	1	Sun J 93 Tani	JS-Tani		0
158611	p,m,m,586	286	a-ji pa-kʰrju	shell		Apatani	73	1.1.1.1	Western Tani	1	Sun J 93 Tani	JS-Tani		0
158816	p,586	285	à-xu	skin (of seed)		Apatani	73	1.1.1.1	Western Tani	1	Sun J 93 Tani	JS-Tani		0
158828	1425,586	286	dĩ-kʰrju	skull		Apatani	73	1.1.1.1	Western Tani	1	Sun J 93 Tani	JS-Tani		0
153461	m,1654,m,586	285	pà-pu pa-xu	egg shell		Apatani	73	1.1.1.1	Western Tani	1	Sun J 93 Tani	JS-Tani		0
174005	m,586	287	pa-xrju	outer covering		Apatani	73	1.1.1.1	Western Tani	1	Sun J 93 HCST	JS-HCST		1
153462	m,586	285	pa-xu	egg shell		Apatani	73	1.1.1.1	Western Tani	1	Sun J 93 Tani	JS-Tani		0
158972	p,6109,m,586	285	tà-no pà-xu	snail shell		Apatani	73	1.1.1.1	Western Tani	1	Sun J 93 Tani	JS-Tani		0
174006	m,586	333	ka-kuk	outer covering		Bengni	73	1.1.1.1	Western Tani	1	Sun J 93 HCST	JS-HCST		2
157233	2658,591,586,m	334	siŋ-pin kuk-lin	peel (e.g. bark)		Bengni	73	1.1.1.1	Western Tani	1	Sun J 93 Tani	JS-Tani		0
157237	2658,591,586,m	334	siŋ-pin kuk-luː	peel and fall off		Bengni	73	1.1.1.1	Western Tani	1	Sun J 93 Tani	JS-Tani		0
151070	p,2658,m,586	334	ɯ-siŋ ka-kuk	bark		Bengni	73	1.1.1.1	Western Tani	1	Sun J 93 Tani	JS-Tani		0
489274	p,586	1979	a◦kuk	bark (of tree)	n.	Galo	73	1.1.1.1	Western Tani	1	Rɨbaa,Post,et al. 09	GLDC-GED		0
494394	p,586	1979	a◦kuk	skin (of fruit)	n.	Galo	73	1.1.1.1	Western Tani	1	Rɨbaa,Post,et al. 09	GLDC-GED		0
44858	p,586	564	a◦kuk	shell		Galo	73	1.1.1.1	Western Tani	1	Das Gupta 63 Gal	KDG-IGL		0
44860	p,586	564	a◦kuk	bark		Galo	73	1.1.1.1	Western Tani	1	Das Gupta 63 Gal	KDG-IGL		0
490866	m,586	1979	pɨ◦kuk	eggshell	n.	Galo	73	1.1.1.1	Western Tani	1	Rɨbaa,Post,et al. 09	GLDC-GED		0
489411	p,m,m,586	1979	ta◦mul-mul◦kuk	betelnut husk	n.	Galo	73	1.1.1.1	Western Tani	1	Rɨbaa,Post,et al. 09	GLDC-GED		0
489271	2658,586	1979	`hɨɨ◦kuk	bark	n.	Galo	73	1.1.1.1	Western Tani	1	Rɨbaa,Post,et al. 09	GLDC-GED		0
489230	6665?,p,586	1979	`əə-a◦kuk	bamboo husk	n.	Galo	73	1.1.1.1	Western Tani	1	Rɨbaa,Post,et al. 09	GLDC-GED		0
22350	586,m	1078	huk◦tu	leather coat armour		Miri, Hill	73	1.1.1.1	Western Tani	1	Simon 76 Miri	IMS-HMLG		0
1032	p,586	1070	a◦cuk	bark		Milang	74	1.1.1.2	Eastern Tani	1	Tayeng 76 Mil	AT-MPB		0
1853	p,586,m,m,m,m	1070	a◦cuk lu-pe-ge-ma	peel		Milang	74	1.1.1.2	Eastern Tani	1	Tayeng 76 Mil	AT-MPB		0
170457	586	1597	hok¹/hoʔ³\|	skin	v	Tiddim	68	1.2.1.1	Northern Chin	1	Bhaskararao 94 TCV	PB-TCV		0
170465	586	1597	hoːk¹	skin	v	Tiddim	68	1.2.1.1	Northern Chin	1	Bhaskararao 94 TCV	PB-TCV		0
150218	682,586	1112	mìk◦kòʔ	eyelid		Moyon	72	1.2.4	“Old Kuki”	0	Kosha 90	DK-Moyon	3.4.1	0
47156	586,781	1063	òk-rèng	hide / leather		Mikir [Karbi]	14	1.5	Mikir [Karbi]	1	Grüssner 79 BP	KHG-MikirQ	34	0
56090	586	803	kʰoʔ	peel		Kokborok	80	1.7.1.1	Bodo	1	Tripuri 88	PT-Kok		0
474666	586	1973	khok-	remove (skin, bark, peel, dress etc.)	v	Atong	82	1.7.1.3	Koch	1	van Breugel 08 Atong	SVB-GA		0
41170	681,586,363	679	mjiʔ³¹ ko̱³³ mun³³	eyebrow		Jingpho	37	1.7.3.1	Jingpho	1	Liu 84	JZ-Jingpo		0
115368	682,586	671	myìʔ kaw	brow ridge; supraorbital ridge		Jingpho	37	1.7.3.1	Jingpho	1	Matisoff 87 BP	JAM-Ety		0
115367	682,586,363	671	myìʔ kaw-mun	eyebrow		Jingpho	37	1.7.3.1	Jingpho	1	Matisoff 87 BP	JAM-Ety		0
119443	586	490	kwak	leather		Chourasya	18	2	Himalayish	0	Matisoff 87 BP	JAM-Ety		0
76410	586,s	488	kwak-te	skin		Chourasya	18	2	Himalayish	0	Coblin 86	WSC-SH	134	0
303796	586,m,586,m	1727	kwak-te/kok-te	skin		Chourasya	18	2	Himalayish	0	Benedict 72 STC	STC	74n229	0
13034	586,588	329	xhaʔ⁵⁵ baʔ⁵⁵	skin		Tibetan (Batang)	24	2.1.2.1	Tibetan	1	Dai 89 Bata	DQ-Batang	8.2	0
13036	586,m	329	xhaʔ⁵⁵ tsha⁵³	blemish on skin		Tibetan (Batang)	24	2.1.2.1	Tibetan	1	Dai 89 Bata	DQ-Batang	8.2.3	0
119390	586,785	702	kok-tenq	skin		Tibetan (Jirel)	24	2.1.2.1	Tibetan	1	Matisoff 87 BP	JAM-Ety		0
3210	586,s	1562	kog-pa	skin		Tibetan (Written)	24	2.1.2.1	Tibetan	1	Weidert 87 TBTo	AW-TBT	170	0
71124	m,586	1578	phyi-kog	bark		Tibetan (Written)	24	2.1.2.1	Tibetan	1	Benedict 72 STC	STC	342	3
3209	586,s	1562	skog-pa	shell / rind		Tibetan (Written)	24	2.1.2.1	Tibetan	1	Weidert 87 TBTo	AW-TBT	170	0
71123	586,s,586,s	1578	skog-pa ⪤ kog-pa	skin, bark, rind		Tibetan (Written)	24	2.1.2.1	Tibetan	1	Benedict 72 STC	STC	342	0
533361	586	2068	kak	skin, bark		*Kiranti	29	2.3	Kiranti	1	Opgenort 11 Tilung	JRO-Tilung		0
143905	586	129	kok	skin		*Kiranti	29	2.3	Kiranti	1	Michailovsky 91 Kr	BM-PK7	157	0
3213	34,586	783	sa◦ko	skin		Kharmile	29	2.3	Kiranti	1	Weidert 87 TBTo	AW-TBT	170	0
477553	586,m	1975	hok◦wa	skin, bark		Athpare (Rai)	31	2.3.1	Eastern Kiranti	1	Ebert 97 Athpare	KE-GA		0
119384	586,782	913	hok-rik	skin		Limbu	31	2.3.1	Eastern Kiranti	1	Matisoff 87 BP	JAM-Ety		0
76052	586,782	911	hoː◦rik	skin, bark		Limbu	31	2.3.1	Eastern Kiranti	1	Michailovsky 89 Lm	BM-Lim		0
143903	586,782	912	hoː◦rik	skin		Limbu	31	2.3.1	Eastern Kiranti	1	Michailovsky 91 Kr	BM-PK7	157	0
143902	586	912	hɔk	skin (of a nut, inside the shell)		Limbu	31	2.3.1	Eastern Kiranti	1	Michailovsky 91 Kr	BM-PK7	157	0
148689	586	1878	hɔk	skin (of a nut, inside shell), sheath		Limbu	31	2.3.1	Eastern Kiranti	1	Driem 88? LimA	SVD-LimA		0
3191	586,782,s	910	[hoː◦rik◦pa]	skin		Limbu	31	2.3.1	Eastern Kiranti	1	Weidert 87 TBTo	AW-TBT	170	0
499516	586,782,s	910	[hoː◦riʔ◦pa]	skin		Limbu	31	2.3.1	Eastern Kiranti	1	Weidert 87 TBTo	AW-TBT	170	0
