STEDT Etymon #476

Two forms with final velar stop (Bokar Lhoba gum pɯk and Tsangla Motuo ʔa pak taŋ ‘mouth’) seem at first glance to be related to this root. However, Bokar nap pang and Tsangla no waŋ ‘mouth’ suggest that a separate root is involved.

The resemblance of these stop-finalled forms to Thai (cf. Siamese pàak ‘mouth’) seems quite fortuitous.

So far the nasal prefix has only been found in Qiangic.

rn	analysis	lgid	reflex	gloss	gfn	language	grpid	grpno	grp	genetic	citation	srcabbr	srcid	rn
283027	476	173	fi-\|buŋ	beak		*Tani	5	1.1.1	Tani	1	Sun J 93 HCST	JS-HCST	18	0
173086	476	287	hi-\|bu	beak		Apatani	73	1.1.1.1	Western Tani	1	Sun J 93 HCST	JS-HCST		0
151136	476	285	hí-\|bu	beak / bill		Apatani	73	1.1.1.1	Western Tani	1	Sun J 93 Tani	JS-Tani		0
151139	476	286	hi-\|bu	beak / bill		Apatani	73	1.1.1.1	Western Tani	1	Sun J 93 Tani	JS-Tani		0
173087	476	333	fi-\|buŋ	beak		Bengni	73	1.1.1.1	Western Tani	1	Sun J 93 HCST	JS-HCST		0
151137	476	334	fi-\|buŋ	beak / bill		Bengni	73	1.1.1.1	Western Tani	1	Sun J 93 Tani	JS-Tani		0
173088	476	360	ji-\|buŋ	beak		Bokar	73	1.1.1.1	Western Tani	1	Sun J 93 HCST	JS-HCST		0
151138	476	365	ji-\|buŋ	beak / bill		Bokar	73	1.1.1.1	Western Tani	1	Sun J 93 Tani	JS-Tani		0
349324	470,476	1820	nap paŋ	mouth	n	Bokar	73	1.1.1.1	Western Tani	1	Huang and Dai 92 TBL	TBL	0084.24	0
156620	470,476	365	nap-paŋ	mouth		Bokar	73	1.1.1.1	Western Tani	1	Sun J 93 Tani	JS-Tani		0
381492	454,476	1820	ɦam paŋ	side	n	Bokar	73	1.1.1.1	Western Tani	1	Huang and Dai 92 TBL	TBL	0709.24	0
381974	454,476	1820	ɦam pəŋ	edge / rim / margin	n	Bokar	73	1.1.1.1	Western Tani	1	Huang and Dai 92 TBL	TBL	0718.24	0
41340	6324,476	366	gum◦pɯk	mouth		Bokar Lhoba	73	1.1.1.1	Western Tani	1	Sun H 80 MLD	SLZO-MLD		0
183095	454,476	368	ham paŋ	edge		Bokar Lhoba	73	1.1.1.1	Western Tani	1	Sun H 91 ZMYY	ZMYYC	61.51	0
192326	470,476	368	nap paŋ	mouth		Bokar Lhoba	73	1.1.1.1	Western Tani	1	Sun H 91 ZMYY	ZMYYC	242.51	0
41339	470,476	366	nap◦paŋ	mouth		Bokar Lhoba	73	1.1.1.1	Western Tani	1	Sun H 80 MLD	SLZO-MLD		0
44268	476	564	ibu	beak / bill		Galo	73	1.1.1.1	Western Tani	1	Das Gupta 63 Gal	KDG-IGL		0
489327	476	1979	iibuu	beak	n.	Galo	73	1.1.1.1	Western Tani	1	Rɨbaa,Post,et al. 09	GLDC-GED		0
44207	470,476	564	nap-pa	mouth		Galo	73	1.1.1.1	Western Tani	1	Das Gupta 63 Gal	KDG-IGL		2
45858	476	1444	ibuŋ	beak / bill		Tagin	73	1.1.1.1	Western Tani	1	Das Gupta 83 Tag	KDG-Tag		0
117560	470,476	189	nâp-pang	mouth		Padam-Mishing [Abor-Miri]	74	1.1.1.2	Eastern Tani	1	Matisoff 87 BP	JAM-Ety		0
35351	m,476	659	lãm◦bõ	beak / bill		Idu	6	1.1.2	Deng	1	Pulu 78	JP-Idu		0
