1.0 The Body > 1.9 Reproductive System > 1.9.3 Navel

#533 PTB *rey ⪤ *s-rwi(y) OBSCURE INTERNAL CHANNEL / CORD / STRING / CREEPER / CANE / RATTAN

Reconstructed mesoroots below:

The basic meaning of this etymon seems to be ‘cord, string’. It also appears in a large number of compounds referring to “OICC’s” (obscure internal channels and connections), such as NERVE, VEIN, MUSCLE, SINEW. In addition it appears in compounds for UMBILICAL CORD, thence by extension to NAVEL itself. For the concept of “OICC’s”, see VSTB pp. 184-5.

STC sets up two roots with the meaning ‘cane, rattan’, STC #478 *rey and STC #201 *s‑rwi(y), which I am collapsing into a single set. The meaning of this etymon ranges from ‘string, cord’ to ‘OICC’ to the specific plants ‘cane, rattan’.

Several Himalayish forms which look superficially as if they descend from this morpheme are actually loans from Sanskrit nālī ~ nāḍī ‘any tubular vessel or vein of the body’ (Monier-Williams:537): Sunwar nāːri ‘nerve’, Newar hi◦nu(li) ‘blood vessel; vein; artery’ (hi ‘blood’ < PTB *s‑hywəy),1 Bahing sãːti ‘vein, blood vessel’, Bantawa tshum‑buri ‘umbilical cord’, Khaling 'sö◦ri ‘nerve’. A couple of Barish forms, Bodo na‑ri and Lalung na‑ti ‘navel’ (Balawan 1965:42), are also probably borrowings from this Sanskrit word, despite the semantic difference. Note that r and t/d are frequently confused in Barish languages. (Cf. the language name Bodo ~ Boro).

