1.0 The Body > 1.2 Head and Face > 1.2.1 Head/Headed

#388 PTB *(p/b)wa(ŋ) HEAD

This root is not reconstructed in J. Sun (1993), where it seems to be treated as a suffix following #1425 PTani *dum HEAD / HAIR. The final ‑r in the Bokar forms is probably a secondary effect of the back unrounded vowel. Darang has a final ‑m, perhaps an effect of the preceding rounded vowel.

Jingpho provides evidence for both the open- and nasal-final allofams: Hanson (p.42) gives both u‑baw and u‑bawng ‘a head’, the latter marked ‘Hkauri dialect’ or ‘in religious poetry’ (p.71). Dai et al. 1983 (p.851) glosses u³¹ po³³ as ‘chicken head’ (ù‑ is a prefix in many words referring to birds).

The second syllables of the Milang, Tagin, Idu, and Galo forms for ‘horn’ resemble this root, but we are keeping them separate for now (see #814 PTB *m/g‑(r)wa‑ŋ/k/t HORN / ANGLE / CORNER).

rnanalysislgidreflexglossgfnlanguagegrpidgrpnogrpgeneticcitationsrcabbrsrcidrn
1736821425,388333dum-poːheadBengni731.1.1.1Western Tani1Sun J 93 HCSTJS-HCST0
1549041425,388334dum-poːheadBengni731.1.1.1Western Tani1Sun J 93 TaniJS-Tani0
3488051425,3881820dum pɯrheadnBokar731.1.1.1Western Tani1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0074.240
1549051425,388365dum-purheadBokar731.1.1.1Western Tani1Sun J 93 TaniJS-Tani0
1736831425,388360dum-pɯrheadBokar731.1.1.1Western Tani1Sun J 93 HCSTJS-HCST0
413191425,388366dum◦pɯrheadBokar Lhoba731.1.1.1Western Tani1Sun H 80 MLDSLZO-MLD0
1918161425,388368tum pɯrheadBokar Lhoba731.1.1.1Western Tani1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC232.510
442021425,388564dum◦poskullGalo731.1.1.1Western Tani1Das Gupta 63 GalKDG-IGL0
442051425,388,p,591564dum◦po-a◦pinscalpGalo731.1.1.1Western Tani1Das Gupta 63 GalKDG-IGL0
444911425,388,1425,1847564dum◦po-dum-ciheadacheGalo731.1.1.1Western Tani1Das Gupta 63 GalKDG-IGL0
4918291425,3881979dum◦pooheadn.Galo731.1.1.1Western Tani1Rɨbaa,Post,et al. 09GLDC-GED0
4944051425,388,p,2381979dum◦poo-a◦looskulln.Galo731.1.1.1Western Tani1Rɨbaa,Post,et al. 09GLDC-GED0
220331425,3881078dum-poheadMiri, Hill731.1.1.1Western Tani1Simon 76 MiriIMS-HMLG0
3269491425,3881792dum-poheadNishing731.1.1.1Western Tani1Das Gupta 69 DafKDG-Daf0
3269511425,3881792dum◦poheadNishing731.1.1.1Western Tani1Das Gupta 69 DafKDG-Daf0
465201425,388,1425,1847,s1444dum◦po duḿ-ci-pahead achesTagin731.1.1.1Western Tani1Das Gupta 83 TagKDG-Tag0
1736841425,3881251dum-poŋheadPadam [Abor]741.1.1.2Eastern Tani1Sun J 93 HCSTJS-HCST0
1165321425,388189dum-pongheadPadam-Mishing [Abor-Miri]741.1.1.2Eastern Tani1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
1549061425,388498dum-poːheadDamu741.1.1.2Eastern Tani1Sun J 93 TaniJS-Tani0
8941425,388,p,18471070dum◦po a◦kihead-acheMilang741.1.1.2Eastern Tani1Tayeng 76 MilAT-MPB 1
9051425,388,m1070dum◦poŋ-madizzinessMilang741.1.1.2Eastern Tani1Tayeng 76 MilAT-MPB0
1165351221,388503kuru-pomheadDarang [Taraon]61.1.2Deng1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety 2
3408561221,3881800kuru-pomheadDarang [Taraon]61.1.2Deng1Anonymous xx TarNEFA-Taraon0
1194681221,388503kuru◦pomskullDarang [Taraon]61.1.2Deng1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
3419651221,3881800kuru◦pomskullDarang [Taraon]61.1.2Deng1Anonymous xx TarNEFA-Taraon0
116570p,385,388,1224,p,2031064a◦phu◦bong◦kok a◦nungback of headMikir [Karbi]141.5Mikir [Karbi]1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
171338388,12241062bong◦kokskullMikir [Karbi]141.5Mikir [Karbi]1Marrison 67 NagaGEM-CNL0
119474388,12241064bong◦kokskullMikir [Karbi]141.5Mikir [Karbi]1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
46914385,388,12241063phú-bòng-kòkskullMikir [Karbi]141.5Mikir [Karbi]1Grüssner 79 BPKHG-MikirQ1450