3192	586,782	910	[hu◦rik]	skin		Limbu	31	2.3.1	Eastern Kiranti	1	Weidert 87 TBTo	AW-TBT	170	0
499517	586,782	910	[hu◦riʔ]	skin		Limbu	31	2.3.1	Eastern Kiranti	1	Weidert 87 TBTo	AW-TBT	170	0
3215	p,586,s	321	(u-)hok◦wa	skin		Bantawa	76	2.3.2	Southern Kiranti	1	Weidert 87 TBTo	AW-TBT	170	0
499515	p,586,s	321	(u-)hoʔ◦wa	skin		Bantawa	76	2.3.2	Southern Kiranti	1	Weidert 87 TBTo	AW-TBT	170	0
79448	586,s	328	hok-wa	skin		Bantawa	76	2.3.2	Southern Kiranti	1	Rai 84 BnDc	WW-Bant	29	0
3216	586,s	321	houʔ-wa	skin		Bantawa	76	2.3.2	Southern Kiranti	1	Weidert 87 TBTo	AW-TBT	170	0
119441	586,s	325	hoʔ-wa	skin		Bantawa	76	2.3.2	Southern Kiranti	1	Matisoff 87 BP	JAM-Ety		0
143901	586,s	323	hoʔ◦wa	skin		Bantawa	76	2.3.2	Southern Kiranti	1	Michailovsky 91 Kr	BM-PK7	157	0
51175	586,s	327	hoʔ◦wa	skin / bark		Bantawa	76	2.3.2	Southern Kiranti	1	Rai 85 BnDs	NKR-Bant		0
79559	34,586,s	328	sa-hok◦wa	leather		Bantawa	76	2.3.2	Southern Kiranti	1	Rai 84 BnDc	WW-Bant	62	0
79662	586,562,s	425	hu◦lep◦pa	skin		Chamling	76	2.3.2	Southern Kiranti	1	Winter 85	WW-Cham	15	0
3214	790,586	820	so◦go	skin		Kulung	76	2.3.2	Southern Kiranti	1	Weidert 87 TBTo	AW-TBT	170	0
61862	790,586,m	822	so◦ko◦warə	skin		Kulung	76	2.3.2	Southern Kiranti	1	Rai 75 Kul	RPHH-Kul		0
119440	586,448	301	kok-te	skin		Bahing	30	2.3.4	Western Kiranti	1	Matisoff 87 BP	JAM-Ety		0
71125	586,448	305	kok-te	skin		Bahing	30	2.3.4	Western Kiranti	1	Benedict 72 STC	STC	342	0
143898	586,s	307	kok◦te	skin		Bahing	30	2.3.4	Western Kiranti	1	Michailovsky 91 Kr	BM-PK7	157	0
3218	586,s	298	kɔk◦tɛ	skin		Bahing	30	2.3.4	Western Kiranti	1	Weidert 87 TBTo	AW-TBT	170	0
144780	2658,586,s	301	siŋ-kok-te	bark	n	Bahing	30	2.3.4	Western Kiranti	1	Matisoff 87 BP	JAM-Ety		0
303795	2658,586,s	305	siŋ-kok-te	bark		Bahing	30	2.3.4	Western Kiranti	1	Benedict 72 STC	STC	74n229	0
120214	586,m	641	kuk◦tsho	skin, bark, husk, peel	n	Hayu	30	2.3.4	Western Kiranti	1	Michailovsky 89 H2	BM-Hay	84.198	0
143897	586,585	643	kuk◦tsho	skin		Hayu	30	2.3.4	Western Kiranti	1	Michailovsky 91 Kr	BM-PK7	157	0
119393	586,585	644	kuk◦tsho	skin		Hayu	30	2.3.4	Western Kiranti	1	Matisoff 87 BP	JAM-Ety		0
49842	586	1545	kok-	strip <peel>		Thulung	30	2.3.4	Western Kiranti	1	Allen 75	NJA-Thulung		0
119423	586,p,448	1543	kok-å◦te	skin		Thulung	30	2.3.4	Western Kiranti	1	Matisoff 87 BP	JAM-Ety		0
146817	586,m	1545	kok◦sa	skin on heated milk, crust on cooked food		Thulung	30	2.3.4	Western Kiranti	1	Allen 75	NJA-Thulung		0
143899	586,s	1542	kok◦te	skin		Thulung	30	2.3.4	Western Kiranti	1	Michailovsky 91 Kr	BM-PK7	157	0
49843	586,m	1545	kok◦te	skin, bark, peel		Thulung	30	2.3.4	Western Kiranti	1	Allen 75	NJA-Thulung		0
303797	586,m,586,m	1761	kwok-si/kok-si	skin		Thulung	30	2.3.4	Western Kiranti	1	Benedict 72 STC	STC	74n229	0
3217	586,s	1541	kɔk◦tɛ	skin		Thulung	30	2.3.4	Western Kiranti	1	Weidert 87 TBTo	AW-TBT	170	0
50628	686,586,448	1545	si◦kok◦te	lip		Thulung	30	2.3.4	Western Kiranti	1	Allen 75	NJA-Thulung		0
117373	686,586,m,448	1543	sī◦ko◦kaʔ◦te	lip		Thulung	30	2.3.4	Western Kiranti	1	Matisoff 87 BP	JAM-Ety		0
129911	476,686,m,586	1146	mpʰ◦sɿ⁵◦⁵ɦəʴ³³◦qu⁵⁵	lip		Namuyi	34	3.2	Qiangic	1	Sun H 91 NamQ	SHK-NamuQ	3.9	0
509838	596,586	1996	ɹà qá	skin	v.	Qiang (Longxi)	34	3.2	Qiangic	1	Evans 99 Qiang	JPE-SQiang	1648	0
509836	596,586	1997	ʐá qà	skin	v.	Qiang (Mianchi)	34	3.2	Qiangic	1	Evans 99 Qiang	JPE-SQiang	1648	0
17853	442,586	1325	zde◦ku̥	lip		Qiang (Yadu)	34	3.2	Qiangic	1	Dai 89 Qian	DQ-QiangN	111	0
131088	586	1408	ɣɐ³⁵	skin		Xumi	34	3.2	Qiangic	1	Sun H 91 ShiQ	SHK-ShixQ		0
130601	p,3425,586	617	tə◦mbu r̥qʰu	foreskin		rGyalrong (Northern)	78	3.3.1	rGyalrong	1	Sun H 91 rNQ	SHK-rGNQ	10.3.3	0
130544	m,m,m,586	617	tə◦rme ə r̥qʰu	skin		rGyalrong (Northern)	78	3.3.1	rGyalrong	1	Sun H 91 rNQ	SHK-rGNQ	8.2	0
130233	m,5673,589,586	616	tʃi◦wjo wu◦r̥kʰo	scales (of fish)		rGyalrong (Eastern)	78	3.3.1	rGyalrong	1	Sun H 91 rEQ	SHK-rGEQ	8.2.5	0
303798	m,586	611	we◦rkhwak	skin (its-)		rGyalrong	78	3.3.1	rGyalrong	1	Benedict 72 STC	STC	74n229	0
76411	m,586	613	we◦rkhwak	its skin		rGyalrong	78	3.3.1	rGyalrong	1	Coblin 86	WSC-SH	134	0
515199	586	2011	ʔ-\|gukᴸ	outer covering / bark / rind / skin	n	*Lolo-Burmese	42	6.1	Lolo-Burmese	1	Matisoff 03 HPTB	JAM-HPTB	596	0
167792	586	146	ʔguk	outer covering / bark / skin / peel		*Lolo-Burmese	42	6.1	Lolo-Burmese	1	Matisoff 72 LTSR	JAM-TSR	71(b)	0
167791	586	146	ʔkuk	outer covering / bark / skin / peel		*Lolo-Burmese	42	6.1	Lolo-Burmese	1	Matisoff 72 LTSR	JAM-TSR	71(a)	0
144783	586	146	ʔkuk/ʔguk\|	skin	n	*Lolo-Burmese	42	6.1	Lolo-Burmese	1	Matisoff 72 LTSR	JAM-TSR	71	0
38545	p,586	201	ɑ³¹ khok⁵⁵	scales		Achang (Lianghe)	44	6.1.1	Burmish	1	Dai 85 AcJZ	JZ-Achang		0
13125	471,586	370	nɔ̱t⁵⁵ ka̱uʔ	lip		Bola	44	6.1.1	Burmish	1	Dai 89 Bola	DQ-Bola	108	0
349388	471,586	1829	nɔ̱t⁵⁵ka̱uʔ⁵⁵	lip	n	Bola (Luxi)	44	6.1.1	Burmish	1	Huang and Dai 92 TBL	TBL	0085.32	0
13164	34,586	370	ʃă³⁵ ka̱uʔ⁵⁵	skin		Bola	44	6.1.1	Burmish	1	Dai 89 Bola	DQ-Bola	147	0
13223	34,586	370	ʃă³⁵ ka̱uʔ⁵⁵	skin (human or animal)		Bola	44	6.1.1	Burmish	1	Dai 89 Bola	DQ-Bola	315	0
358846	34,586	1829	ʃă³⁵ka̱uʔ⁵⁵	skin	n	Bola (Luxi)	44	6.1.1	Burmish	1	Huang and Dai 92 TBL	TBL	0265.32	0
349383	471,586	1823	n̥oʔ⁴khɑ̃⁵⁵	lip	n	Burmese (Rangoon)	44	6.1.1	Burmish	1	Huang and Dai 92 TBL	TBL	0085.27	0
192397	471,586	1428	n̥oʔ⁴⁴khɑ̃⁵⁵	lip		Burmese (Spoken Rangoon)	44	6.1.1	Burmish	1	Sun H 91 ZMYY	ZMYYC	243.40	0
