6.0 Verbs of Motion, of Manipulation, and of Production > 6.9 Undoing > 6.9.2 Carve, shave

#5515 PTB *m-tak SHARP

Reconstructed mesoroots below:

The nasal prefix is directly attested in Namuyi. Several other languages (e.g., Proto-Northern Naga, rGyalrongic) seem to have undergone preemption of the initial dental by the nasal prefix.

The Karenic cognates display the homorganic final nasal.

rnanalysislgidreflexglossgfnlanguagegrpidgrpnogrpgeneticcitationsrcabbrsrcidrn
51591955152012taksharp*Tibeto-Burman20.1Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)0Matisoff 03 HPTBJAM-HPTB6140
791475515161naːksharp*Northern Naga121.7.2Northern Naga/Konyakian1French 83WTF-PNN5440
249108p,55151188a◦nasharpNocte841.7.2.1Tangsa-Nocte1Marrison 67 NagaGEM-CNL0
48855455151978næʔ³³sharpPhom851.7.2.2Konyak-Chang1Burling 98 PhomBP-PPWL0
249116p,55151628a◦nasharpWancho851.7.2.2Konyak-Chang1Marrison 67 NagaGEM-CNL0
48189455151977tak-pierced (by thorn), forced in (sharp object, spirit), be puncturedva.Chepang282.4Kham-Magar-Chepang1Caughley 00 ChepangRC-DOC0
2243892436,55151147mɛ⁵⁵nthɛ³⁵bluntNamuyi343.2Qiangic1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC871.190
2210745515,55151147nthɛ³³nthɛ⁵⁵pointedNamuyi343.2Qiangic1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC806.190
22433855151147nthɛ³⁵sharpNamuyi343.2Qiangic1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC870.190
3976332436,55151844mæ⁵³nthæ³¹blunt / dullNamuyi343.2Qiangic1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL1021.460
3975855515,55151844nthæ³³nthæ⁵³sharpNamuyi343.2Qiangic1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL1020.460
3961215515,55151844nthæ³³nthæ⁵⁵pointedadjNamuyi343.2Qiangic1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0992.460
39759355151844nthæ³⁵sharpNamuyi343.2Qiangic1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL1020.460
39754955151805thiə³⁵sharpPumi (Jiulong)343.2Qiangic1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL1020.100
3960855515,55151805thiə¹¹thiə⁵⁵pointedadjPumi (Jiulong)343.2Qiangic1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0992.100
39759155151805thə³⁵sharpPumi (Jiulong)343.2Qiangic1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL1020.100
39755655151812thɪ⁵³sharpXumi343.2Qiangic1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL1020.170
580723m,55152192dəŋa◦'nɑk̚sharprGyalrong (Xiaojin Bajiao)783.3.1rGyalrong1Nagano 2013 rGyDBYN-RGLD15720
581139p,55152193ka◦'nɑk̚sharprGyalrong (Xiaojin Dawei)783.3.1rGyalrong1Nagano 2013 rGyDBYN-RGLD15720
553715m,55152135kəka◦'nak̚sharprGyalrong (Ganzi Danba Taipingqiao)783.3.1rGyalrong1Nagano 2013 rGyDBYN-RGLD15720
551222m,55152125kəka◦'nɑʔsharprGyalrong (Ganzi Danba Banshanmen)783.3.1rGyalrong1Nagano 2013 rGyDBYN-RGLD15720
333537p,m,55151799kə-ŋa-naksharprGBenzhen783.3.1rGyalrong1Sun J 97 rGBJS-rGBenzhe0
5024805515,m,m1982dɛ⁵³ o³¹ wɛ³³sharpRawang384Nungic1LaPolla 03RJL-Rawang10460
39756055151817thu³¹sharpNung384Nungic1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL1020.210
2243765515,m269thu³¹ɛ³¹sharpAnong384Nungic1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC870.440