116595385,388671(u-)bawngheadJingpho371.7.3.1Jingpho1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
41163p,388679a³¹ po³³headJingpho371.7.3.1Jingpho1Liu 84JZ-Jingpo0
165846388669bawheadJingpho371.7.3.1Jingpho1Marrison 67 NagaGEM-CNL0
116504388671bawheadJingpho371.7.3.1Jingpho1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety 3
168930388669bawngheadJingpho371.7.3.1Jingpho1Marrison 67 NagaGEM-CNL0
115843388,m671bawng-wamfontanelJingpho371.7.3.1Jingpho1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety 4 5
115842388,m671bung-wamfontanelJingpho371.7.3.1Jingpho1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety 6 7
116505388671pawngheadJingpho371.7.3.1Jingpho1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety 8
41162388679po³³headJingpho371.7.3.1Jingpho1Liu 84JZ-Jingpo0
3488003881814po³³headnJingpho371.7.3.1Jingpho1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0074.190
191814388690po³³headJingpho371.7.3.1Jingpho1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC232.470
116572388671pungheadJingpho371.7.3.1Jingpho1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
119445388,2004671pung-kumskullJingpho371.7.3.1Jingpho1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
171335388,2004669pung◦kunskullJingpho371.7.3.1Jingpho1Marrison 67 NagaGEM-CNL0
334249388,m679puŋ³¹khoʔ⁵⁵scarf for the head / turbanJingpho371.7.3.1Jingpho1Liu 84JZ-Jingpo0
369258388,m1814puŋ³¹khoʔ⁵⁵cloth (colorful, worn on the head)nJingpho371.7.3.1Jingpho1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0473.190
369309388,m1814puŋ³¹khoʔ⁵⁵head-cloth / turbannJingpho371.7.3.1Jingpho1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0474.190
198801388,m690puŋ³¹khoʔ⁵⁵scarf for the head / turbanJingpho371.7.3.1Jingpho1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC369.470
116503385,388671u-bawheadJingpho371.7.3.1Jingpho1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
31992385,388676ū-bō(ŋ)headJingpho371.7.3.1Jingpho1Matisoff 74 TJLBJAM-TJLB182 9
62444392,388267la³¹ pʰuŋ⁵⁵headAnong384Nungic1Sun J 88 AnoSHK-Anong0
191838392,388269lɑ³¹phuŋ⁵⁵headAnong384Nungic1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC232.440
369260392,388,m,m1817lɑ³¹phuŋ⁵⁵xuɑŋ⁵⁵dɛm⁵⁵cloth (colorful, worn on the head)nNung384Nungic1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0473.210
198825392,388,m,m269lɑ³¹phuŋ⁵⁵xuɑŋ⁵⁵dɛm⁵⁵scarf for the head / turbanAnong384Nungic1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC369.440
408264392,388,m1817lɑ³¹phuŋ⁵⁵ɕin³¹lead (the way) / guide (lit. 'lead head')v.Nung384Nungic1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL1251.210
127303p,388,12751612a³⁵ bo⁵⁵ bu²¹headTujia415Tujia1Chen 86 TuMQCK-TujMQ2.10
43506p,3881617ʔa²¹ bo⁵⁵headTujia (Southern)415Tujia1Tian 86JZ-Tujia0
19226359,388312tø⁷ pɔ⁷headBai (Dali)518Bai1Dell 81FD-Baipp.150-1690
38953359,388313tɯ̱²¹ po̱²¹headBai (Dali)518Bai1Xu 84 BaiJZ-Bai0
39085359,388316tɯ̱²¹ po̱²¹headBai (Jianchuan)518Bai1Xu 84 BaiJZ-Bai0
80563359,388309tɯ̱²¹ po̱²¹headBai (Jianchuan)518Bai1Zhao 90ZYS-Bai2.00
80567359,388,2004,m309tɯ̱²¹ po̱²¹ kua̱⁴⁴ tɯ̱²¹skullBai (Jianchuan)518Bai1Zhao 90ZYS-Bai2.40
80571359,388,m,m309tɯ̱²¹ po̱²¹ no³³ pe̱²¹scalpBai (Jianchuan)518Bai1Zhao 90ZYS-Bai2.80

^ 1.
Cf. Mirish dum‑po HEAD.
^ 2.
Final labial in Darang pom perhaps assimilation to the labial initial and rounded vowel.
^ 3.
Hanson p. 69.
^ 4.
Hanson p.71.
^ 5.
Also means “depression between horns of cattle”.
^ 6.
Hanson p.67.
^ 7.
Jingpho ‑wam ‘pulsate, undulate’. The semantic association is via the often visible pulse in a fontanel.
^ 8.
Not in Hanson.
^ 9.
Reference doesn’ t check out.