303799	586	409	-khauk	skin		Burmese (Written)	44	6.1.1	Burmish	1	Benedict 72 STC	STC	74n229	0
71126	p,586	409	a◦khauk	skin, bark, rind		Burmese (Written)	44	6.1.1	Burmish	1	Benedict 72 STC	STC	342	0
3211	p,586	390	ə◦khauk	skin		Burmese (Written)	44	6.1.1	Burmish	1	Weidert 87 TBTo	AW-TBT	170	0
349387	471,586	1828	na̱t⁵⁵ka̱uk⁵⁵	lip	n	Langsu (Luxi)	44	6.1.1	Burmish	1	Huang and Dai 92 TBL	TBL	0085.31	0
358845	34,586	1828	ʃɔ̆³⁵ka̱uk⁵⁵	skin	n	Langsu (Luxi)	44	6.1.1	Burmish	1	Huang and Dai 92 TBL	TBL	0265.31	0
15457	681,586	886	mjɔʔ³¹ ku̱k⁵⁵	eyelid		Lashi	44	6.1.1	Burmish	1	Dai 89 Lash	DQ-Lashi	3.4.1	0
15507	471,586	886	nua̱t⁵⁵ ku̱k⁵⁵	lip		Lashi	44	6.1.1	Burmish	1	Dai 89 Lash	DQ-Lashi	3.9	0
15606	34,586	886	ʃǒ⁵⁵ ku̱k⁵⁵	skin		Lashi	44	6.1.1	Burmish	1	Dai 89 Lash	DQ-Lashi	8.2	0
15613	34,586	886	ʃə̌⁵⁵ ku̱k⁵⁵	hide / leather		Lashi	44	6.1.1	Burmish	1	Dai 89 Lash	DQ-Lashi	8.2.6	0
349389	471,586	1830	nua̱t⁵⁵ku̱k⁵⁵	lip	n	Leqi (Luxi)	44	6.1.1	Burmish	1	Huang and Dai 92 TBL	TBL	0085.33	0
358847	34,586	1830	sə̆⁵⁵kuk⁵⁵	skin	n	Leqi (Luxi)	44	6.1.1	Burmish	1	Huang and Dai 92 TBL	TBL	0265.33	0
351188	34,586	1830	ʃŏ⁵⁵ku̱k⁵⁵	skin	n	Leqi (Luxi)	44	6.1.1	Burmish	1	Huang and Dai 92 TBL	TBL	0120.33	0
15253	471,586	1024	na̱t⁵⁵ ka̱uk⁵⁵	lip		Maru [Langsu]	44	6.1.1	Burmish	1	Dai 89 Lang	DQ-Langsu	3.9	0
192373	471,586	1034	na̱t⁵⁵ka̱uk⁵⁵	lip		Maru [Langsu]	44	6.1.1	Burmish	1	Sun H 91 ZMYY	ZMYYC	243.43	0
15254	m,471,586	1024	thɔʔ⁵⁵ na̱t⁵⁵ ka̱uk⁵⁵	upper lip		Maru [Langsu]	44	6.1.1	Burmish	1	Dai 89 Lang	DQ-Langsu	3.9.1	0
15255	p,471,586	1024	ɔ³¹ na̱t⁵⁵ ka̱uk⁵⁵	lower lip		Maru [Langsu]	44	6.1.1	Burmish	1	Dai 89 Lang	DQ-Langsu	3.9.2	0
15364	34,586	1024	ʃɔ̆³⁵ ka̱uk⁵⁵	hide / leather		Maru [Langsu]	44	6.1.1	Burmish	1	Dai 89 Lang	DQ-Langsu	8.2.6	0
358844	586	1827	ku̱ʔ⁵⁵	skin	n	Atsi [Zaiwa]	44	6.1.1	Burmish	1	Huang and Dai 92 TBL	TBL	0265.30	0
44048	471,586	1686	nu̱t⁵⁵ ku̱ʔ⁵⁵	lip		Atsi [Zaiwa]	44	6.1.1	Burmish	1	Xu 84 Zaiwa	JZ-Zaiwa		0
349386	471,586	1827	nu̱t⁵⁵ku̱ʔ⁵⁵	lip	n	Atsi [Zaiwa]	44	6.1.1	Burmish	1	Huang and Dai 92 TBL	TBL	0085.30	0
192398	471,586	1693	nu̱t⁵⁵ku̱ʔ⁵⁵	lip		Atsi [Zaiwa]	44	6.1.1	Burmish	1	Sun H 91 ZMYY	ZMYYC	243.42	0
44069	34,586	1686	ʃŏ²¹ ku̱ʔ⁵⁵	skin		Atsi [Zaiwa]	44	6.1.1	Burmish	1	Xu 84 Zaiwa	JZ-Zaiwa		0
358867	34,586	1827	ʃŏ²¹ku̱ʔ⁵⁵	skin	n	Atsi [Zaiwa]	44	6.1.1	Burmish	1	Huang and Dai 92 TBL	TBL	0265.30	0
193571	34,586	1693	ʃŏ²¹ku̱ʔ⁵⁵	skin		Atsi [Zaiwa]	44	6.1.1	Burmish	1	Sun H 91 ZMYY	ZMYYC	266.42	0
15712	681,586,m	958	me̱⁴⁴ kɯ⁵⁵ phæ³³	eyebrow		Lolopho	45	6.1.2	Loloish	1	Dai 89 Lolo	DQ-Lolopho	3.4.3	4
311505	586	1790	ʔkuk/ʔguk	skin		PNL	45	6.1.2	Loloish	1	Chen 86 CS	CK-CS	48.	0
13742	m,m,34,586	584	ji³¹ tsɿ³³ sa³¹ khɯ⁵⁵	scalp		Gazhuo	46	6.1.2.1	Northern Loloish	1	Dai 89 Gazh	DQ-Gazhuo	2.8	5
13844	34,586	584	sa²¹ khɯ⁵⁵	skin		Gazhuo	46	6.1.2.1	Northern Loloish	1	Dai 89 Gazh	DQ-Gazhuo	8.2	0
351202	34,586	1845	sa³¹khɯ⁵⁵	skin	n	Gazhuo	46	6.1.2.1	Northern Loloish	1	Huang and Dai 92 TBL	TBL	0120.47	0
13849	1455,586	584	ŋa²¹ khɯ⁵⁵	scales (of fish)		Gazhuo	46	6.1.2.1	Northern Loloish	1	Dai 89 Gazh	DQ-Gazhuo	8.2.5	0
363043	1455,586	1845	ŋa³¹khɯ⁵⁵	scale	Nbp	Gazhuo	46	6.1.2.1	Northern Loloish	1	Huang and Dai 92 TBL	TBL	0352.47	0
292440	m,586	879	àːǹ-khyq	scale (fish)		Lalo	46	6.1.2.1	Northern Loloish	1	Björverud 94	SB-Lalo		0
9490	681,586	1148	na̱²¹ ko̱²¹	eyelid		Nasu	46	6.1.2.1	Northern Loloish	1	Chen 86 Yi	CK-YiQ	3.4.1	0
9705	681,586	1164	ȵɪ̱³³ kɤ̱³³	eyelid		Nesu	46	6.1.2.1	Northern Loloish	1	Chen 86 Yi	CK-YiQ	3.4.1	0
358848	586,596	1831	khu̱⁵³ɣɹi³³	skin	n	Nusu (Central)	46	6.1.2.1	Northern Loloish	1	Huang and Dai 92 TBL	TBL	0265.34	0
42658	586,596	1217	kʰu³¹ ɹi³⁵	skin		Nusu (Central)	46	6.1.2.1	Northern Loloish	1	Sun J 86 Nusu	JZ-Nusu		0
42375	586,596	1220	kʰu³¹ ɹi³⁵	skin		Nusu (Southern)	46	6.1.2.1	Northern Loloish	1	Sun J 86 Nusu	JZ-Nusu		0
16056	586,1454	1218	kʰu̱³¹ sɿ³¹	scales		Nusu (Central/Zhizhiluo)	46	6.1.2.1	Northern Loloish	1	Dai 89 NusA	DQ-NusuA	409.	0
16293	586,596	1216	kʰu̱³¹ ɣʴi³³	skin (animal)		Nusu (Central)	46	6.1.2.1	Northern Loloish	1	Dai 89 NusB	DQ-NusuB	315.	0
15988	586,596	1218	kʰu̱³¹ ɣʴi³⁵	skin		Nusu (Central/Zhizhiluo)	46	6.1.2.1	Northern Loloish	1	Dai 89 NusA	DQ-NusuA	147.	0
16043	586,596	1218	kʰu̱³¹ ɣʴi³⁵	skin (animal)		Nusu (Central/Zhizhiluo)	46	6.1.2.1	Northern Loloish	1	Dai 89 NusA	DQ-NusuA	315.	0
16236	586,596	1216	kʰu̱⁵³ ɣʴi³³	skin		Nusu (Central)	46	6.1.2.1	Northern Loloish	1	Dai 89 NusB	DQ-NusuB	147.	0
42514	586,596	1219	kʰu⁵⁵ ɹɿ³¹	skin		Nusu (Northern)	46	6.1.2.1	Northern Loloish	1	Sun J 86 Nusu	JZ-Nusu		0
10138	592,586	1667	bu̱³³-ku̱³³	scales (fish)		Yi (Xide)	46	6.1.2.1	Northern Loloish	1	Chen 79 YiCh	CSL-YIzd		0
10182	592,586	1667	bu̱³³-ku̱³³	skin		Yi (Xide)	46	6.1.2.1	Northern Loloish	1	Chen 79 YiCh	CSL-YIzd		0
10362	m,592,586	1667	hɯ³³-bu̱³³-ku̱³³	scales		Yi (Xide)	46	6.1.2.1	Northern Loloish	1	Chen 79 YiCh	CSL-YIzd		0
363031	m,592,586	1832	hɯ³³bu̱³³ku̱³³	scale	Nbp	Yi (Xide)	46	6.1.2.1	Northern Loloish	1	Huang and Dai 92 TBL	TBL	0352.35	0
14225	p,586	698	a⁴⁴ kʰo³¹	skin		Jinuo (Baya/Banai)	47	6.1.2.2	Central Loloish	1	Dai 89 JinA	DQ-JinA	150	0
14289	p,586	698	a⁴⁴ kʰo³¹	skin (animal)		Jinuo (Baya/Banai)	47	6.1.2.2	Central Loloish	1	Dai 89 JinA	DQ-JinA	331	0
14533	p,586	697	a⁴⁴ kʰu³¹	skin (animal)		Jinuo (Baka)	47	6.1.2.2	Central Loloish	1	Dai 89 JinB	DQ-JinB	331	0