5024815515,m,m1982thɑʔ◦o³¹ wɛ³³sharpRawang384Nungic1LaPolla 03RJL-Rawang10470
39755955151816dɑi⁵³sharpDulong384Nungic1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL1020.200
2243775515537dɑi⁵⁵sharpTrung [Dulong]384Nungic1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC870.460
2997025515540de⁵³sharpTrung [Dulong] (Nujiang)384Nungic1Sun H 82 DulJZ-Dulong0
1677425515146taksharp*Lolo-Burmese426.1Lolo-Burmese1Matisoff 72 LTSRJAM-TSR41(a)0
51592055152011takᴴsharp*Lolo-Burmese426.1Lolo-Burmese1Matisoff 03 HPTBJAM-HPTB6140
1677435515146{C}-|taksharp*Lolo-Burmese426.1Lolo-Burmese1Matisoff 72 LTSRJAM-TSR41(b)0
2883425515201thɑ³¹sharpAchang (Lianghe)446.1.1Burmish1Dai 85 AcJZJZ-Achang0
39756755151824thɔʔ⁵⁵sharpAchang (Longchuan)446.1.1Burmish1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL1020.280
2243495515200thɔʔ⁵⁵sharpAchang (Longchuan)446.1.1Burmish1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC870.410
2875185515207thaʔ⁵⁵sharpAchang (Luxi)446.1.1Burmish1Dai 85 AcJZJZ-Achang0
39757155151829thaʔ⁵⁵sharpBola (Luxi)446.1.1Burmish1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL1020.320
40185855151829tøʔ³¹severe / fierce / sharpBola (Luxi)446.1.1Burmish1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL1108.320
39756655151823thɛʔ⁴sharpBurmese (Rangoon)446.1.1Burmish1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL1020.270
22437455151428htɛʔ⁴⁴sharpBurmese (Spoken Rangoon)446.1.1Burmish1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC870.400
2243485515411htɑksharpBurmese (Written)446.1.1Burmish1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC870.390
1343835515394thaksharpBurmese (Written)446.1.1Burmish1Hansson 89 AHKPILH-PL4560
4372345515406thaksharp, keenBurmese (Written)446.1.1Burmish1Benedict 76 WBurPKB-WBRD0
5335215515409thak>thɛʔsharpBurmese (Written)446.1.1Burmish1Benedict 72 STCSTCp.870
2491205515,2459392thak◦mraksharpBurmese (Written)446.1.1Burmish1Marrison 67 NagaGEM-CNL0
39756555151822thɑksharpBurmese (Written)446.1.1Burmish1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL1020.260
2342305515653tùʔsharpHpun (Northern)446.1.1Burmish1Henderson 86 HpunEJAH-Hpun0
39757055151828thɔʔ⁵⁵sharpLangsu (Luxi)446.1.1Burmish1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL1020.310
39757255151830thɔːʔ⁵⁵sharpLeqi (Luxi)446.1.1Burmish1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL1020.330
22435055151034thɔʔ⁵⁵sharpMaru [Langsu]446.1.1Burmish1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC870.430
39756955151827thoʔ⁵⁵sharpAtsi [Zaiwa]446.1.1Burmish1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL1020.300
22437555151693thoʔ⁵⁵sharpAtsi [Zaiwa]446.1.1Burmish1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC870.420
119455515152takᴴsharp*Loloish456.1.2Loloish1Bradley 79 PLoDB-PLolo5430
1343825515153takᴴsharp*Loloish456.1.2Loloish1Hansson 89 AHKPILH-PL4560
39758655151845tha⁵⁵sharpGazhuo466.1.2.1Northern Loloish1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL1020.470
1422785515586tʰa⁵⁵sharpGazhuo466.1.2.1Northern Loloish1Dai 91 TB15DHFRL0
61871555152215thíqsharpLalo466.1.2.1Northern Loloish1Matisoff 03 HPTBJAM-HPTB3190
