STEDT Etymon #5398
5.0 Culture, Artifacts, Religion > 5.11 Artifacts (unclassified as yet) > 5.11.6 Textile
#5398 PTB *k-ra(p/m) NEEDLE |
A number of reflexes point to initial *r‑, while many others reflect an initial velar; we are treating the velar element as prefixal, so that the reflexes with initial velar are deemed to have undergone prefix pre-emption. Written Burmese has an anomalous zero or glottal stop initial, a variational phenomenon which occurs in a considerable number of roots (see HPTB:57 and JAM 1997).
The Chinese comparandum has a final labial nasal.
| rn | analysis | lgid | reflex | gloss | gfn | language | grpid | grpno | grp | genetic | citation | srcabbr | srcid | rn |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 515748 | 5398,5398 | 2012 | k-|rap ⪤ k-|ram | needle | *Tibeto-Burman | 2 | 0.1 | Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions) | 0 | Matisoff 03 HPTB | JAM-HPTB | 609 | 0 | |
| 8146 | 5398 | 175 | kap | needle | *Tibeto-Burman | 2 | 0.1 | Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions) | 0 | Weidert 87 TBTo | AW-TBT | 667 | 0 | |
| 515165 | 5398 | 2012 | kap | needle | *Tibeto-Burman | 2 | 0.1 | Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions) | 0 | Matisoff 03 HPTB | JAM-HPTB | 595 | 0 | |
| 31300 | 5398 | 178 | kap | needle | *Tibeto-Burman | 2 | 0.1 | Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions) | 0 | Matisoff 83 TIL | JAM-TIL | 18 | 0 | |
| 72000 | 5398 | 182 | kap | needle | *Tibeto-Burman | 2 | 0.1 | Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions) | 0 | Benedict 72 STC | STC | 52 | 0 | |
| 60864 | 5398,5398 | 181 | kap=*kəp | needle | *Tibeto-Burman | 2 | 0.1 | Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions) | 0 | LaPolla 87 | RJL-DPTB | 193 | 0 | |
| 19910 | 5398 | 174 | kəp | needle | *Tibeto-Burman | 2 | 0.1 | Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions) | 0 | Chou 72 | ACST | 671o | 0 | |
| 514684 | 5398,5398 | 2012 | ʔap ⪤ gaːp | needle | *Tibeto-Burman | 2 | 0.1 | Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions) | 0 | Matisoff 03 HPTB | JAM-HPTB | 583 | 0 | |
| 245787 | p,5398 | 270 | a◦jem | needle | n | Ao (Chungli) | 63 | 1.3.1 | Central Naga (Ao Group) | 1 | Marrison 67 Naga | GEM-CNL | 0 | |
| 69500 | 5398 | 736 | keb | needle | Kanauri | 20 | 2.1.1 | Western Himalayish | 0 | Benedict 72 STC | STC | 52 | 0 | |
| 69499 | 5398 | 1578 | khab | needle | Tibetan (Written) | 24 | 2.1.2.1 | Tibetan | 1 | Benedict 72 STC | STC | 52 | 0 | |
| 201413 | 5398 | 561 | xaʴ⁵⁵ | needle | Ersu | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Sun H 91 ZMYY | ZMYYC | 420.18 | 0 | |
| 201387 | 5398 | 595 | khø⁵³ | needle | Guiqiong | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Sun H 91 ZMYY | ZMYYC | 420.17 | 0 | |
| 374695 | 5398 | 1811 | khə⁵⁵ | needle | n | Guiqiong | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 0578.16 | 0 |
| 374730 | 5398 | 1813 | ɣa³⁵ | needle | n | Lyuzu | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 0578.18 | 0 |