40948	467,586	699	mi⁴⁴ kʰu⁴⁴	lip		Jinuo (Buyuan)	47	6.1.2.2	Central Loloish	1	Gai 86	JZ-Jinuo		0
14183	467,586	698	mø⁴⁴ kʰo³¹	lip		Jinuo (Baya/Banai)	47	6.1.2.2	Central Loloish	1	Dai 89 JinA	DQ-JinA	111	0
41008	467,586	700	m̥ø⁴⁴ kʰo⁴²	lip		Jinuo (Youle)	47	6.1.2.2	Central Loloish	1	Gai 86	JZ-Jinuo		0
14473	467,586	697	m̥ø⁴⁴ kʰu³¹	lip		Jinuo (Baka)	47	6.1.2.2	Central Loloish	1	Dai 89 JinB	DQ-JinB	111	0
41032	p,586	700	ɑ⁴⁴ kʰo⁴²	skin		Jinuo (Youle)	47	6.1.2.2	Central Loloish	1	Gai 86	JZ-Jinuo		0
40960	p,586	699	ɑ⁴⁴ kʰu⁴⁴	skin		Jinuo (Buyuan)	47	6.1.2.2	Central Loloish	1	Gai 86	JZ-Jinuo		0
284445	p,596,586	1703	aw˯◦gui˯◦k'uˉ	skin		Lahu (Nyi)	47	6.1.2.2	Central Loloish	1	Bradley 79 Lahu	DB-Lahu	134	0
71127	5450,586	844	ɔ̀-qú	bark		Lahu	47	6.1.2.2	Central Loloish	1	Benedict 72 STC	STC	342	0
117604	695,512,586	832	làʔ-šɛ̄-qú	fingernail		Lahu (Black)	47	6.1.2.2	Central Loloish	1	Matisoff 87 BP	JAM-Ety		0
41497	681,586,363	850	mɛʔ⁵⁴ qv̩³⁵ mv̩³³	eyebrow		Lahu (Black)	47	6.1.2.2	Central Loloish	1	Chang 86	JZ-Lahu		0
115372	681,586,363	832	mɛ̂ʔ-qú-mu	eyebrow		Lahu (Black)	47	6.1.2.2	Central Loloish	1	Matisoff 87 BP	JAM-Ety		0
514640	711,695,586,711,695,586	831	tō-làʔ-qú ~ tɔ̄-làʔ-qú	wing		Lahu (Black)	47	6.1.2.2	Central Loloish	1	Matisoff 88 DL	JAM-DL	640	0
119374	5450,596,586	832	ɔ̀-gɨ̀(-qú)	skin		Lahu (Black)	47	6.1.2.2	Central Loloish	1	Matisoff 87 BP	JAM-Ety		0
284540	p,596,586	846	aw˯◦geu˯◦k'uˉ	skin		Lahu (Bakeo)	47	6.1.2.2	Central Loloish	1	Bradley 79 Lahu	DB-Lahu	134	0
284595	p,596,586	847	aw˯◦gi˯◦kuˉ	skin		Lahu (Banlan)	47	6.1.2.2	Central Loloish	1	Bradley 79 Lahu	DB-Lahu	134	0
10793	586,596	923	kaw³ji⁴	lip		Lisu	47	6.1.2.2	Central Loloish	1	Bradley 79 PLo	DB-PLolo	95	0
117335	467,456,586,596	925	mrgh⁵-lrghe² kaw³ji⁴	lip		Lisu	47	6.1.2.2	Central Loloish	1	Matisoff 87 BP	JAM-Ety		0
41808	467,456,586,596	947	mɯ³¹ lɯ³⁵ ku³⁵ dʒi³³	lip		Lisu (Nujiang)	47	6.1.2.2	Central Loloish	1	Xu 86 Lisu	JZ-Lisu		0
17173	681,586	1366	ne³³ qɤ⁵⁵	eyelid		Sani [Nyi]	47	6.1.2.2	Central Loloish	1	Wu 84	WAH-Sani	95.1	0
131926	681,586	1379	ne³³qɤ⁵⁵	eyelid		Sani [Nyi]	47	6.1.2.2	Central Loloish	1	Wu 84	YHJC-Sani		0
33299	p,586	234	a-kʻo H-HS	peel / shell		Akha	48	6.1.2.3	Southern Loloish	1	Matisoff 72 LTSR	JAM-TSR	71(a)	0
144784	p,586	229	aˇ-k'oˆ	skin of fruit	n	Akha	48	6.1.2.3	Southern Loloish	1	Matisoff 87 BP	JAM-Ety		0
33300	792,586	234	baq-xoq	skin		Akha	48	6.1.2.3	Southern Loloish	1	Matisoff 72 LTSR	JAM-TSR	71(a)	0
283521	m,586	239	baˆ k'oˆ	skin, bark		Akha	48	6.1.2.3	Southern Loloish	1	Lewis 89 AETD	PL-AETD		0
51258	5450,586	344	aŋ◦khɔ	skin		Bisu	48	6.1.2.3	Southern Loloish	1	Beaudouin 88 Bisu	PB-Bisu	15	0
33302	586	341	khɔ̄	outer covering / bark / skin / peel		Bisu	48	6.1.2.3	Southern Loloish	1	Matisoff 72 LTSR	JAM-TSR	71(a)	0
236177	5450,586	338	ʔaŋ khɔ	skin		Bisu	48	6.1.2.3	Southern Loloish	1	Bradley 79 PLo	DB-PLolo		0
40515	681,681,586	629	(mja̱³³) mja̱³³ xo̱³³	eyelid		Hani (Dazhai)	48	6.1.2.3	Southern Loloish	1	Li Yongsui 86 Hani	JZ-Hani		0
40377	467,586	628	me³¹ kʰv̩̄³³	lip		Hani (Caiyuan)	48	6.1.2.3	Southern Loloish	1	Li Yongsui 86 Hani	JZ-Hani		0
40696	34,586	630	ɕa³¹ xo³³	skin		Hani (Gelanghe)	48	6.1.2.3	Southern Loloish	1	Li Yongsui 86 Hani	JZ-Hani		0
40838	586,596	634	ʃɔ³¹ tsʰɿ⁵⁵	skin		Hani (Shuikui)	48	6.1.2.3	Southern Loloish	1	Li Yongsui 86 Hani	JZ-Hani		0
236256	p,586	1114	ʔɑ²khoʔ⁴	skin		Mpi	48	6.1.2.3	Southern Loloish	1	Bradley 79 PLo	DB-PLolo		0
436747	p,586	1120	ʔɑ²khoʔ⁴	skin / hide		Mpi	48	6.1.2.3	Southern Loloish	1	Srinuan 76	SD-MPD		0
458668	p,586	1961	ʔaŋ33 khɔ45	skin		Pyen	48	6.1.2.3	Southern Loloish	1	Shintani 09 Pyen	ST-PL	131003	0
150065	467,586	1362	maŋ³¹ qho̱³³	lip		Sangkong	48	6.1.2.3	Southern Loloish	1	Li Yongsui 91 Sang	LYS-Sangkon		0
458958	p,586	1968	a21 khɔ̰33	skin		Sila	48	6.1.2.3	Southern Loloish	1	Kato 08 Lao	KT-LPDR	2	0
172963	586	1618	kó̵̩ʔ̩	skin		Ugong	48	6.1.2.3	Southern Loloish	1	Bradley 93 Ugo	DB-Ugong	8.2	0
520498	p,586	2018	ɛ²¹ko²¹	skin		Southern Muji	75	6.1.2.4	Southeastern Loloish	1	Pelkey 11 Phula	JP-CPL	308	0
166595	586	413	-kó	outer covering, skin, shell	n	Bwe	50	7	Karenic	1	Henderson 97 Kar	EJAH-BKD		0
166731	590,586	413	-phe-kó	skin, outer covering	n	Bwe	50	7	Karenic	1	Henderson 97 Kar	EJAH-BKD		0
166732	590,586	413	-phe-kú	skin, outer covering	n	Bwe	50	7	Karenic	1	Henderson 97 Kar	EJAH-BKD		0
310249	1006,586	1235	thɔ́ʔ khɔ̀k	skin of pig, pig hide		Pa-O	50	7	Karenic	1	Solnit 89 PaO	DBS-PaO		6
303801	586	460	kɛk	skin, hide, take away		Chinese (Old/Mid)	53	9.0.1	Old Chinese	0	Benedict 72 STC	STC	74n229	0
169608	586	481	kɛk/kɛk	skin, hide		Chinese (Old/Mid)	53	9.0.1	Old Chinese	0	Karlgren 57 GSR	GSR	931a-b	0
20453	586	480	kʻwɑ̂k	leather		Chinese (Old/Mid)	53	9.0.1	Old Chinese	0	Chou 72	ACST	774i	0
31116	586	475	k'wâk	leather		Chinese (Old)	53	9.0.1	Old Chinese	0	Matisoff 83 TIL	JAM-TIL	33	0
77445	586	478	khwak	skin / leather		Chinese (Old)	53	9.0.1	Old Chinese	0	Coblin 86	WSC-SH	134	0
146062	586	469	kɛk	hide / skin / (flay / peel) / take away	n	Chinese (Old)	53	9.0.1	Old Chinese	0	Chou 72	ACST	931a-b	0
31117	586	475	kɛk	hide, skin		Chinese (Old)	53	9.0.1	Old Chinese	0	Matisoff 83 TIL	JAM-TIL	33	0
77446	586	468	khwâk	leather		Chinese (Middle)	54	9.0.2	Middle Chinese	0	Coblin 86	WSC-SH	134	0
170104	586	1007	ko	skin, hide		Chinese (Mandarin)	55	9.0.3	Modern Chinese	0	Karlgren 57 GSR	GSR	931a-b	0