22435155151215thu⁵³sharpNusu (Bijiang)466.1.2.1Northern Loloish1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC870.450
33564555151219thu⁵⁵sharpNusu (Northern)466.1.2.1Northern Loloish1Sun J 86 NusuJZ-Nusu0
33654555151220thu⁵⁵sharpNusu (Southern)466.1.2.1Northern Loloish1Sun J 86 NusuJZ-Nusu0
39757355151831thu⁵⁵sharpNusu (Central)466.1.2.1Northern Loloish1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL1020.340
46416555151962thɔ³³keen (of a blade, vision, or acumen); sharpYi (Liangshan)466.1.2.1Northern Loloish1Ma 08 YiSIL-Nuosuindex0
22434155151662the̱³³sharpYi (Mile)466.1.2.1Northern Loloish1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC870.250
22436755151663the̱³³sharpYi (Mojiang)466.1.2.1Northern Loloish1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC870.260
39757655151834the̱³³sharpYi (Nanhua)466.1.2.1Northern Loloish1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL1020.370
22436655151664the̱³³sharpYi (Nanhua)466.1.2.1Northern Loloish1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC870.240
22434055151666thi̱³³sharpYi (Nanjian)466.1.2.1Northern Loloish1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC870.230
39757755151835thɑ̱²sharpYi (Wuding)466.1.2.1Northern Loloish1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL1020.380
39757455151832thɔ³³sharpYi (Xide)466.1.2.1Northern Loloish1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL1020.350
22433955151670thɔ³³sharpYi (Xide)466.1.2.1Northern Loloish1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC870.210
331615515214thie 44|sharpAhi476.1.2.2Central Loloish1Matisoff 72 LTSRJAM-TSR41(a)0
5335245515218thyeʔsharpAhi476.1.2.2Central Loloish1Benedict 72 STCSTCp.870
2243715515696tha³¹sharpJinuo476.1.2.2Central Loloish1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC870.340
3015235515700thɑ⁴²sharpJinuo (Youle)476.1.2.2Central Loloish1Gai 86JZ-Jinuo0
397583m,55151842tɕi⁴⁴tha⁴²sharpJinuo476.1.2.2Central Loloish1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL1020.440
47687255151969tha33sharpKucong476.1.2.2Central Loloish1Dai 09 KucongDC-Kucong0
5335225515844thâʔsharpLahu476.1.2.2Central Loloish1Benedict 72 STCSTCp.870
331595515839thâʔsharpLahu (Black)476.1.2.2Central Loloish1Matisoff 72 LTSRJAM-TSR41(a)0
302780m,5515856tsɿ⁶~tha⁶sharpLahu (Yellow)476.1.2.2Central Loloish1Chang 86JZ-Lahu0
2808605515946thæ³⁵sharp of senses; sensitive; sharpVLisu (Northern)476.1.2.2Central Loloish1Bradley 94 LisuDB-Lisu0
2808635515,5515946thæ³⁵thæ³⁵pointed; sharpVLisu (Northern)476.1.2.2Central Loloish1Bradley 94 LisuDB-Lisu0
331635515930thæ̌sharpLisu476.1.2.2Central Loloish1Matisoff 72 LTSRJAM-TSR41(a)0
5335235515940tshyæ̌ʔsharpLisu476.1.2.2Central Loloish1Benedict 72 STCSTCp.870
3316255151368the 44|sharpSani [Nyi]476.1.2.2Central Loloish1Matisoff 72 LTSRJAM-TSR41(a)0
39757855151836the⁴⁴sharpYi (Sani)476.1.2.2Central Loloish1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL1020.390
137309m,5515244jɔ taqsharpAkha (Yunnan)486.1.2.3Southern Loloish1Hansson 89 AHKPILH-PL4560
331605515234ta HS|sharpAkha486.1.2.3Southern Loloish1Matisoff 72 LTSRJAM-TSR41(a)0