162364	m,476	221	lə̆◦bɛãᴜ⁵	mouth, lips		Khumi (Ahraing)	69	1.2.1.2	Southern Plains Chin	1	Luce 85	GHL-PPB	O.16	0
162363	476	1633	mrɔ̆ŋ⁴	mouth, lips		Womatu	69	1.2.1.2	Southern Plains Chin	1	Luce 85	GHL-PPB	O.16	0
619353	476	2229	paŋ	MOUTH		*Central Naga	63	1.3.1	Central Naga (Ao Group)	1	Bruhn 14 PCN	DWB-PCN	III.194	0
618780	476	2228	t-\|paŋ	MOUTH		*Ao	63	1.3.1	Central Naga (Ao Group)	1	Bruhn 14 PCN	DWB-PCN	II.007	0
619909	476,366	2226	paŋ³səm¹	beard, facial hair	n.	Ao (Chungli)	63	1.3.1	Central Naga (Ao Group)	1	Bruhn 14 PCN	DWB-PCN	III.121	0
166243	p,476	270	te◦bang	mouth		Ao (Chungli)	63	1.3.1	Central Naga (Ao Group)	1	Marrison 67 Naga	GEM-CNL		0
166159	p,476,m	270	te◦bang◦mechi	lip		Ao (Chungli)	63	1.3.1	Central Naga (Ao Group)	1	Marrison 67 Naga	GEM-CNL		0
620068	p,476	2226	tə²-paŋ²	mouth	n.	Ao (Chungli)	63	1.3.1	Central Naga (Ao Group)	1	Bruhn 14 PCN	DWB-PCN	II.007	0
166160	p,476,m	273	tü◦bang◦metsü	lip		Ao (Mongsen: Longchang)	63	1.3.1	Central Naga (Ao Group)	1	Marrison 67 Naga	GEM-CNL		0
166244	p,476	273	tü◦pang	mouth		Ao (Mongsen: Longchang)	63	1.3.1	Central Naga (Ao Group)	1	Marrison 67 Naga	GEM-CNL		0
451453	1612,476,m	1963	im-paŋ məphu	ward, upper ('village' + 'mouth' + 'ward')	n.	Ao (Mongsen: Mangmetong)	63	1.3.1	Central Naga (Ao Group)	1	Coupe 07 Ao	ARC-GMA		0
450952	476,783	1963	paŋ-kəp	lip	n.	Ao (Mongsen: Mangmetong)	63	1.3.1	Central Naga (Ao Group)	1	Coupe 07 Ao	ARC-GMA		0
451002	p,476	1963	[tə]-paŋ	mouth, beak	n.	Ao (Mongsen: Mangmetong)	63	1.3.1	Central Naga (Ao Group)	1	Coupe 07 Ao	ARC-GMA		0
450709	p,m,476	1963	[tə]-thəm-paŋ	edge ('end' + 'mouth')		Ao (Mongsen: Mangmetong)	63	1.3.1	Central Naga (Ao Group)	1	Coupe 07 Ao	ARC-GMA		0
620360	p,476	2231	o¹-pəŋ¹	mouth	n.	Lotha Naga	63	1.3.1	Central Naga (Ao Group)	1	Bruhn 14 PCN	DWB-PCN	III.194	0
132642	p,476	965	o◦bung	mouth		Lotha Naga	63	1.3.1	Central Naga (Ao Group)	1	Nienu 90 LotQ	VN-LothQ	3.7	0
166250	p,476	963	o◦pang	mouth		Lotha Naga	63	1.3.1	Central Naga (Ao Group)	1	Marrison 67 Naga	GEM-CNL		0
617572	p,476	2220	o◦püng	mouth		Lotha Naga	63	1.3.1	Central Naga (Ao Group)	1	Murry 78	LLC-ALV	76	0
166262	476	1364	pe	mouth		Sangtam	63	1.3.1	Central Naga (Ao Group)	1	Marrison 67 Naga	GEM-CNL		0
166267	p,476	1640	ta◦bang	mouth		Yacham-Tengsa	63	1.3.1	Central Naga (Ao Group)	1	Marrison 67 Naga	GEM-CNL		0
166254	p,476	1050	a◦po	mouth		Meluri	65	1.3.2	Angami-Pochuri Group	1	Marrison 67 Naga	GEM-CNL		0
168965	p,476	1196	a◦pan	mouth		Ntenyi	65	1.3.2	Angami-Pochuri Group	1	Marrison 67 Naga	GEM-CNL		0
166258	p,476	1196	a◦pang	mouth		Ntenyi	65	1.3.2	Angami-Pochuri Group	1	Marrison 67 Naga	GEM-CNL		0