analysis

lgid

reflex

gloss

gfn

language

grpid

grpno

grp

genetic

citation

srcabbr

srcid

77444

586

168

khwak

skin / leather

*Sino-Tibetan

Sino-Tibetan (previously published reconstructions)

Coblin 86

WSC-SH

134

7532

586

175

(r-)kwâk|

skin

*Tibeto-Burman

0.1

Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)

Weidert 87 TBTo

AW-TBT

170

19937

586

174

(r-)kwɑ̂k|

leather

*Tibeto-Burman

0.1

Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)

Chou 72

ACST

774i

20148

586

174

kok

bark / rind / skin

*Tibeto-Burman

0.1

Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)

Chou 72

ACST

1226a

7531

586

175

kok

skin

*Tibeto-Burman

0.1

Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)

Weidert 87 TBTo

AW-TBT

170

529212

586

2032

kok

outer covering / bark (n.) / rind / skin

*Tibeto-Burman

0.1

Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)

Mortensen 12 Tk

DRM-Tk

515200

586

2012

kok

outer covering / bark / rind / skin

*Tibeto-Burman

0.1

Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)

Matisoff 03 HPTB

JAM-HPTB

596

31284

586

178

kok

bark / covering (outer)

*Tibeto-Burman

0.1

Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)

Matisoff 83 TIL

JAM-TIL

72291

586

182

kok

skin, bark, rind

*Tibeto-Burman

0.1

Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)

Benedict 72 STC

STC

342

77447

586

183

kwâk

skin / leather

*Tibeto-Burman

0.1

Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)

Coblin 86

WSC-SH

134

515201

586

2012

r-|kwa(ː)k

outer covering

*Tibeto-Burman

0.1

Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)

Matisoff 03 HPTB

JAM-HPTB

596

283294

586

173

kruk

outer covering

*Tani

1.1.1

Tani

Sun J 93 HCST

JS-HCST

285

158809

p,238,m,586

286

(a-lo) ja-kʰrju

skeleton

Apatani

1.1.1.1

Western Tani

Sun J 93 Tani

JS-Tani

158611

p,m,m,586

286

a-ji pa-kʰrju

shell

Apatani

1.1.1.1

Western Tani

Sun J 93 Tani

JS-Tani

158816

p,586

285

à-xu

skin (of seed)

Apatani

1.1.1.1

Western Tani

Sun J 93 Tani

JS-Tani

158828

1425,586

286

dĩ-kʰrju

skull

Apatani

1.1.1.1

Western Tani

Sun J 93 Tani

JS-Tani

153461

m,1654,m,586

285

pà-pu pa-xu

egg shell

Apatani

1.1.1.1

Western Tani

Sun J 93 Tani

JS-Tani

174005

m,586

287

pa-xrju

outer covering

Apatani

1.1.1.1

Western Tani

Sun J 93 HCST

JS-HCST

153462

m,586

285

pa-xu

egg shell

Apatani

1.1.1.1

Western Tani

Sun J 93 Tani

JS-Tani

158972

p,6109,m,586

285

tà-no pà-xu

snail shell

Apatani

1.1.1.1

Western Tani

Sun J 93 Tani

JS-Tani

174006

m,586

333

ka-kuk

outer covering

Bengni

1.1.1.1

Western Tani

Sun J 93 HCST

JS-HCST

157233

2658,591,586,m

334

siŋ-pin kuk-lin

peel (e.g. bark)

Bengni

1.1.1.1

Western Tani

Sun J 93 Tani

JS-Tani

157237

2658,591,586,m

334

siŋ-pin kuk-luː

peel and fall off

Bengni

1.1.1.1

Western Tani

Sun J 93 Tani

JS-Tani

151070

p,2658,m,586

334

ɯ-siŋ ka-kuk

bark

Bengni

1.1.1.1

Western Tani

Sun J 93 Tani

JS-Tani

489274

p,586

1979

a◦kuk

bark (of tree)

Galo

1.1.1.1

Western Tani

Rɨbaa,Post,et al. 09

GLDC-GED

494394

p,586

1979

a◦kuk

skin (of fruit)

Galo

1.1.1.1

Western Tani

Rɨbaa,Post,et al. 09

GLDC-GED

44858

p,586

564

a◦kuk

shell

Galo

1.1.1.1

Western Tani

Das Gupta 63 Gal

KDG-IGL

44860

p,586

564

a◦kuk

bark

Galo

1.1.1.1

Western Tani

Das Gupta 63 Gal

KDG-IGL

490866

m,586

1979

pɨ◦kuk

eggshell

Galo

1.1.1.1

Western Tani

Rɨbaa,Post,et al. 09

GLDC-GED

489411

p,m,m,586

1979

ta◦mul-mul◦kuk

betelnut husk

Galo

1.1.1.1

Western Tani

Rɨbaa,Post,et al. 09

GLDC-GED

489271

2658,586

1979

`hɨɨ◦kuk

bark

Galo

1.1.1.1

Western Tani

Rɨbaa,Post,et al. 09

GLDC-GED

489230

6665?,p,586

1979

`əə-a◦kuk

bamboo husk

Galo

1.1.1.1

Western Tani

Rɨbaa,Post,et al. 09

GLDC-GED

22350

586,m

1078

huk◦tu

leather coat armour

Miri, Hill

1.1.1.1

Western Tani

Simon 76 Miri

IMS-HMLG

1032

p,586

1070

a◦cuk

bark

Milang

1.1.1.2

Eastern Tani

Tayeng 76 Mil

AT-MPB

1853

p,586,m,m,m,m

1070

a◦cuk lu-pe-ge-ma

peel

Milang

1.1.1.2

Eastern Tani

Tayeng 76 Mil

AT-MPB

170457

586

1597

hok¹/hoʔ³|

skin

Tiddim

1.2.1.1

Northern Chin

Bhaskararao 94 TCV

PB-TCV

170465

586

1597

hoːk¹

skin

Tiddim

1.2.1.1

Northern Chin

Bhaskararao 94 TCV

PB-TCV

150218

682,586

1112

mìk◦kòʔ

eyelid

Moyon

1.2.4

“Old Kuki”

Kosha 90

DK-Moyon

3.4.1

47156

586,781

1063

òk-rèng

hide / leather

Mikir [Karbi]

1.5

Mikir [Karbi]

Grüssner 79 BP

KHG-MikirQ

56090

586

803

kʰoʔ

peel

Kokborok

1.7.1.1

Bodo

Tripuri 88

PT-Kok

474666

586

1973

khok-

remove (skin, bark, peel, dress etc.)

Atong

1.7.1.3

Koch

van Breugel 08 Atong

SVB-GA

41170

681,586,363

679

mjiʔ³¹ ko̱³³ mun³³

eyebrow

Jingpho

1.7.3.1

Jingpho

Liu 84

JZ-Jingpo

115368

682,586

671

myìʔ kaw

brow ridge; supraorbital ridge

Jingpho

1.7.3.1

Jingpho

Matisoff 87 BP

JAM-Ety

115367

682,586,363

671

myìʔ kaw-mun

eyebrow

Jingpho

1.7.3.1

Jingpho

Matisoff 87 BP

JAM-Ety

119443

586

490

kwak

leather

Chourasya

Himalayish

Matisoff 87 BP

JAM-Ety

76410

586,s

488

kwak-te

skin

Chourasya

Himalayish

Coblin 86

WSC-SH

134

303796

586,m,586,m

1727

kwak-te/kok-te

skin

Chourasya

Himalayish

Benedict 72 STC

STC

74n229

13034

586,588

329

xhaʔ⁵⁵ baʔ⁵⁵

skin

Tibetan (Batang)

2.1.2.1

Tibetan

Dai 89 Bata

DQ-Batang

8.2

13036

586,m

329

xhaʔ⁵⁵ tsha⁵³

blemish on skin

Tibetan (Batang)

2.1.2.1

Tibetan

Dai 89 Bata

DQ-Batang

8.2.3

119390

586,785

702

kok-tenq

skin

Tibetan (Jirel)

2.1.2.1

Tibetan

Matisoff 87 BP

JAM-Ety

3210

586,s

1562

kog-pa

skin

Tibetan (Written)

2.1.2.1

Tibetan

Weidert 87 TBTo

AW-TBT

170

71124

m,586

1578

phyi-kog

bark

Tibetan (Written)

2.1.2.1

Tibetan

Benedict 72 STC

STC

342

3209

586,s

1562

skog-pa

shell / rind

Tibetan (Written)

2.1.2.1

Tibetan

Weidert 87 TBTo

AW-TBT

170

71123

586,s,586,s

1578

skog-pa ⪤ kog-pa

skin, bark, rind

Tibetan (Written)

2.1.2.1

Tibetan

Benedict 72 STC

STC

342

533361

586

2068

kak

skin, bark

*Kiranti

2.3

Kiranti

Opgenort 11 Tilung

JRO-Tilung

143905

586

129

kok

skin

*Kiranti

2.3

Kiranti

Michailovsky 91 Kr

BM-PK7

157

3213

34,586

783

sa◦ko

skin

Kharmile

2.3

Kiranti

Weidert 87 TBTo

AW-TBT

170

477553

586,m

1975

hok◦wa

skin, bark

Athpare (Rai)

2.3.1

Eastern Kiranti

Ebert 97 Athpare

KE-GA

119384

586,782

913

hok-rik

skin

Limbu

2.3.1

Eastern Kiranti

Matisoff 87 BP

JAM-Ety

76052

586,782

911

hoː◦rik

skin, bark

Limbu

2.3.1

Eastern Kiranti

Michailovsky 89 Lm

BM-Lim

143903

586,782

912

hoː◦rik

skin

Limbu

2.3.1

Eastern Kiranti

Michailovsky 91 Kr

BM-PK7

157

143902

586

912

hɔk

skin (of a nut, inside the shell)