1373085515243taqsharpAkha (Thai)486.1.2.3Southern Loloish1Hansson 89 AHKPILH-PL4560
1343845515228taqsharpAkha486.1.2.3Southern Loloish1Hansson 89 AHKPILH-PL4560
331645515341thāsharpBisu486.1.2.3Southern Loloish1Matisoff 72 LTSRJAM-TSR41(a)0
142114m,5515346ʔaŋ◦thasharpBisu486.1.2.3Southern Loloish1Bradley 9x BisuDB-Bisu0
331665515631ta 21c|sharpHani (Hu T’an)486.1.2.3Southern Loloish1Matisoff 72 LTSRJAM-TSR41(b)0
1373115515633taqsharpHani (Lüchun)486.1.2.3Southern Loloish1Hansson 89 AHKPILH-PL4560
2243445515510ta̱³³sharpHani (Dazhai)486.1.2.3Southern Loloish1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC870.310
39758055151839ta̱³³sharpHani (Lüchun)486.1.2.3Southern Loloish1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL1020.410
13438755151299thásharpHani (Pijo)486.1.2.3Southern Loloish1Hansson 89 AHKPILH-PL4560
1373135515,m1299thá ísharpHani (Pijo)486.1.2.3Southern Loloish1Hansson 89 AHKPILH-PL4560
2243695515418tha̱³³sharpHani (Caiyuan)486.1.2.3Southern Loloish1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC870.300
3005835515630ta̱³³sharpHani (Gelanghe)486.1.2.3Southern Loloish1Li Yongsui 86 HaniJZ-Hani0
1373105515635davsharpHani (Wordlist)486.1.2.3Southern Loloish1Hansson 89 AHKPILH-PL4560
22437055151416tha³³sharpHani (Shuikui)486.1.2.3Southern Loloish1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC870.320
1373125515784thasharpHani (Khatu)486.1.2.3Southern Loloish1Hansson 89 AHKPILH-PL4560
39758155151840tha³³sharpHani (Mojiang)486.1.2.3Southern Loloish1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL1020.420
13438855151115tha³sharpMpi486.1.2.3Southern Loloish1Hansson 89 AHKPILH-PL4560
43534955151120tha³sharpMpi486.1.2.3Southern Loloish1Srinuan 76SD-MPD0
458915p,55151961ʔaŋ33 thaʔ55sharpPyen486.1.2.3Southern Loloish1Shintani 09 PyenST-PL2100320
3316555151635tʻa 55|sharpWoni486.1.2.3Southern Loloish1Matisoff 72 LTSRJAM-TSR41(a)0
52352155152020tʰɛ³³sharp (blade)Azha756.1.2.4Southeastern Loloish1Pelkey 11 PhulaJP-CPL9370
52236055152019tʰɛ²¹sharp (blade)Hlepho Phowa756.1.2.4Southeastern Loloish1Pelkey 11 PhulaJP-CPL9370
51700655151999tʰɑ˧˥sharp, keenLaze (Xiangjiao)436.2Naxi1Michaud 06 NaLazeAM-NaLaze120520
513060m,55151998hi˧tʰɑ˩keen, sharp (cuts well)Na (Yongning)436.2Naxi1Michaud 06 NaLazeAM-NaLaze10
51405255151998tʰɑ˧˥sharp, keenNa (Yongning)436.2Naxi1Michaud 06 NaLazeAM-NaLaze10
3976322436,55151843mə³³thɑ⁵⁵blunt / dullNaxi436.2Naxi1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL1021.450
39758455151843thɑ⁵⁵sharpNaxi436.2Naxi1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL1020.450
2243685515908thɑ⁵⁵sharpNaxi (Lijiang)436.2Naxi1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC870.280
52953255152038thaŋᴬsharp*Karen507Karenic1Luangthongkum 13TL-PK2520
53113155152044tha⁵⁵sharpBwe507Karenic1Luangthongkum 13TL-PK2520
53087655152043thɛ³³sharpKayah507Karenic1Luangthongkum 13TL-PK2520
53143055152045thɔ⁵⁵sharpKayaw507Karenic1Luangthongkum 13TL-PK2520
31013655151235thàŋsharpPa-O507Karenic1Solnit 89 PaODBS-PaO0
53001755152040thaŋ³¹¨sharpPa-O (Northern)507Karenic1Luangthongkum 13TL-PK2520
53028155152041thaŋ³¹¨sharpPa-O (Southern)507Karenic1Luangthongkum 13TL-PK2520