236924	476	1347	pang	bank (edge)		Rongmei / Nruanghmei	64	1.3.3	Zeme Group	1	Marrison 67 Naga	GEM-CNL		0
320800	476,273	350	pu◦gá	mouth		Bodo	80	1.7.1.1	Bodo	1	Bhat 68 Boro	Bhat-Boro		0
117564	476,273	352	pu◦gá	mouth		Bodo	80	1.7.1.1	Bodo	1	Matisoff 87 BP	JAM-Ety		0
78193	m,476	435	sam puŋ	point, rim, mouth		Chang	85	1.7.2.2	Konyak-Chang	1	French 83	WTF-PNN	524	0
78145	m,476,783	435	sam puŋ kop	lip		Chang	85	1.7.2.2	Konyak-Chang	1	French 83	WTF-PNN	515	0
166245	m,476	429	sam◦pung	mouth		Chang	85	1.7.2.2	Konyak-Chang	1	Marrison 67 Naga	GEM-CNL		0
166161	m,476,783	429	sam◦pung◦kop	lip		Chang	85	1.7.2.2	Konyak-Chang	1	Marrison 67 Naga	GEM-CNL		0
6246	m,476	428	sʌ̀mˇ-bùŋ	mouth		Chang	85	1.7.2.2	Konyak-Chang	1	Weidert 87 TBTo	AW-TBT	736	0
117549	273,476	724	khā◦prā	mouth		Kaike	22	2.1.2	Bodic	1	Matisoff 87 BP	JAM-Ety		0
62010	470,476	1098	no◦wang	mouth		Tsangla (Central)	22	2.1.2	Bodic	1	Egli-Roduner	SER-HSLT	32 10	0
169007	470,476	1095	nu◦wang	mouth		Tsangla (Central)	22	2.1.2	Bodic	1	Andvik 93	EA-Tsh	8	0
39258	470,476	1085	no¹³ waŋ¹³	mouth		Tsangla (Motuo)	22	2.1.2	Bodic	1	Zhang Jichuan 86	JZ-CLMenba		0
39260	470,476,783,m	1085	no¹³ waŋ¹³ kʰop⁵⁵ taŋ⁵⁵	lip		Tsangla (Motuo)	22	2.1.2	Bodic	1	Zhang Jichuan 86	JZ-CLMenba		0
42184	470,476	1086	no◦waŋ	mouth		Tsangla (Motuo)	22	2.1.2	Bodic	1	Sun H 80 MLD	SLZO-MLD		0
192305	470,476	1088	no◦waŋ	mouth		Tsangla (Motuo)	22	2.1.2	Bodic	1	Sun H 91 ZMYY	ZMYYC	242.7	0
192356	470,476,783,m	1088	no◦waŋ khop◦taŋ	lip		Tsangla (Motuo)	22	2.1.2	Bodic	1	Sun H 91 ZMYY	ZMYYC	243.7	0
42185	p,476,822	1086	ʔa◦pak◦taŋ	mouth		Tsangla (Motuo)	22	2.1.2	Bodic	1	Sun H 80 MLD	SLZO-MLD		0
39424	470,476	1089	no-waŋ	mouth		Tsangla (Tilang)	22	2.1.2	Bodic	1	Zhang Jichuan 86	JZ-CLMenba		0
39425	470,476,783,m	1089	no-waŋ-kʰop-taŋ	lip		Tsangla (Tilang)	22	2.1.2	Bodic	1	Zhang Jichuan 86	JZ-CLMenba		0
39429	470,476,366	1089	no-waŋ-sum	beard		Tsangla (Tilang)	22	2.1.2	Bodic	1	Zhang Jichuan 86	JZ-CLMenba		0
114525	p,476	894	a-bon̊	beak / bill		Lepcha	21	2.1.3	Lepcha	1	Matisoff 87 BP	JAM-Ety		0
117552	p,476	894	a-bon̊	mouth		Lepcha	21	2.1.3	Lepcha	1	Matisoff 87 BP	JAM-Ety		0
114524	476	894	bon̊	beak / bill		Lepcha	21	2.1.3	Lepcha	1	Matisoff 87 BP	JAM-Ety		0
128785	686,476,596,590	562	sɿ⁵⁵ mphɑ⁵⁵ ndʐo⁵⁵ pi⁵⁵	lip		Ersu	34	3.2	Qiangic	1	Sun H 91 ErsQ	SHK-ErsCQ		3
128795	686,476	562	sɿ⁵⁵ nphɑ⁵⁵	mouth		Ersu	34	3.2	Qiangic	1	Sun H 91 ErsQ	SHK-ErsCQ		0
192335	686,476	561	sɿ⁵⁵nphɑ⁵⁵	mouth		Ersu	34	3.2	Qiangic	1	Sun H 91 ZMYY	ZMYYC	242.18	0
192386	686,476,596,590	561	sɿ⁵⁵nphɑ⁵⁵ndʐo⁵⁵pi⁵⁵	lip		Ersu	34	3.2	Qiangic	1	Sun H 91 ZMYY	ZMYYC	243.18	0