rnanalysislgidreflexglossgfnlanguagegrpidgrpnogrpgeneticcitationsrcabbrsrcidrn
8264533175reycane*Tibeto-Burman20.1Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)0Weidert 87 TBToAW-TBT7540
30375533177reycane / rattan / rope*Tibeto-Burman20.1Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)0Matisoff 85 GSTCJAM-GSTC0530
5157615332012reycane / rattan / rope*Tibeto-Burman20.1Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)0Matisoff 03 HPTBJAM-HPTB6100
60813533181reystring, thread*Tibeto-Burman20.1Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)0LaPolla 87RJL-DPTB1510
72429533182reyrattan, cane*Tibeto-Burman20.1Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)0Benedict 72 STCSTC4780
72150533182rwi(y)cane (plant)*Tibeto-Burman20.1Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)0Benedict 72 STCSTC2010
5158185332012s-|rwi(y)cane / rattan / rope*Tibeto-Burman20.1Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)0Matisoff 03 HPTBJAM-HPTB6110
146203533,1629,533,1629190rí-bí, ri-buicreeper of any sort; cane, wire, rope, stringPadam-Mishing [Abor-Miri]741.1.1.2Eastern Tani1Matisoff 85 GSTCJAM-GSTC0530
70372p,533195tə◦rücane plantPadam-Mishing [Abor-Miri]741.1.1.2Eastern Tani1Benedict 72 STCSTC2010
70371533,533527tərui ⪤ təroicane plantDigaro61.1.2Deng1Benedict 72 STCSTC2010
5009985331920ruy ⪤ hruyROPE / CORD / STRING / RATTAN*Chin81.2Kuki-Chin1VanBik 09 PKCKVB-PKC9670
70370533815hrwicane plant*Kuki81.2Kuki-Chin1Benedict 72 STCSTC2010
4463445331930guirope, cordPaite681.2.1.1Northern Chin1VanBik 09 PKCKVB-PKC9670
4463455331928guirope, stringCho (Mindat)691.2.1.2Southern Plains Chin1VanBik 09 PKCKVB-PKC9670
4463465331949ɣɨ¹cordDaai691.2.1.2Southern Plains Chin1VanBik 09 PKCKVB-PKC9670
4463475331929vuuyvine type with thorns, used to make baskets; string on a zitherKhumi691.2.1.2Southern Plains Chin1VanBik 09 PKCKVB-PKC9670
4463415331947hrîirope, cord, rattanLai (Hakha)701.2.2Central Chin1VanBik 09 PKCKVB-PKC9670
4463425331923hríirope, cordLai (Falam)701.2.2Central Chin1VanBik 09 PKCKVB-PKC9670
4463435331924hrǔirope, cord, cane, string, a creeperLushai [Mizo]701.2.2Central Chin1VanBik 09 PKCKVB-PKC9670
70369533984hrwicane plantLushai [Mizo]701.2.2Central Chin1Benedict 72 STCSTC2010
162042p,517,533862məˊpə̆lɛ⁴ri¹navelLailenpi711.2.3Maraic1Luce 85GHL-PPBN.160
117744m,517,533871(pa-|)lia-riumbilical cordLakher [Mara]711.2.3Maraic1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
4463405331921khàw-hrícord, stringLakher [Mara]711.2.3Maraic1VanBik 09 PKCKVB-PKC9670
118054530,533871tha-riblood vessel / vein / arteryLakher [Mara]711.2.3Maraic1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
118078530,533871tha-rinerveLakher [Mara]711.2.3Maraic1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
118107530,533871tha-risinew / tendonLakher [Mara]711.2.3Maraic1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
161938517,5331700la⁵rwi⁴navelZotung711.2.3Maraic1Luce 85GHL-PPBN.160
131720m,533805məti ruisinew / tendon (muscle to bone)Kom Rem721.2.4“Old Kuki”0Toba 91 KRQT-KomRQ8.50