Limbu

2.3.1

Eastern Kiranti

Michailovsky 91 Kr

BM-PK7

157

148689

586

1878

hɔk

skin (of a nut, inside shell), sheath

Limbu

2.3.1

Eastern Kiranti

Driem 88? LimA

SVD-LimA

3191

586,782,s

910

[hoː◦rik◦pa]

skin

Limbu

2.3.1

Eastern Kiranti

Weidert 87 TBTo

AW-TBT

170

499516

586,782,s

910

[hoː◦riʔ◦pa]

skin

Limbu

2.3.1

Eastern Kiranti

Weidert 87 TBTo

AW-TBT

170

3192

586,782

910

[hu◦rik]

skin

Limbu

2.3.1

Eastern Kiranti

Weidert 87 TBTo

AW-TBT

170

499517

586,782

910

[hu◦riʔ]

skin

Limbu

2.3.1

Eastern Kiranti

Weidert 87 TBTo

AW-TBT

170

3215

p,586,s

321

(u-)hok◦wa

skin

Bantawa

2.3.2

Southern Kiranti

Weidert 87 TBTo

AW-TBT

170

499515

p,586,s

321

(u-)hoʔ◦wa

skin

Bantawa

2.3.2

Southern Kiranti

Weidert 87 TBTo

AW-TBT

170

79448

586,s

328

hok-wa

skin

Bantawa

2.3.2

Southern Kiranti

Rai 84 BnDc

WW-Bant

3216

586,s

321

houʔ-wa

skin

Bantawa

2.3.2

Southern Kiranti

Weidert 87 TBTo

AW-TBT

170

119441

586,s

325

hoʔ-wa

skin

Bantawa

2.3.2

Southern Kiranti

Matisoff 87 BP

JAM-Ety

143901

586,s

323

hoʔ◦wa

skin

Bantawa

2.3.2

Southern Kiranti

Michailovsky 91 Kr

BM-PK7

157

51175

586,s

327

hoʔ◦wa

skin / bark

Bantawa

2.3.2

Southern Kiranti

Rai 85 BnDs

NKR-Bant

79559

34,586,s

328

sa-hok◦wa

leather

Bantawa

2.3.2

Southern Kiranti

Rai 84 BnDc

WW-Bant

79662

586,562,s

425

hu◦lep◦pa

skin

Chamling

2.3.2

Southern Kiranti

Winter 85

WW-Cham

3214

790,586

820

so◦go

skin

Kulung

2.3.2

Southern Kiranti

Weidert 87 TBTo

AW-TBT

170

61862

790,586,m

822

so◦ko◦warə

skin

Kulung

2.3.2

Southern Kiranti

Rai 75 Kul

RPHH-Kul

119440

586,448

301

kok-te

skin

Bahing

2.3.4

Western Kiranti

Matisoff 87 BP

JAM-Ety

71125

586,448

305

kok-te

skin

Bahing

2.3.4

Western Kiranti

Benedict 72 STC

STC

342

143898

586,s

307

kok◦te

skin

Bahing

2.3.4

Western Kiranti

Michailovsky 91 Kr

BM-PK7

157

3218

586,s

298

kɔk◦tɛ

skin

Bahing

2.3.4

Western Kiranti

Weidert 87 TBTo

AW-TBT

170

144780

2658,586,s

301

siŋ-kok-te

bark

Bahing

2.3.4

Western Kiranti

Matisoff 87 BP

JAM-Ety

303795

2658,586,s

305

siŋ-kok-te

bark

Bahing

2.3.4

Western Kiranti

Benedict 72 STC

STC

74n229

120214

586,m

641

kuk◦tsho

skin, bark, husk, peel

Hayu

2.3.4

Western Kiranti

Michailovsky 89 H2

BM-Hay

84.198

143897

586,585

643

kuk◦tsho

skin

Hayu

2.3.4

Western Kiranti

Michailovsky 91 Kr

BM-PK7

157

119393

586,585

644

kuk◦tsho

skin

Hayu

2.3.4

Western Kiranti

Matisoff 87 BP

JAM-Ety

49842

586

1545

kok-

strip <peel>

Thulung

2.3.4

Western Kiranti

Allen 75

NJA-Thulung

119423

586,p,448

1543

kok-å◦te

skin

Thulung

2.3.4

Western Kiranti

Matisoff 87 BP

JAM-Ety

146817

586,m

1545

kok◦sa

skin on heated milk, crust on cooked food

Thulung

2.3.4

Western Kiranti

Allen 75

NJA-Thulung

143899

586,s

1542

kok◦te

skin

Thulung

2.3.4

Western Kiranti

Michailovsky 91 Kr

BM-PK7

157

49843

586,m

1545

kok◦te

skin, bark, peel

Thulung

2.3.4

Western Kiranti

Allen 75

NJA-Thulung

303797

586,m,586,m

1761

kwok-si/kok-si

skin

Thulung

2.3.4

Western Kiranti

Benedict 72 STC

STC

74n229

3217

586,s

1541

kɔk◦tɛ

skin

Thulung

2.3.4

Western Kiranti

Weidert 87 TBTo

AW-TBT

170

50628

686,586,448

1545

si◦kok◦te

lip

Thulung

2.3.4

Western Kiranti

Allen 75

NJA-Thulung

117373

686,586,m,448

1543

sī◦ko◦kaʔ◦te

lip

Thulung

2.3.4

Western Kiranti

Matisoff 87 BP

JAM-Ety

129911

476,686,m,586

1146

mpʰ◦sɿ⁵◦⁵ɦəʴ³³◦qu⁵⁵

lip

Namuyi

3.2

Qiangic

Sun H 91 NamQ

SHK-NamuQ

3.9

509838

596,586

1996

ɹà qá

skin

Qiang (Longxi)

3.2

Qiangic

Evans 99 Qiang

JPE-SQiang

1648

509836

596,586

1997

ʐá qà

skin

Qiang (Mianchi)

3.2

Qiangic

Evans 99 Qiang

JPE-SQiang

1648

17853

442,586

1325

zde◦ku̥

lip

Qiang (Yadu)

3.2

Qiangic

Dai 89 Qian

DQ-QiangN

111

131088

586

1408

ɣɐ³⁵

skin

Xumi

3.2

Qiangic

Sun H 91 ShiQ

SHK-ShixQ

130601

p,3425,586

617

tə◦mbu r̥qʰu

foreskin

rGyalrong (Northern)

3.3.1

rGyalrong

Sun H 91 rNQ

SHK-rGNQ

10.3.3

130544

m,m,m,586

617

tə◦rme ə r̥qʰu

skin

rGyalrong (Northern)

3.3.1

rGyalrong

Sun H 91 rNQ

SHK-rGNQ

8.2

130233

m,5673,589,586

616

tʃi◦wjo wu◦r̥kʰo

scales (of fish)

rGyalrong (Eastern)

3.3.1

rGyalrong

Sun H 91 rEQ

SHK-rGEQ

8.2.5

303798

m,586

611

we◦rkhwak

skin (its-)

rGyalrong

3.3.1

rGyalrong

Benedict 72 STC

STC

74n229

76411

m,586

613

we◦rkhwak

its skin

rGyalrong

3.3.1

rGyalrong

Coblin 86

WSC-SH

134

515199

586

2011

ʔ-|gukᴸ

outer covering / bark / rind / skin

*Lolo-Burmese

6.1

Lolo-Burmese

Matisoff 03 HPTB

JAM-HPTB

596

167792

586

146

ʔguk

outer covering / bark / skin / peel

*Lolo-Burmese

6.1

Lolo-Burmese

Matisoff 72 LTSR

JAM-TSR

71(b)

167791

586

146

ʔkuk

outer covering / bark / skin / peel

*Lolo-Burmese

6.1

Lolo-Burmese

Matisoff 72 LTSR

JAM-TSR

71(a)

144783

586

146

ʔkuk/ʔguk|

skin

*Lolo-Burmese

6.1

Lolo-Burmese

Matisoff 72 LTSR

JAM-TSR

38545

p,586

201

ɑ³¹ khok⁵⁵

scales

Achang (Lianghe)

6.1.1

Burmish

Dai 85 AcJZ

JZ-Achang

13125

471,586

370

nɔ̱t⁵⁵ ka̱uʔ

lip

Bola

6.1.1

Burmish

Dai 89 Bola

DQ-Bola

108

349388

471,586

1829

nɔ̱t⁵⁵ka̱uʔ⁵⁵

lip

Bola (Luxi)

6.1.1

Burmish

Huang and Dai 92 TBL

TBL

0085.32

13164

34,586

370

ʃă³⁵ ka̱uʔ⁵⁵

skin

Bola

6.1.1

Burmish

Dai 89 Bola

DQ-Bola

147

13223

34,586

370

ʃă³⁵ ka̱uʔ⁵⁵

skin (human or animal)

Bola

6.1.1

Burmish

Dai 89 Bola

DQ-Bola

315

358846

34,586

1829

ʃă³⁵ka̱uʔ⁵⁵

skin

Bola (Luxi)

6.1.1

Burmish

Huang and Dai 92 TBL

TBL

0265.32

349383

471,586

1823

n̥oʔ⁴khɑ̃⁵⁵

lip

Burmese (Rangoon)

6.1.1

Burmish

Huang and Dai 92 TBL

TBL

0085.27

192397

471,586

1428

n̥oʔ⁴⁴khɑ̃⁵⁵

lip

Burmese (Spoken Rangoon)

6.1.1

Burmish

Sun H 91 ZMYY

ZMYYC

243.40

303799

586

409

-khauk

skin

Burmese (Written)

6.1.1

Burmish

Benedict 72 STC

STC

74n229

71126

p,586

409

a◦khauk

skin, bark, rind

Burmese (Written)

6.1.1

Burmish

Benedict 72 STC

STC

342

3211

p,586

390

ə◦khauk

skin

Burmese (Written)

6.1.1

Burmish

Weidert 87 TBTo

AW-TBT

170

349387

471,586

1828

na̱t⁵⁵ka̱uk⁵⁵

lip

Langsu (Luxi)

6.1.1

Burmish

Huang and Dai 92 TBL

TBL

0085.31

358845

34,586

1828

ʃɔ̆³⁵ka̱uk⁵⁵

skin

Langsu (Luxi)