128950	m,476	594	ũ⁵⁵ pa⁵³	mouth		Guiqiong	34	3.2	Qiangic	1	Sun H 91 GuiQ	SHK-GuiqQ		0
129911	476,686,m,586	1146	mpʰ◦sɿ⁵◦⁵ɦəʴ³³◦qu⁵⁵	lip		Namuyi	34	3.2	Qiangic	1	Sun H 91 NamQ	SHK-NamuQ	3.9	0
42859	803,476,m	1304	xiɛ̃¹³ pu¹³ lɑ⁵⁵	lip		Pumi (Qinghua)	34	3.2	Qiangic	1	Lu 83 Pumi	JZ-Pumi		0
43001	471,476,m	1307	n̥ɐ³⁵ pu³⁵ la⁵³	lip		Pumi (Taoba)	34	3.2	Qiangic	1	Lu 83 Pumi	JZ-Pumi		0
37565	442,476	1316	tshə◦b [β]	lip		Qiang (Mawo)	34	3.2	Qiangic	1	Sun J 86 Mawo	JS-Mawo		0
9515	467,476	1148	ȵe̱⁵⁵ pu²¹	mouth		Nasu	46	6.1.2.1	Northern Loloish	1	Chen 86 Yi	CK-YiQ	3.7	0
43654	467,476	1656	mi¹³ pu²¹	mouth		Yi (Dafang)	46	6.1.2.1	Northern Loloish	1	Chen 85 YiJZ	JZ-Yi		0
131997	453,476,467,441	1379	bɒ²¹pɒ³³; ni⁵⁵ȵɛ³³	mouth		Sani [Nyi]	47	6.1.2.2	Central Loloish	1	Wu 84	YHJC-Sani		0
117538	467,476	229	meh˯ boe˯	snout / mouth		Akha	48	6.1.2.3	Southern Loloish	1	Matisoff 87 BP	JAM-Ety		0
51242	467,476	344	man◦pɔ̀ŋ	mouth		Bisu	48	6.1.2.3	Southern Loloish	1	Beaudouin 88 Bisu	PB-Bisu	15	0
40521	467,476	629	me³¹ bɔ³¹	mouth		Hani (Dazhai)	48	6.1.2.3	Southern Loloish	1	Li Yongsui 86 Hani	JZ-Hani		0
40675	467,476	630	mɛ³¹ bø³¹	mouth		Hani (Gelanghe)	48	6.1.2.3	Southern Loloish	1	Li Yongsui 86 Hani	JZ-Hani		0
117539	453,476	1286	bam◦fòn	mouth		Côông [Phunoi]	48	6.1.2.3	Southern Loloish	1	Matisoff 87 BP	JAM-Ety		0
16786	453,476	1285	bɑm³³ fon¹¹	mouth		Côông [Phunoi]	48	6.1.2.3	Southern Loloish	1	Bradley xx Phu	DB-Phunoi		0
127471	3442,453,476	1290	hija ban põ³¹	beak / bill		Côông [Phunoi]	48	6.1.2.3	Southern Loloish	1	Ferlus 91	MF-PhnQ	3.9.3	0
349350	468,476	1849	kho³¹bu³³	mouth	n	Karen	50	7	Karenic	1	Huang and Dai 92 TBL	TBL	0084.50	0
496800	m,476	1981	ka◦plō	mouth	N	Kayan (Pekon)	50	7	Karenic	1	Manson 10 Kayan	KM-Kayan		0
496802	m,476,m	1981	ka◦plō◦pʰè	lips [lit. mouth-skin]	N	Kayan (Pekon)	50	7	Karenic	1	Manson 10 Kayan	KM-Kayan		0
307721	m,476	1235	pèʔ phrɔ̂ŋ	close mouth		Pa-O	50	7	Karenic	1	Solnit 89 PaO	DBS-PaO		0
309138	476	1235	phrɔ̂ŋ	mouth		Pa-O	50	7	Karenic	1	Solnit 89 PaO	DBS-PaO		0
117523	476	1238	phrɔ̂ŋ	mouth		Pa-O	50	7	Karenic	1	Matisoff 87 BP	JAM-Ety		0
57674	476	1242	phrɔ̂ŋ	mouth		Pa-O	50	7	Karenic	1	Jones 61	RBJ-KLS	668	0
114514	476,2096	1238	phrɔ̂ŋ◦bí	beak / bill		Pa-O	50	7	Karenic	1	Matisoff 87 BP	JAM-Ety		0
57682	476,2096	1242	phrɔ̂ŋ◦bí	beak / bill		Pa-O	50	7	Karenic	1	Jones 61	RBJ-KLS	691	0
309264	474,476	1235	ʔàŋ phrɔ̂ŋ	open mouth		Pa-O	50	7	Karenic	1	Solnit 89 PaO	DBS-PaO		0
14894	468,476	746	ho³¹ bu³³	mouth		Karen (Sgaw/Hinthada)	50	7	Karenic	1	Dai 89 KarB	DQ-KarenB	110	0
14685	468,476	747	ko³¹ pu³³	mouth		Karen (Sgaw/Yue)	50	7	Karenic	1	Dai 89 KarA	DQ-KarenA	110	0