131721232,533805ru ruiligament (bone to bone)Kom Rem721.2.4“Old Kuki”0Toba 91 KRQT-KomRQ8.60
131728m,533805rəlhə ruinerveKom Rem721.2.4“Old Kuki”0Toba 91 KRQT-KomRQ8.100
131723530,533805rətʰə ruiblood vessel / vein / arteryKom Rem721.2.4“Old Kuki”0Toba 91 KRQT-KomRQ8.7.10
150418m,5331112šiŋ◦ríblood vessel / vein / arteryMoyon721.2.4“Old Kuki”0Kosha 90DK-Moyon8.7.10
619269p,5332229a-(h)rəjCANE, RATTAN*Central Naga631.3.1Central Naga (Ao Group)1Bruhn 14 PCNDWB-PCNIII.1100
619076p,5332228a-hɹəCANE, RATTAN*Ao631.3.1Central Naga (Ao Group)1Bruhn 14 PCNDWB-PCNII.3030
619598p,5332226a³-ɹə¹cane, rattann.Ao (Chungli)631.3.1Central Naga (Ao Group)1Bruhn 14 PCNDWB-PCNII.3030
239377p,533270a◦rercreeperAo (Chungli)631.3.1Central Naga (Ao Group)1Marrison 67 NagaGEM-CNL0
617967p,533275³a¹rcaneAo (Chungli)631.3.1Central Naga (Ao Group)1Weidert 87 TBToAW-TBT9270
238620p,533273a◦rücanenAo (Mongsen: Longchang)631.3.1Central Naga (Ao Group)1Marrison 67 NagaGEM-CNL0
239378p,533273a◦rücreeperAo (Mongsen: Longchang)631.3.1Central Naga (Ao Group)1Marrison 67 NagaGEM-CNL0
450552p,5331963[a]-hɹəcane, rattann.Ao (Mongsen: Mangmetong)631.3.1Central Naga (Ao Group)1Coupe 07 AoARC-GMA0
620242p,5332231o¹-rəʔ³cane, rattann.Lotha Naga631.3.1Central Naga (Ao Group)1Bruhn 14 PCNDWB-PCNIII.1100
238626p,533963o◦rrucanenLotha Naga631.3.1Central Naga (Ao Group)1Marrison 67 NagaGEM-CNL0
617598p,5332220o◦rücaneLotha Naga631.3.1Central Naga (Ao Group)1Murry 78LLC-ALV140
316646533,m961rə̄◦phàroll of caneLotha Naga631.3.1Central Naga (Ao Group)1Acharya 75ACH19750
618006p,533962¹o³rɯcaneLotha Naga631.3.1Central Naga (Ao Group)1Weidert 87 TBToAW-TBT9270
238639p,5331640a◦lhucanenYacham-Tengsa631.3.1Central Naga (Ao Group)1Marrison 67 NagaGEM-CNL0
2690p,5331671²ti◦²re [¹]caneYimchungrü631.3.1Central Naga (Ao Group)1Weidert 87 TBToAW-TBT1010
248194p,533252ke◦reropenAngami (Khonoma)651.3.2Angami-Pochuri Group1Marrison 67 NagaGEM-CNL0
239374p,533252ke◦recreeperAngami (Khonoma)651.3.2Angami-Pochuri Group1Marrison 67 NagaGEM-CNL0
239375p,533252ke◦rocreeperAngami (Khonoma)651.3.2Angami-Pochuri Group1Marrison 67 NagaGEM-CNL0
239376p,533254ke◦riecreeperAngami (Kohima)651.3.2Angami-Pochuri Group1Marrison 67 NagaGEM-CNL0
238632p,5331335te◦racanenRengma651.3.2Angami-Pochuri Group1Marrison 67 NagaGEM-CNL0
6411p,5331338¹tʌ³ricaneRengma (Southern)651.3.2Angami-Pochuri Group1Weidert 87 TBToAW-TBT7540
251084m,5331382ake◦ghithreadSema [Sumi]651.3.2Angami-Pochuri Group1Marrison 67 NagaGEM-CNL0
248212m,5331382ake◦ghiropenSema [Sumi]651.3.2Angami-Pochuri Group1Marrison 67 NagaGEM-CNL0
238622m,533790sa◦ruicanenKhoirao641.3.3Zeme Group1Marrison 67 NagaGEM-CNL0
64125331346ruicaneRongmei / Nruanghmei641.3.3Zeme Group1Weidert 87 TBToAW-TBT7540
2386305331347ruicanenRongmei / Nruanghmei641.3.3Zeme Group1Marrison 67 NagaGEM-CNL0
239397m,5331694bung◦ruicreeperZeme641.3.3Zeme Group1Marrison 67 NagaGEM-CNL0
5291645332031hrojrope / string / thread needle*Tangkhulic661.3.4Tangkhulic1Mortensen 12 TkDRM-Tk7560
30284p,5331473khə◦rùystring flowersTangkhul661.3.4Tangkhulic1Matisoff 85 GSTCJAM-GSTC1760
3067025331470ruystringTangkhul661.3.4Tangkhulic1Bhat 69 TNVBhat-TNV980