| 374697 | 5398 | 1813 | ɣɯ³⁵ | needle | n | Lyuzu | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 0578.18 | 0 |
| 374694 | 5398 | 1810 | ʁɐ̱⁵³ | needle | n | Muya | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 0578.15 | 0 |
| 201386 | 5398 | 1136 | ʁɐ³⁵ | needle | Muya [Minyak] | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Sun H 91 ZMYY | ZMYYC | 420.15 | 0 | |
| 201388 | 5398 | 1147 | ʁo³³ | needle | Namuyi | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Sun H 91 ZMYY | ZMYYC | 420.19 | 0 | |
| 374725 | 5398 | 1844 | ʁuo³¹ | needle | n | Namuyi | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 0578.46 | 0 |
| 374689 | 5398 | 1805 | qho⁵⁵ | needle | n | Pumi (Jiulong) | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 0578.10 | 0 |
| 374688 | 5398 | 1853 | qho⁵⁵ | needle | n | Pumi (Lanping) | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 0578.09 | 0 |
| 201385 | 5398 | 1306 | qho⁵⁵ | needle | Pumi (Qinghua) | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Sun H 91 ZMYY | ZMYYC | 420.11 | 0 | |
| 201409 | 5398 | 1309 | kho³⁵ | needle | Pumi (Taoba) | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Sun H 91 ZMYY | ZMYYC | 420.10 | 0 | |
| 34032 | 5398 | 1315 | xe | needle | Qiang (ChiuTzuYing) | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Matisoff 72 LTSR | JAM-TSR | 191(b) | 0 | |
| 303203 | 5398,5398 | 1314 | xe ~ he | needle | Qiang | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Benedict 72 STC | STC | 25n82 | 0 | |
| 507995 | 5398,5398 | 1996 | χé ~ χèi | needle | Qiang (Longxi) | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Evans 99 Qiang | JPE-SQiang | 812 | 0 | |
| 60451 | 5398 | 1318 | Xe | needle | Qiang (Mawo) | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | LaPolla 87 | RJL-DPTB | 193 | 0 | |
| 201408 | 5398 | 1320 | χe | needle | Qiang (Mawo) | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Sun H 91 ZMYY | ZMYYC | 420.8 | 0 | |
| 374687 | 5398 | 1852 | χɛ | needle | n | Qiang (Mawo) | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 0578.08 | 0 |
| 507996 | 5398 | 1997 | χɛ̀ | needle | Qiang (Mianchi) | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Evans 99 Qiang | JPE-SQiang | 812 | 0 | |
| 201384 | 5398 | 1323 | χe⁵⁵ | needle | Qiang (Taoping) | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Sun H 91 ZMYY | ZMYYC | 420.9 | 0 | |
| 374692 | 5398 | 1808 | qha⁵⁵ | needle | n | Queyu (Xinlong) | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 0578.13 | 0 |
| 201412 | 5398 | 1699 | qho⁵³ | needle | Queyu (Yajiang) [Zhaba] | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Sun H 91 ZMYY | ZMYYC | 420.16 | 0 | |
| 201414 | 5398 | 1409 | ʁo³⁵ | needle | Xumi | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Sun H 91 ZMYY | ZMYYC | 420.20 | 0 | |
| 374696 | 5398 | 1812 | ʁᴜ³⁵ | needle | n | Xumi | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 0578.17 | 0 |
| 201411 | 5398,m | 557 | ʁa vu | needle | Ergong (Danba) | 35 | 3.3 | rGyalrongic | 1 | Sun H 91 ZMYY | ZMYYC | 420.14 | 0 | |
| 374691 | 5398,m | 1807 | ʁɑ◦r | needle | n | Daofu | 35 | 3.3 | rGyalrongic | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 0578.12 | 0 |