analysis

lgid

reflex

gloss

gfn

language

grpid

grpno

grp

genetic

citation

srcabbr

srcid

283027

476

173

fi-|buŋ

beak

*Tani

1.1.1

Tani

Sun J 93 HCST

JS-HCST

173086

476

287

hi-|bu

beak

Apatani

1.1.1.1

Western Tani

Sun J 93 HCST

JS-HCST

151136

476

285

hí-|bu

beak / bill

Apatani

1.1.1.1

Western Tani

Sun J 93 Tani

JS-Tani

151139

476

286

hi-|bu

beak / bill

Apatani

1.1.1.1

Western Tani

Sun J 93 Tani

JS-Tani

173087

476

333

fi-|buŋ

beak

Bengni

1.1.1.1

Western Tani

Sun J 93 HCST

JS-HCST

151137

476

334

fi-|buŋ

beak / bill

Bengni

1.1.1.1

Western Tani

Sun J 93 Tani

JS-Tani

173088

476

360

ji-|buŋ

beak

Bokar

1.1.1.1

Western Tani

Sun J 93 HCST

JS-HCST

151138

476

365

ji-|buŋ

beak / bill

Bokar

1.1.1.1

Western Tani

Sun J 93 Tani

JS-Tani

349324

470,476

1820

nap paŋ

mouth

Bokar

1.1.1.1

Western Tani

Huang and Dai 92 TBL

TBL

0084.24

156620

470,476

365

nap-paŋ

mouth

Bokar

1.1.1.1

Western Tani

Sun J 93 Tani

JS-Tani

381492

454,476

1820

ɦam paŋ

side

Bokar

1.1.1.1

Western Tani

Huang and Dai 92 TBL

TBL

0709.24

381974

454,476

1820

ɦam pəŋ

edge / rim / margin

Bokar

1.1.1.1

Western Tani

Huang and Dai 92 TBL

TBL

0718.24

41340

6324,476

366

gum◦pɯk

mouth

Bokar Lhoba

1.1.1.1

Western Tani

Sun H 80 MLD

SLZO-MLD

183095

454,476

368

ham paŋ

edge

Bokar Lhoba

1.1.1.1

Western Tani

Sun H 91 ZMYY

ZMYYC

61.51

192326

470,476

368

nap paŋ

mouth

Bokar Lhoba

1.1.1.1

Western Tani

Sun H 91 ZMYY

ZMYYC

242.51

41339

470,476

366

nap◦paŋ

mouth

Bokar Lhoba

1.1.1.1

Western Tani

Sun H 80 MLD

SLZO-MLD

44268

476

564

ibu

beak / bill

Galo

1.1.1.1

Western Tani

Das Gupta 63 Gal

KDG-IGL

489327

476

1979

iibuu

beak

Galo

1.1.1.1

Western Tani

Rɨbaa,Post,et al. 09

GLDC-GED

44207

470,476

564

nap-pa

mouth

Galo

1.1.1.1

Western Tani

Das Gupta 63 Gal

KDG-IGL

45858

476

1444

ibuŋ

beak / bill

Tagin

1.1.1.1

Western Tani

Das Gupta 83 Tag

KDG-Tag

117560

470,476

189

nâp-pang

mouth

Padam-Mishing [Abor-Miri]

1.1.1.2

Eastern Tani

Matisoff 87 BP

JAM-Ety

35351

m,476

659

lãm◦bõ

beak / bill

Idu

1.1.2

Deng

Pulu 78

JP-Idu

162364

m,476

221

lə̆◦bɛãᴜ⁵

mouth, lips

Khumi (Ahraing)