6.1.1

Burmish

Huang and Dai 92 TBL

TBL

0265.31

15457

681,586

886

mjɔʔ³¹ ku̱k⁵⁵

eyelid

Lashi

6.1.1

Burmish

Dai 89 Lash

DQ-Lashi

3.4.1

15507

471,586

886

nua̱t⁵⁵ ku̱k⁵⁵

lip

Lashi

6.1.1

Burmish

Dai 89 Lash

DQ-Lashi

3.9

15606

34,586

886

ʃǒ⁵⁵ ku̱k⁵⁵

skin

Lashi

6.1.1

Burmish

Dai 89 Lash

DQ-Lashi

8.2

15613

34,586

886

ʃə̌⁵⁵ ku̱k⁵⁵

hide / leather

Lashi

6.1.1

Burmish

Dai 89 Lash

DQ-Lashi

8.2.6

349389

471,586

1830

nua̱t⁵⁵ku̱k⁵⁵

lip

Leqi (Luxi)

6.1.1

Burmish

Huang and Dai 92 TBL

TBL

0085.33

358847

34,586

1830

sə̆⁵⁵kuk⁵⁵

skin

Leqi (Luxi)

6.1.1

Burmish

Huang and Dai 92 TBL

TBL

0265.33

351188

34,586

1830

ʃŏ⁵⁵ku̱k⁵⁵

skin

Leqi (Luxi)

6.1.1

Burmish

Huang and Dai 92 TBL

TBL

0120.33

15253

471,586

1024

na̱t⁵⁵ ka̱uk⁵⁵

lip

Maru [Langsu]

6.1.1

Burmish

Dai 89 Lang

DQ-Langsu

3.9

192373

471,586

1034

na̱t⁵⁵ka̱uk⁵⁵

lip

Maru [Langsu]

6.1.1

Burmish

Sun H 91 ZMYY

ZMYYC

243.43

15254

m,471,586

1024

thɔʔ⁵⁵ na̱t⁵⁵ ka̱uk⁵⁵

upper lip

Maru [Langsu]

6.1.1

Burmish

Dai 89 Lang

DQ-Langsu

3.9.1

15255

p,471,586

1024

ɔ³¹ na̱t⁵⁵ ka̱uk⁵⁵

lower lip

Maru [Langsu]

6.1.1

Burmish

Dai 89 Lang

DQ-Langsu

3.9.2

15364

34,586

1024

ʃɔ̆³⁵ ka̱uk⁵⁵

hide / leather

Maru [Langsu]

6.1.1

Burmish

Dai 89 Lang

DQ-Langsu

8.2.6

358844

586

1827

ku̱ʔ⁵⁵

skin

Atsi [Zaiwa]

6.1.1

Burmish

Huang and Dai 92 TBL

TBL

0265.30

44048

471,586

1686

nu̱t⁵⁵ ku̱ʔ⁵⁵

lip

Atsi [Zaiwa]

6.1.1

Burmish

Xu 84 Zaiwa

JZ-Zaiwa

349386

471,586

1827

nu̱t⁵⁵ku̱ʔ⁵⁵

lip

Atsi [Zaiwa]

6.1.1

Burmish

Huang and Dai 92 TBL

TBL

0085.30

192398

471,586

1693

nu̱t⁵⁵ku̱ʔ⁵⁵

lip

Atsi [Zaiwa]

6.1.1

Burmish

Sun H 91 ZMYY

ZMYYC

243.42

44069

34,586

1686

ʃŏ²¹ ku̱ʔ⁵⁵

skin

Atsi [Zaiwa]

6.1.1

Burmish

Xu 84 Zaiwa

JZ-Zaiwa

358867

34,586

1827

ʃŏ²¹ku̱ʔ⁵⁵

skin

Atsi [Zaiwa]

6.1.1

Burmish

Huang and Dai 92 TBL

TBL

0265.30

193571

34,586

1693

ʃŏ²¹ku̱ʔ⁵⁵

skin

Atsi [Zaiwa]

6.1.1

Burmish

Sun H 91 ZMYY

ZMYYC

266.42

15712

681,586,m

958

me̱⁴⁴ kɯ⁵⁵ phæ³³

eyebrow

Lolopho

6.1.2

Loloish

Dai 89 Lolo

DQ-Lolopho

3.4.3

311505

586

1790

ʔkuk/ʔguk

skin

PNL

6.1.2

Loloish

Chen 86 CS

CK-CS

48.

13742

m,m,34,586

584

ji³¹ tsɿ³³ sa³¹ khɯ⁵⁵

scalp

Gazhuo

6.1.2.1

Northern Loloish

Dai 89 Gazh

DQ-Gazhuo

2.8

13844

34,586

584

sa²¹ khɯ⁵⁵

skin

Gazhuo

6.1.2.1

Northern Loloish

Dai 89 Gazh

DQ-Gazhuo

8.2

351202

34,586

1845

sa³¹khɯ⁵⁵

skin

Gazhuo

6.1.2.1

Northern Loloish

Huang and Dai 92 TBL

TBL

0120.47

13849

1455,586

584

ŋa²¹ khɯ⁵⁵

scales (of fish)

Gazhuo

6.1.2.1

Northern Loloish

Dai 89 Gazh

DQ-Gazhuo

8.2.5

363043

1455,586

1845

ŋa³¹khɯ⁵⁵

scale

Nbp

Gazhuo

6.1.2.1

Northern Loloish

Huang and Dai 92 TBL

TBL

0352.47

292440

m,586

879

àːǹ-khyq

scale (fish)

Lalo

6.1.2.1

Northern Loloish

Björverud 94

SB-Lalo

9490

681,586

1148

na̱²¹ ko̱²¹

eyelid

Nasu

6.1.2.1

Northern Loloish

Chen 86 Yi

CK-YiQ

3.4.1

9705

681,586

1164

ȵɪ̱³³ kɤ̱³³

eyelid

Nesu

6.1.2.1

Northern Loloish

Chen 86 Yi

CK-YiQ

3.4.1

358848

586,596

1831

khu̱⁵³ɣɹi³³

skin

Nusu (Central)

6.1.2.1

Northern Loloish

Huang and Dai 92 TBL

TBL

0265.34

42658

586,596

1217

kʰu³¹ ɹi³⁵

skin

Nusu (Central)

6.1.2.1

Northern Loloish

Sun J 86 Nusu

JZ-Nusu

42375

586,596

1220

kʰu³¹ ɹi³⁵

skin

Nusu (Southern)

6.1.2.1

Northern Loloish

Sun J 86 Nusu

JZ-Nusu

16056

586,1454

1218

kʰu̱³¹ sɿ³¹

scales

Nusu (Central/Zhizhiluo)

6.1.2.1

Northern Loloish

Dai 89 NusA

DQ-NusuA

409.

16293

586,596

1216

kʰu̱³¹ ɣʴi³³

skin (animal)

Nusu (Central)

6.1.2.1

Northern Loloish

Dai 89 NusB

DQ-NusuB

315.

15988

586,596

1218

kʰu̱³¹ ɣʴi³⁵

skin

Nusu (Central/Zhizhiluo)

6.1.2.1

Northern Loloish

Dai 89 NusA

DQ-NusuA

147.

16043

586,596

1218

kʰu̱³¹ ɣʴi³⁵

skin (animal)

Nusu (Central/Zhizhiluo)

6.1.2.1

Northern Loloish

Dai 89 NusA

DQ-NusuA

315.

16236

586,596

1216

kʰu̱⁵³ ɣʴi³³

skin

Nusu (Central)

6.1.2.1

Northern Loloish

Dai 89 NusB

DQ-NusuB

147.

42514

586,596

1219

kʰu⁵⁵ ɹɿ³¹

skin

Nusu (Northern)

6.1.2.1

Northern Loloish

Sun J 86 Nusu

JZ-Nusu

10138

592,586

1667

bu̱³³-ku̱³³

scales (fish)

Yi (Xide)

6.1.2.1

Northern Loloish

Chen 79 YiCh

CSL-YIzd

10182

592,586

1667

bu̱³³-ku̱³³

skin

Yi (Xide)

6.1.2.1

Northern Loloish

Chen 79 YiCh

CSL-YIzd

10362

m,592,586

1667

hɯ³³-bu̱³³-ku̱³³

scales

Yi (Xide)

6.1.2.1

Northern Loloish

Chen 79 YiCh

CSL-YIzd

363031

m,592,586

1832

hɯ³³bu̱³³ku̱³³

scale

Nbp

Yi (Xide)

6.1.2.1

Northern Loloish

Huang and Dai 92 TBL

TBL

0352.35

14225

p,586

698

a⁴⁴ kʰo³¹

skin

Jinuo (Baya/Banai)

6.1.2.2

Central Loloish

Dai 89 JinA

DQ-JinA

150

14289

p,586

698

a⁴⁴ kʰo³¹

skin (animal)

Jinuo (Baya/Banai)

6.1.2.2

Central Loloish

Dai 89 JinA

DQ-JinA

331

14533

p,586

697

a⁴⁴ kʰu³¹

skin (animal)

Jinuo (Baka)

6.1.2.2

Central Loloish

Dai 89 JinB

DQ-JinB

331

40948

467,586

699

mi⁴⁴ kʰu⁴⁴

lip

Jinuo (Buyuan)

6.1.2.2

Central Loloish

Gai 86

JZ-Jinuo

14183

467,586

698

mø⁴⁴ kʰo³¹

lip

Jinuo (Baya/Banai)

6.1.2.2

Central Loloish

Dai 89 JinA

DQ-JinA

111

41008

467,586

700

m̥ø⁴⁴ kʰo⁴²

lip

Jinuo (Youle)

6.1.2.2

Central Loloish

Gai 86

JZ-Jinuo

14473

467,586

697

m̥ø⁴⁴ kʰu³¹

lip

Jinuo (Baka)

6.1.2.2

Central Loloish

Dai 89 JinB

DQ-JinB

111

41032

p,586

700

ɑ⁴⁴ kʰo⁴²

skin

Jinuo (Youle)

6.1.2.2

Central Loloish

Gai 86

JZ-Jinuo

40960

p,586

699

ɑ⁴⁴ kʰu⁴⁴

skin

Jinuo (Buyuan)