| 201410 | p,5398 | 1340 | ta kap | needle | rGyalrong | 78 | 3.3.1 | rGyalrong | 1 | Sun H 91 ZMYY | ZMYYC | 420.12 | 0 | |
| 60449 | p,5398 | 610 | te◦kyep | needle | rGyalrong | 78 | 3.3.1 | rGyalrong | 1 | LaPolla 87 | RJL-DPTB | 193 | 0 | |
| 303202 | p,5398 | 611 | te◦kyep | needle | rGyalrong | 78 | 3.3.1 | rGyalrong | 1 | Benedict 72 STC | STC | 25n82 | 0 | |
| 374690 | p,5398 | 1806 | tɑ kɑp | needle | n | rGyalrong (Maerkang) | 78 | 3.3.1 | rGyalrong | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 0578.11 | 0 |
| 333307 | p,5398 | 1799 | ta-jap | needle | rGBenzhen | 78 | 3.3.1 | rGyalrong | 1 | Sun J 97 rGB | JS-rGBenzhe | 0 | ||
| 60455 | 5398 | 1607 | uop | needle | Trung [Dulong] | 38 | 4 | Nungic | 1 | LaPolla 87 | RJL-DPTB | 193 | 0 | |
| 303204 | 5398 | 1765 | uop | needle | Trung [Dulong] | 38 | 4 | Nungic | 1 | Benedict 72 STC | STC | 25n82 | 0 | |
| 5807 | p,5398 | 138 | (t-)ɣap | needle | *Lolo-Burmese | 42 | 6.1 | Lolo-Burmese | 1 | Weidert 87 TBTo | AW-TBT | 667 | 0 | |
| 69502 | p,5398 | 149 | (t-)ɣap | needle | *Lolo-Burmese | 42 | 6.1 | Lolo-Burmese | 1 | Benedict 72 STC | STC | 52 | 0 | |
| 304910 | 5398 | 409 | ap | needle | Burmese (Written) | 44 | 6.1.1 | Burmish | 1 | Benedict 72 STC | STC | 183n482 | 0 | |
| 69501 | 5398 | 409 | ʔap | needle | Burmese (Written) | 44 | 6.1.1 | Burmish | 1 | Benedict 72 STC | STC | 52 | 0 | |
| 69503 | 5398 | 1295 | təɣet (< *təɣap) | needle | Phön | 44 | 6.1.1 | Burmish | 1 | Benedict 72 STC | STC | 52 | 0 | |
| 69506 | 5398 | 218 | woʔ | needle | Ahi | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Benedict 72 STC | STC | 52 | 0 | |
| 69504 | 5398 | 844 | ɣòʔ | needle | Lahu | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Benedict 72 STC | STC | 52 | 0 | |
| 441368 | 5398,1629 | 831 | g̈òʔ-pi | needle and thread | Lahu (Black) | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Matisoff 88 DL | JAM-DL | p.817 | 0 | |
| 69505 | 5398 | 940 | wɔʔ | needle | Lisu | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Benedict 72 STC | STC | 52 | 0 | |
| 20427 | 5398 | 480 | t̑i̯əm/tśi̯əm | needle | Chinese (Old/Mid) | 53 | 9.0.1 | Old Chinese | 0 | Chou 72 | ACST | 671o | 0 | |
| 296182 | 5398 | 471 | Kjɨ/um | needle | Chinese (Old) | 53 | 9.0.1 | Old Chinese | 0 | Baxter 92 | WHB-OC | 1837 | 0 | |
| 31164 | 5398 | 475 | t̂i̯əm | needle | Chinese (Old) | 53 | 9.0.1 | Old Chinese | 0 | Matisoff 83 TIL | JAM-TIL | 18 | 0 | |
| 37258 | 5398 | 1011 | jen | needle | Chinese (Mandarin) | 55 | 9.0.3 | Modern Chinese | 0 | Sun J 85 ChGl | JS-Ch | 631 | 0 | |
| 142505 | 5398 | 1010 | zhēn | needle | Chinese (Mandarin) | 55 | 9.0.3 | Modern Chinese | 0 | Evans 91 | ELS-CLL | 0 |
箴 OC *t̑i̯əm, GSR #671o; B & S 2011: *t.kəm {t.[k]əm}; Mand. zhēn.
簪 OC *tsəm /tṣi̯əm, GSR #660g ‘hairpin’; Schuessler 2007:600 *tsrəm; B & S 2011: *Cə.tsˁəm {Cə.[ts]ˁ[ə]m} ~ *tsrəm {tsr[ə]m}; Mand. zān.
譖 OC *tṣi̯əm, GSR #660j ‘accuse; slander’; Schuessler 2007:600 *tsrəms; B & S 2011: *tsrəm‑s {[ts]r[ə]m‑s}; Mand. zèn.