1.2.1.2

Southern Plains Chin

Luce 85

GHL-PPB

O.16

162363

476

1633

mrɔ̆ŋ⁴

mouth, lips

Womatu

1.2.1.2

Southern Plains Chin

Luce 85

GHL-PPB

O.16

619353

476

2229

paŋ

MOUTH

*Central Naga

1.3.1

Central Naga (Ao Group)

Bruhn 14 PCN

DWB-PCN

III.194

618780

476

2228

t-|paŋ

MOUTH

*Ao

1.3.1

Central Naga (Ao Group)

Bruhn 14 PCN

DWB-PCN

II.007

619909

476,366

2226

paŋ³səm¹

beard, facial hair

Ao (Chungli)

1.3.1

Central Naga (Ao Group)

Bruhn 14 PCN

DWB-PCN

III.121

166243

p,476

270

te◦bang

mouth

Ao (Chungli)

1.3.1

Central Naga (Ao Group)

Marrison 67 Naga

GEM-CNL

166159

p,476,m

270

te◦bang◦mechi

lip

Ao (Chungli)

1.3.1

Central Naga (Ao Group)

Marrison 67 Naga

GEM-CNL

620068

p,476

2226

tə²-paŋ²

mouth

Ao (Chungli)

1.3.1

Central Naga (Ao Group)

Bruhn 14 PCN

DWB-PCN

II.007

166160

p,476,m

273

tü◦bang◦metsü

lip

Ao (Mongsen: Longchang)

1.3.1

Central Naga (Ao Group)

Marrison 67 Naga

GEM-CNL

166244

p,476

273

tü◦pang

mouth

Ao (Mongsen: Longchang)

1.3.1

Central Naga (Ao Group)

Marrison 67 Naga

GEM-CNL

451453

1612,476,m

1963

im-paŋ məphu

ward, upper ('village' + 'mouth' + 'ward')

Ao (Mongsen: Mangmetong)

1.3.1

Central Naga (Ao Group)

Coupe 07 Ao

ARC-GMA

450952

476,783

1963

paŋ-kəp

lip

Ao (Mongsen: Mangmetong)

1.3.1

Central Naga (Ao Group)

Coupe 07 Ao

ARC-GMA

451002

p,476

1963

[tə]-paŋ

mouth, beak

Ao (Mongsen: Mangmetong)

1.3.1

Central Naga (Ao Group)

Coupe 07 Ao

ARC-GMA

450709

p,m,476

1963

[tə]-thəm-paŋ

edge ('end' + 'mouth')

Ao (Mongsen: Mangmetong)

1.3.1

Central Naga (Ao Group)

Coupe 07 Ao

ARC-GMA

620360

p,476

2231

o¹-pəŋ¹

mouth

Lotha Naga

1.3.1

Central Naga (Ao Group)

Bruhn 14 PCN

DWB-PCN

III.194

132642

p,476

965

o◦bung

mouth

Lotha Naga

1.3.1

Central Naga (Ao Group)

Nienu 90 LotQ

VN-LothQ

3.7

166250

p,476

963

o◦pang

mouth

Lotha Naga

1.3.1

Central Naga (Ao Group)

Marrison 67 Naga

GEM-CNL

617572

p,476

2220

o◦püng

mouth

Lotha Naga

1.3.1

Central Naga (Ao Group)

Murry 78

LLC-ALV

166262

476

1364

mouth

Sangtam

1.3.1

Central Naga (Ao Group)

Marrison 67 Naga

GEM-CNL

166267

p,476

1640

ta◦bang

mouth

Yacham-Tengsa

1.3.1

Central Naga (Ao Group)

Marrison 67 Naga

GEM-CNL

166254

p,476

1050

a◦po

mouth

Meluri

1.3.2

Angami-Pochuri Group

Marrison 67 Naga

GEM-CNL

168965

p,476

1196

a◦pan

mouth

Ntenyi

1.3.2

Angami-Pochuri Group

Marrison 67 Naga

GEM-CNL

166258

p,476

1196

a◦pang

mouth

Ntenyi

1.3.2

Angami-Pochuri Group

Marrison 67 Naga

GEM-CNL

236924

476

1347

pang

bank (edge)