3053505331470creeperTangkhul661.3.4Tangkhulic1Bhat 69 TNVBhat-TNV870
2689m,5331469¹khə²rəcaneTangkhul661.3.4Tangkhulic1Weidert 87 TBToAW-TBT1010
2688m,m,5331469¹mə¹thi²rəcaneTangkhul661.3.4Tangkhulic1Weidert 87 TBToAW-TBT1010
620840m,5332024ʔə-hrɯropeTusom661.3.4Tangkhulic1Mortensen 12 TkDRM-TkImplements.0270
527806m,5332025kʰə-rujthread a needle to string flowersUkhrul661.3.4Tangkhulic1Mortensen 12 TkDRM-Tk0
2386465331041licanenMeithei131.4Meithei1Marrison 67 NagaGEM-CNL0
118059537,5331042sing◦liblood vessel / vein / arteryMeithei131.4Meithei1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
10629537,5331040siŋ◦linerveMeithei131.4Meithei1Singh 91 MeiQCYS-Meithei8.100
10626537,5331040siŋ◦liblood vessel / vein / arteryMeithei131.4Meithei1Singh 91 MeiQCYS-Meithei8.7.10
238642533531raicanenDimasa801.7.1.1Bodo1Marrison 67 NagaGEM-CNL0
29382533532rairattan, caneDimasa801.7.1.1Bodo1Matisoff 85 GSTCJAM-GSTC0530
59993533533rairattan, caneDimasa801.7.1.1Bodo1LaPolla 87RJL-DPTB1510
59992533578restring, threadGaro811.7.1.2Garo1LaPolla 87RJL-DPTB1510
144854m,520,533581gan-du-rinavel, belly buttonGaro (Bangladesh)811.7.1.2Garo1Burling 92 GaBaRB-GB0
466075m,520,5331945gan-du-rinavelnGaro (Bangladesh)811.7.1.2Garo1Burling 03 GaroRB-LMMG6.245-II:idx0
474040m,520,5331973gan◦dy◦ruibellybutton, navelnAtong821.7.1.3Koch1van Breugel 08 AtongSVB-GA0
29385533160reycane / rattan / rope*Northern Naga121.7.2Northern Naga/Konyakian1Matisoff 85 GSTCJAM-GSTC0530
78603533161reycane*Northern Naga121.7.2Northern Naga/Konyakian1French 83WTF-PNN4660
2386295331188ricanenNocte841.7.2.1Tangsa-Nocte1Marrison 67 NagaGEM-CNL0
293875331189ricane / rattan / ropeNocte841.7.2.1Tangsa-Nocte1Matisoff 85 GSTCJAM-GSTC0530
2386365331489ricanenTangsa (Moshang)841.7.2.1Tangsa-Nocte1Marrison 67 NagaGEM-CNL0
293865331103ricane / rattan / ropeTangsa (Moshang)841.7.2.1Tangsa-Nocte1Matisoff 85 GSTCJAM-GSTC0530
165157231,5331489tag◦ribloodTangsa (Moshang)841.7.2.1Tangsa-Nocte1Marrison 67 NagaGEM-CNL0
238621533429licanenChang851.7.2.2Konyak-Chang1Marrison 67 NagaGEM-CNL0
29390533431licane / rattan / ropeChang851.7.2.2Konyak-Chang1Matisoff 85 GSTCJAM-GSTC0530
238624533807weicanenKonyak851.7.2.2Konyak-Chang1Marrison 67 NagaGEM-CNL0
29389533808weicane / rattan / ropeKonyak851.7.2.2Konyak-Chang1Matisoff 85 GSTCJAM-GSTC0530
2386385331628recanenWancho851.7.2.2Konyak-Chang1Marrison 67 NagaGEM-CNL0
2476625331628rereedWancho851.7.2.2Konyak-Chang1Marrison 67 NagaGEM-CNL0
293885331630recane / rattan / ropeWancho851.7.2.2Konyak-Chang1Matisoff 85 GSTCJAM-GSTC0530
59988m,533684gin◦rifine threadJingpho371.7.3.1Jingpho1LaPolla 87RJL-DPTB1510
59987533684rirattan, cane, cord, stringJingpho371.7.3.1Jingpho1LaPolla 87RJL-DPTB1510
201504p,533690sum³³ʒi³³ropeJingpho371.7.3.1Jingpho1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC422.470
248219p,533,p,533669sum◦ri, śiŋ-rirope, cordnJingpho371.7.3.1Jingpho1Marrison 67 NagaGEM-CNL0
72823630,533,366547kəm◦ri◦səmmoustacheDumi772.3.3Central Kiranti1Driem 93 DumiSVD-Dum0
59986533996ricaneMagar282.4Kham-Magar-Chepang1LaPolla 87RJL-DPTB1510
