4.0 Kinship Terms, Ethnonyms, Social Roles > 4.2 Roles > 4.2.10 Servants

#5524 PTB *(g/k)(y)wal SLAVE / SERVANT

rnanalysislgidreflexglossgfnlanguagegrpidgrpnogrpgeneticcitationsrcabbrsrcidrn
303285524,5524165k(y)wal ⪤ g(y)walslave*Sino-Tibetan10Sino-Tibetan (previously published reconstructions)0Matisoff 85 GSTCJAM-GSTC0080
312315524,5524166k(y)wal ⪤ g(y)walservant*Sino-Tibetan10Sino-Tibetan (previously published reconstructions)0Matisoff 83 TILJAM-TIL730
774035524168kwalservant*Sino-Tibetan10Sino-Tibetan (previously published reconstructions)0Coblin 86WSC-SH1310
5150825524,55242012g(y)wal ⪤ k(y)walslave / servant*Tibeto-Burman20.1Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)0Matisoff 03 HPTBJAM-HPTB5920
467209m,55241945nok-kolservantnGaro (Bangladesh)811.7.1.2Garo1Burling 03 GaroRB-LMMG8.41-II:idx0
473566m,55241973cha◦kolservantnAtong821.7.1.3Koch1van Breugel 08 AtongSVB-GA0
475231m,55241973nok◦holslavenAtong821.7.1.3Koch1van Breugel 08 AtongSVB-GA0
475232m,55241973nok◦horslavenAtong821.7.1.3Koch1van Breugel 08 AtongSVB-GA0
290565524,s1569khol-moservant (fem.)Tibetan (Written)242.1.2.1Tibetan1Matisoff 85 GSTCJAM-GSTC0080
290555524,s1569khol-poservantTibetan (Written)242.1.2.1Tibetan1Matisoff 85 GSTCJAM-GSTC0080
309535524,s1572khol-poservantTibetan (Written)242.1.2.1Tibetan1Matisoff 83 TILJAM-TIL730
2489685524,s1564khol◦poservantTibetan (Written)242.1.2.1Tibetan1Marrison 67 NagaGEM-CNL0
303295524141gywan¹slave*Lolo-Burmese426.1Lolo-Burmese1Matisoff 85 GSTCJAM-GSTC0
51508355242011gywan¹slave*Lolo-Burmese426.1Lolo-Burmese1Matisoff 03 HPTBJAM-HPTB5920
30353155241855ky(w)aunslaveInscriptional Burmese (=Pagan)446.1.1Burmish1Benedict 72 STCSTC49n1590
35443055241824tɕon⁵⁵servantnAchang (Longchuan)446.1.1Burmish1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0183.280
345375524290cwenslaveArakanese446.1.1Burmish1Okell 71JO-PB0
35443455241829tʃɔn⁵⁵servantnBola (Luxi)446.1.1Burmish1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0183.320
345345524387cunslaveBurmese (Standard Spoken)446.1.1Burmish1Okell 71JO-PB0
290525524397kywanslaveBurmese (Written)446.1.1Burmish1Matisoff 85 GSTCJAM-GSTC0080
309515524400kywanservant, slaveBurmese (Written)446.1.1Burmish1Matisoff 83 TILJAM-TIL730
345365524382kywanslaveBurmese (Inscriptional)446.1.1Burmish1Okell 71JO-PB0
345355524404kywanslaveBurmese (Written)446.1.1Burmish1Okell 71JO-PB0
4390595524406kywanservant, slaveBurmese (Written)446.1.1Burmish1Benedict 76 WBurPKB-WBRD0
3035325524409kywanslaveBurmese (Written)446.1.1Burmish1Benedict 72 STCSTC49n1590
345385524663cunslaveIntha446.1.1Burmish1Okell 71JO-PB0
35443355241828tʃum³¹servantnLangsu (Luxi)446.1.1Burmish1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0183.310
35443555241830tsɔn³¹servantnLeqi (Luxi)446.1.1Burmish1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0183.330
45290655241965kywaiŋservantMarma446.1.1Burmish1Huziwara 08 SakHK-Sak159-90
3454055241029cùm?slaveMaru [Langsu]446.1.1Burmish1Okell 71JO-PB0
3453955241503cunslaveTavoyan446.1.1Burmish1Okell 71JO-PB0
354432m,5524,m1827pi⁵¹tʃhan⁵⁵su⁵¹servantnAtsi [Zaiwa]446.1.1Burmish1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0183.300
116395524152C-|kywan¹slave*Loloish456.1.2Loloish1Bradley 79 PLoDB-PLolo1650

Chinese comparandum

倌 OC *kwɑ̂n / *kwɑn, GSR #157l ‘servant, groom’; Coblin 86:131 ST *kwal > OC *kwan; Schuessler 2007:264 *kôn; B & S 2011: (*kʷˁan {kʷˁa[n]}); Mand. guān.
宦 OC *g’wɑn, GSR #188a ‘servant’; Schuessler 2007:285 *gwrâns or *grôns; B & S 2011: *ɡʷˁran‑s {[ɡ]ʷˁr[a][n]‑s}; Mand. huàn.