Rongmei / Nruanghmei

1.3.3

Zeme Group

Marrison 67 Naga

GEM-CNL

320800

476,273

350

pu◦gá

mouth

Bodo

1.7.1.1

Bodo

Bhat 68 Boro

Bhat-Boro

117564

476,273

352

pu◦gá

mouth

Bodo

1.7.1.1

Bodo

Matisoff 87 BP

JAM-Ety

78193

m,476

435

sam puŋ

point, rim, mouth

Chang

1.7.2.2

Konyak-Chang

French 83

WTF-PNN

524

78145

m,476,783

435

sam puŋ kop

lip

Chang

1.7.2.2

Konyak-Chang

French 83

WTF-PNN

515

166245

m,476

429

sam◦pung

mouth

Chang

1.7.2.2

Konyak-Chang

Marrison 67 Naga

GEM-CNL

166161

m,476,783

429

sam◦pung◦kop

lip

Chang

1.7.2.2

Konyak-Chang

Marrison 67 Naga

GEM-CNL

6246

m,476

428

sʌ̀mˇ-bùŋ

mouth

Chang

1.7.2.2

Konyak-Chang

Weidert 87 TBTo

AW-TBT

736

117549

273,476

724

khā◦prā

mouth

Kaike

2.1.2

Bodic

Matisoff 87 BP

JAM-Ety

62010

470,476

1098

no◦wang

mouth

Tsangla (Central)

2.1.2

Bodic

Egli-Roduner

SER-HSLT

32 10

169007

470,476

1095

nu◦wang

mouth

Tsangla (Central)

2.1.2

Bodic

Andvik 93

EA-Tsh

39258

470,476

1085

no¹³ waŋ¹³

mouth

Tsangla (Motuo)

2.1.2

Bodic

Zhang Jichuan 86

JZ-CLMenba

39260

470,476,783,m

1085

no¹³ waŋ¹³ kʰop⁵⁵ taŋ⁵⁵

lip

Tsangla (Motuo)

2.1.2

Bodic

Zhang Jichuan 86

JZ-CLMenba

42184

470,476

1086

no◦waŋ

mouth

Tsangla (Motuo)

2.1.2

Bodic

Sun H 80 MLD

SLZO-MLD

192305

470,476

1088

no◦waŋ

mouth

Tsangla (Motuo)

2.1.2

Bodic

Sun H 91 ZMYY

ZMYYC

242.7

192356

470,476,783,m

1088

no◦waŋ khop◦taŋ

lip

Tsangla (Motuo)

2.1.2

Bodic

Sun H 91 ZMYY

ZMYYC

243.7

42185

p,476,822

1086

ʔa◦pak◦taŋ

mouth

Tsangla (Motuo)

2.1.2

Bodic

Sun H 80 MLD

SLZO-MLD

39424

470,476

1089

no-waŋ

mouth

Tsangla (Tilang)

2.1.2

Bodic

Zhang Jichuan 86

JZ-CLMenba

39425

470,476,783,m

1089

no-waŋ-kʰop-taŋ

lip

Tsangla (Tilang)

2.1.2

Bodic

Zhang Jichuan 86

JZ-CLMenba

39429

470,476,366

1089

no-waŋ-sum

beard

Tsangla (Tilang)

2.1.2

Bodic

Zhang Jichuan 86

JZ-CLMenba

114525

p,476

894

a-bon̊

beak / bill

Lepcha

2.1.3

Lepcha

Matisoff 87 BP

JAM-Ety

117552

p,476

894

a-bon̊

mouth

Lepcha

2.1.3

Lepcha

Matisoff 87 BP

JAM-Ety

114524

476

894

bon̊

beak / bill

Lepcha

2.1.3

Lepcha

Matisoff 87 BP

JAM-Ety

128785

686,476,596,590

562

sɿ⁵⁵ mphɑ⁵⁵ ndʐo⁵⁵ pi⁵⁵

lip

Ersu

3.2

Qiangic

Sun H 91 ErsQ

SHK-ErsCQ

128795

686,476

562

sɿ⁵⁵ nphɑ⁵⁵

mouth

Ersu

3.2

Qiangic

Sun H 91 ErsQ

SHK-ErsCQ

192335

686,476

561

sɿ⁵⁵nphɑ⁵⁵

mouth

Ersu

3.2

Qiangic

Sun H 91 ZMYY

ZMYYC

242.18

192386

686,476,596,590

561

sɿ⁵⁵nphɑ⁵⁵ndʐo⁵⁵pi⁵⁵

lip

Ersu

3.2

Qiangic

Sun H 91 ZMYY

ZMYYC

243.18

128950

m,476

594

ũ⁵⁵ pa⁵³

mouth

Guiqiong

3.2

Qiangic

Sun H 91 GuiQ

SHK-GuiqQ

129911

476,686,m,586

1146

mpʰ◦sɿ⁵◦⁵ɦəʴ³³◦qu⁵⁵

lip

Namuyi

3.2

Qiangic

Sun H 91 NamQ

SHK-NamuQ

3.9

42859

803,476,m

1304

xiɛ̃¹³ pu¹³ lɑ⁵⁵

lip

Pumi (Qinghua)