6.1.2.2

Central Loloish

Gai 86

JZ-Jinuo

284445

p,596,586

1703

aw˯◦gui˯◦k'uˉ

skin

Lahu (Nyi)

6.1.2.2

Central Loloish

Bradley 79 Lahu

DB-Lahu

134

71127

5450,586

844

ɔ̀-qú

bark

Lahu

6.1.2.2

Central Loloish

Benedict 72 STC

STC

342

117604

695,512,586

832

làʔ-šɛ̄-qú

fingernail

Lahu (Black)

6.1.2.2

Central Loloish

Matisoff 87 BP

JAM-Ety

41497

681,586,363

850

mɛʔ⁵⁴ qv̩³⁵ mv̩³³

eyebrow

Lahu (Black)

6.1.2.2

Central Loloish

Chang 86

JZ-Lahu

115372

681,586,363

832

mɛ̂ʔ-qú-mu

eyebrow

Lahu (Black)

6.1.2.2

Central Loloish

Matisoff 87 BP

JAM-Ety

514640

711,695,586,711,695,586

831

tō-làʔ-qú ~ tɔ̄-làʔ-qú

wing

Lahu (Black)

6.1.2.2

Central Loloish

Matisoff 88 DL

JAM-DL

640

119374

5450,596,586

832

ɔ̀-gɨ̀(-qú)

skin

Lahu (Black)

6.1.2.2

Central Loloish

Matisoff 87 BP

JAM-Ety

284540

p,596,586

846

aw˯◦geu˯◦k'uˉ

skin

Lahu (Bakeo)

6.1.2.2

Central Loloish

Bradley 79 Lahu

DB-Lahu

134

284595

p,596,586

847

aw˯◦gi˯◦kuˉ

skin

Lahu (Banlan)

6.1.2.2

Central Loloish

Bradley 79 Lahu

DB-Lahu

134

10793

586,596

923

kaw³ji⁴

lip

Lisu

6.1.2.2

Central Loloish

Bradley 79 PLo

DB-PLolo

117335

467,456,586,596

925

mrgh⁵-lrghe² kaw³ji⁴

lip

Lisu

6.1.2.2

Central Loloish

Matisoff 87 BP

JAM-Ety

41808

467,456,586,596

947

mɯ³¹ lɯ³⁵ ku³⁵ dʒi³³

lip

Lisu (Nujiang)

6.1.2.2

Central Loloish

Xu 86 Lisu

JZ-Lisu

17173

681,586

1366

ne³³ qɤ⁵⁵

eyelid

Sani [Nyi]

6.1.2.2

Central Loloish

Wu 84

WAH-Sani

95.1

131926

681,586

1379

ne³³qɤ⁵⁵

eyelid

Sani [Nyi]

6.1.2.2

Central Loloish

Wu 84

YHJC-Sani

33299

p,586

234

a-kʻo H-HS

peel / shell

Akha

6.1.2.3

Southern Loloish

Matisoff 72 LTSR

JAM-TSR

71(a)

144784

p,586

229

aˇ-k'oˆ

skin of fruit

Akha

6.1.2.3

Southern Loloish

Matisoff 87 BP

JAM-Ety

33300

792,586

234

baq-xoq

skin

Akha

6.1.2.3

Southern Loloish

Matisoff 72 LTSR

JAM-TSR

71(a)

283521

m,586

239

baˆ k'oˆ

skin, bark

Akha

6.1.2.3

Southern Loloish

Lewis 89 AETD

PL-AETD

51258

5450,586

344

aŋ◦khɔ

skin

Bisu

6.1.2.3

Southern Loloish

Beaudouin 88 Bisu

PB-Bisu

33302

586

341

khɔ̄

outer covering / bark / skin / peel

Bisu

6.1.2.3

Southern Loloish

Matisoff 72 LTSR

JAM-TSR

71(a)

236177

5450,586

338

ʔaŋ khɔ

skin

Bisu

6.1.2.3

Southern Loloish

Bradley 79 PLo

DB-PLolo

40515

681,681,586

629

(mja̱³³) mja̱³³ xo̱³³

eyelid

Hani (Dazhai)

6.1.2.3

Southern Loloish

Li Yongsui 86 Hani

JZ-Hani

40377

467,586

628

me³¹ kʰv̩̄³³

lip

Hani (Caiyuan)

6.1.2.3

Southern Loloish

Li Yongsui 86 Hani

JZ-Hani

40696

34,586

630

ɕa³¹ xo³³

skin

Hani (Gelanghe)

6.1.2.3

Southern Loloish

Li Yongsui 86 Hani

JZ-Hani

40838

586,596

634

ʃɔ³¹ tsʰɿ⁵⁵

skin

Hani (Shuikui)

6.1.2.3

Southern Loloish

Li Yongsui 86 Hani

JZ-Hani

236256

p,586

1114

ʔɑ²khoʔ⁴

skin

Mpi

6.1.2.3

Southern Loloish

Bradley 79 PLo

DB-PLolo

436747

p,586

1120

ʔɑ²khoʔ⁴

skin / hide

Mpi

6.1.2.3

Southern Loloish

Srinuan 76

SD-MPD

458668

p,586

1961

ʔaŋ33 khɔ45

skin

Pyen

6.1.2.3

Southern Loloish

Shintani 09 Pyen

ST-PL

131003

150065

467,586

1362

maŋ³¹ qho̱³³

lip

Sangkong

6.1.2.3

Southern Loloish

Li Yongsui 91 Sang

LYS-Sangkon

458958

p,586

1968

a21 khɔ̰33

skin

Sila

6.1.2.3

Southern Loloish

Kato 08 Lao

KT-LPDR

172963

586

1618

kó̵̩ʔ̩

skin

Ugong

6.1.2.3

Southern Loloish

Bradley 93 Ugo

DB-Ugong

8.2

520498

p,586

2018

ɛ²¹ko²¹

skin

Southern Muji

6.1.2.4

Southeastern Loloish

Pelkey 11 Phula

JP-CPL

308

166595

586

413

-kó

outer covering, skin, shell

Bwe

Karenic

Henderson 97 Kar

EJAH-BKD

166731

590,586

413

-phe-kó

skin, outer covering

Bwe

Karenic

Henderson 97 Kar

EJAH-BKD

166732

590,586

413

-phe-kú

skin, outer covering

Bwe

Karenic

Henderson 97 Kar

EJAH-BKD

310249

1006,586

1235

thɔ́ʔ khɔ̀k

skin of pig, pig hide

Pa-O

Karenic

Solnit 89 PaO

DBS-PaO

303801

586

460

kɛk

skin, hide, take away

Chinese (Old/Mid)

9.0.1

Old Chinese

Benedict 72 STC

STC

74n229

169608

586

481

kɛk/kɛk

skin, hide

Chinese (Old/Mid)

9.0.1

Old Chinese

Karlgren 57 GSR

GSR

931a-b

20453

586

480

kʻwɑ̂k

leather

Chinese (Old/Mid)

9.0.1

Old Chinese

Chou 72

ACST

774i

31116

586

475

k'wâk

leather

Chinese (Old)

9.0.1

Old Chinese

Matisoff 83 TIL

JAM-TIL

77445

586

478

khwak

skin / leather

Chinese (Old)

9.0.1

Old Chinese

Coblin 86

WSC-SH

134

146062

586

469

kɛk

hide / skin / (flay / peel) / take away

Chinese (Old)

9.0.1

Old Chinese

Chou 72

ACST

931a-b

31117

586

475

kɛk

hide, skin

Chinese (Old)

9.0.1

Old Chinese

Matisoff 83 TIL

JAM-TIL

77446

586

468

khwâk

leather

Chinese (Middle)

9.0.2

Middle Chinese

Coblin 86

WSC-SH

134

170104

586

1007

skin, hide

Chinese (Mandarin)

9.0.3

Modern Chinese

Karlgren 57 GSR

GSR

931a-b

Chinese comparanda

革 OC *kɛk, GSR #931a-b ‘hide, skin’; WHB-OC #1325; Li 1971: *krək; Baxter 1992: *krɨk > Mand. gé ‘leather’.

The reconstructed PTB form has a rounded element, reflected either in the main vowel (*o) or in the medial (*w). The Chinese form must be reconstructed without a rounded element. The correspondences of initial consonant, main vowel, and final consonant are regular (including the vowel correspondence PTB *a : OC *ə).

Generally, we expect to see OC medial *‑r‑ corresponding to PTB *‑r‑. However, there are some proposed cognates in which PTB prefixal *r‑ before velars appears to correspond to medial *‑r‑ in OC, for example PTB *r‑kang ‘shin’: OC 胻 *grangs ‘shinbone’, Mand. héng (for more details, see Handel 2009:188, 190-1). Whether this indicates that metathesis has taken place in one or both languages, or that additional variants of the root existed, is not clear.

革 OC *kɛk, GSR #931a-b ‘hide, skin’; Schuessler 2007:; B & S 2011: *kˁrək; Mand. gé.
革 OC *kɛk, GSR #931a-b ‘remove (skin, peel), change’; Schuessler 2007:; B & S 2011: *kˁrək; Mand. gé.

鞹 OC *k’wɑ̂k, GSR #774h-i ‘leather’; Coblin 86:134 ST *khwak > OC *khwak; Schuessler 2007:341 *khwâk; B & S 2011: (*kʷʰˁak); Mand. kuò.
郭 OC *kwɑ̂k, GSR #774a ‘outer wall of city’; Schuessler 2007:341 *kwâk; B & S 2011: *kʷˁak; Mand. guō.

^ 6.

Pa-O khɔ̀k likely a borrowing from Burmese khauk ‘skin’. Pa-O has glottal stop as the regular reflex of all proto-Karen final stops. Pa-O final oral stops occur largely (though not entirely) in loans from Shan and Burmese.

#586 PTB *s/r-kawk ⪤ *s/r-kwak OUTER COVERING / SKIN / BARK / RIND

Chinese comparanda

#586 PTB s/r-kawk ⪤ s/r-kwak OUTER COVERING / SKIN / BARK / RIND