2014905331147ʐ |ɿ⁵⁵ropeNamuyi343.2Qiangic1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC422.190
3768195331844ʐɿ⁵⁵rope / stringnNamuyi343.2Qiangic1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0619.460
59995m,5331322sia³³ li⁵⁵string, threadQiang (Taoping)343.2Qiangic1LaPolla 87RJL-DPTB1510
201435m,5331323siɑ³³li⁵⁵threadQiang (Taoping)343.2Qiangic1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC421.90
3767905331812re⁵⁵rope / stringnXumi343.2Qiangic1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0619.170
2015165331409rɐ³⁵ropeXumi343.2Qiangic1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC422.200
201513m,533557sɯ ʐiropeErgong (Danba)353.3rGyalrongic1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC422.140
330231m,5665,5331797sɐ-fko-riʔcarry strapCaodeng783.3.1rGyalrong1Sun J 97 CaoJS-Caodeng0
59991m,5331203ban-rirope, stringAnong384Nungic1LaPolla 87RJL-DPTB1510
59990p,5331203sə◦rithreadAnong384Nungic1LaPolla 87RJL-DPTB1510
59989p,5331203thə◦ricaneAnong384Nungic1LaPolla 87RJL-DPTB1510
303637p,5331754tə◦ricaneAnong (Rawang)384Nungic1Benedict 72 STCSTC56n1850
303639p,5331740tə◦rụcaneAnong (Rawang/Lungmi)384Nungic1Benedict 72 STCSTC56n1850
59984m,533539tsɯ³¹ ri⁵⁵string, threadTrung [Dulong] (Dulonghe)384Nungic1LaPolla 87RJL-DPTB1510
40248m,533540pɯ³¹ ɹi⁵³navelTrung [Dulong] (Nujiang)384Nungic1Sun H 82 DulJZ-Dulong0
59985m,533541tsɯ³¹ ri⁵³string, threadTrung [Dulong] (Nujiang)384Nungic1LaPolla 87RJL-DPTB1510
43947535,5331669gu³³ ʑi³³muscle / sinewYi (Xide)466.1.2.1Northern Loloish1Chen 85 YiJZJZ-Yi0
10101535,5331667gu³³-ɕi³³muscleYi (Xide)466.1.2.1Northern Loloish1Chen 79 YiChCSL-YIzd0
5295155332038reᴮrattan*Karen507Karenic1Luangthongkum 13TL-PK2350
5297565332039ɣe¹rattan*Karen [Burling]507Karenic1Luangthongkum 13TL-PK2350
5308615332043ri¹¹rattanKayah507Karenic1Luangthongkum 13TL-PK2350
5305605332042rai¹¹rattanKayan507Karenic1Luangthongkum 13TL-PK2350
4983212623,5331981rō◦rēkrait, banded cane snake [lit. snake-rattan]NKayan (Pekon)507Karenic1Manson 10 KayanKM-Kayan0
5314135332045ri¹¹rattanKayaw507Karenic1Luangthongkum 13TL-PK2350
5300035332040re⁵³rattanPa-O (Northern)507Karenic1Luangthongkum 13TL-PK2350
5302695332041re⁵⁵rattanPa-O (Southern)507Karenic1Luangthongkum 13TL-PK2350
5323185332048ɣi¹¹¨rattanPwo (Northern)507Karenic1Luangthongkum 13TL-PK2350
5326075332049ɣi³³rattanPwo (Southern)507Karenic1Luangthongkum 13TL-PK2350
5320285332047re³¹rattanSgaw (Southern)507Karenic1Luangthongkum 13TL-PK2350
5317245332046ɣe¹¹¨rattanSgaw (Northern)507Karenic1Luangthongkum 13TL-PK2350
14948p,533746a³¹ ɣi³¹muscleKaren (Sgaw/Hinthada)507Karenic1Dai 89 KarBDQ-KarenB1620
14726533747ɣi³¹muscleKaren (Sgaw/Yue)507Karenic1Dai 89 KarADQ-KarenA1620

Chinese comparandum

纍/累/縲 OC *li̯wər, GSR #577f, r-s ‘wind around, bind, rope’; Schuessler 2007:346 *rui; B & S 2011: *roj {[r]oj}; Mand. léi.
櫐/藟 OC *li̯wər, GSR #577e, g ‘creeping plant’; Schuessler 2007:346 *ruiʔ; Mand. lěi.
綸 OC *li̯wən, GSR #470e ‘woof; twist a thread; cord’; Schuessler 2007:370 *run; B & S 2011: *k.run {k.ru[n]}; Mand. lún.
杞 S422


^ 1.
See HPTB:194.