3.2

Qiangic

Lu 83 Pumi

JZ-Pumi

43001

471,476,m

1307

n̥ɐ³⁵ pu³⁵ la⁵³

lip

Pumi (Taoba)

3.2

Qiangic

Lu 83 Pumi

JZ-Pumi

37565

442,476

1316

tshə◦b [β]

lip

Qiang (Mawo)

3.2

Qiangic

Sun J 86 Mawo

JS-Mawo

9515

467,476

1148

ȵe̱⁵⁵ pu²¹

mouth

Nasu

6.1.2.1

Northern Loloish

Chen 86 Yi

CK-YiQ

3.7

43654

467,476

1656

mi¹³ pu²¹

mouth

Yi (Dafang)

6.1.2.1

Northern Loloish

Chen 85 YiJZ

JZ-Yi

131997

453,476,467,441

1379

bɒ²¹pɒ³³; ni⁵⁵ȵɛ³³

mouth

Sani [Nyi]

6.1.2.2

Central Loloish

Wu 84

YHJC-Sani

117538

467,476

229

meh˯ boe˯

snout / mouth

Akha

6.1.2.3

Southern Loloish

Matisoff 87 BP

JAM-Ety

51242

467,476

344

man◦pɔ̀ŋ

mouth

Bisu

6.1.2.3

Southern Loloish

Beaudouin 88 Bisu

PB-Bisu

40521

467,476

629

me³¹ bɔ³¹

mouth

Hani (Dazhai)

6.1.2.3

Southern Loloish

Li Yongsui 86 Hani

JZ-Hani

40675

467,476

630

mɛ³¹ bø³¹

mouth

Hani (Gelanghe)

6.1.2.3

Southern Loloish

Li Yongsui 86 Hani

JZ-Hani

117539

453,476

1286

bam◦fòn

mouth

Côông [Phunoi]

6.1.2.3

Southern Loloish

Matisoff 87 BP

JAM-Ety

16786

453,476

1285

bɑm³³ fon¹¹

mouth

Côông [Phunoi]

6.1.2.3

Southern Loloish

Bradley xx Phu

DB-Phunoi

127471

3442,453,476

1290

hija ban põ³¹

beak / bill

Côông [Phunoi]

6.1.2.3

Southern Loloish

Ferlus 91

MF-PhnQ

3.9.3

349350

468,476

1849

kho³¹bu³³

mouth

Karen

Karenic

Huang and Dai 92 TBL

TBL

0084.50

496800

m,476

1981

ka◦plō

mouth

Kayan (Pekon)

Karenic

Manson 10 Kayan

KM-Kayan

496802

m,476,m

1981

ka◦plō◦pʰè

lips [lit. mouth-skin]

Kayan (Pekon)

Karenic

Manson 10 Kayan

KM-Kayan

307721

m,476

1235

pèʔ phrɔ̂ŋ

close mouth

Pa-O

Karenic

Solnit 89 PaO

DBS-PaO

309138

476

1235

phrɔ̂ŋ

mouth

Pa-O

Karenic

Solnit 89 PaO

DBS-PaO

117523

476

1238

phrɔ̂ŋ

mouth

Pa-O

Karenic

Matisoff 87 BP

JAM-Ety

57674

476

1242

phrɔ̂ŋ

mouth

Pa-O

Karenic

Jones 61

RBJ-KLS

668

114514

476,2096

1238

phrɔ̂ŋ◦bí

beak / bill

Pa-O

Karenic

Matisoff 87 BP

JAM-Ety

57682

476,2096

1242

phrɔ̂ŋ◦bí

beak / bill

Pa-O

Karenic

Jones 61

RBJ-KLS

691

309264

474,476

1235

ʔàŋ phrɔ̂ŋ

open mouth

Pa-O

Karenic

Solnit 89 PaO

DBS-PaO

14894

468,476

746

ho³¹ bu³³

mouth

Karen (Sgaw/Hinthada)

Karenic

Dai 89 KarB

DQ-KarenB

110

14685

468,476

747

ko³¹ pu³³

mouth

Karen (Sgaw/Yue)

Karenic

Dai 89 KarA

DQ-KarenA

110

^ 1.

“The first morpheme is ‘tooth’; the second morpheme can be identified with the classifier for long slender objects, PT *buŋ...” Sun 1993a:92.

^ 2.

Galo seems to show an alternation between bu and pa. If these are indeed allofams, it would support the reconstruction of a rising diphthong *‑wa‑.

#476 PTB *m-p(r)(w)aŋ MOUTH