2.0 Animals and Animal Verbs > 2.1 Animals of the Chinese Zodiac > 2.1.5 Dragon

#3629 PTB *m-bru(ŋ/k) DRAGON / THUNDER

This mythical animal has been associated with WATER, RAINBOW, and THUNDER. Some forms which look as if they might descend from this root should actually be assigned to #2465 PTB *muːŋ*r/s‑muːk FOGGY / DARK / SULLEN / MENACING / THUNDER.

rnanalysislgidreflexglossgfnlanguagegrpidgrpnogrpgeneticcitationsrcabbrsrcidrn
5147863629,36292012m-|bruŋ ⪤ m-|brukthunder / dragon*Tibeto-Burman20.1Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)0Matisoff 03 HPTBJAM-HPTB5850
36096236291818bu³¹|ɹuɑ³⁵dragonnDarang [Taraon]61.1.2Deng1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0306.220
1862053629509bu³¹|ɹuɑ³⁵dragonDarang [Taraon]61.1.2Deng1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC122.490
1802383629509bɯ³¹|ɹuɑ³¹thunderDarang [Taraon]61.1.2Deng1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC5.490
34537236291818bɯ³¹|ɹuɑ³⁵thundernDarang [Taraon]61.1.2Deng1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0008.220
4081203629,m1818bɯ³¹|ɹuɑ³⁵khɹɑ⁵³thunderv.Darang [Taraon]61.1.2Deng1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL1248.220
2184883629,m509bɯ³¹|ɹuɑ³⁵khɹɑ⁵³thundervDarang [Taraon]61.1.2Deng1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC755.490
1862313629662bɯ³¹|ɹuɑ³⁵dragonIdu61.1.2Deng1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC122.500
1802643629,m662bɯ³¹|ɹuɑ³⁵mbo⁵³thunderIdu61.1.2Deng1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC5.500
2185143629,m662bɯ³¹|ɹuɑ³⁵mbo⁵³thundervIdu61.1.2Deng1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC755.500
36096536291821bɯ³¹|ɹuɑ³⁵dragonnYidu61.1.2Deng1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0306.250
3453753629,m1821bɯ³¹|ɹuɑ³⁵mbo⁵³thundernYidu61.1.2Deng1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0008.250
4081233629,m1821bɯ³¹|ɹuɑ³⁵mbo⁵³thunderv.Yidu61.1.2Deng1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL1248.250
18618536291088bruʔdragon (sky)Tsangla (Motuo)222.1.2Bodic1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC122.70
29741136291089brungthunderTsangla (Tilang)222.1.2Bodic1Zhang Jichuan 86JZ-CLMenba0
29805136291093bruk³⁵dragonTshona (Wenlang)222.1.2Bodic1Lu 86 CuoMJZ-CNMenba0
29793936291093bruk³⁵thunderTshona (Wenlang)222.1.2Bodic1Lu 86 CuoMJZ-CNMenba0
2985983629,m1093bruk³⁵dir³⁵thunderv.Tshona (Wenlang)222.1.2Bodic1Lu 86 CuoMJZ-CNMenba0
18620936291092bruʔ⁵³dragonTshona (Mama)222.1.2Bodic1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC122.60
18024236291092bruʔ⁵³thunderTshona (Mama)222.1.2Bodic1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC5.60
21849236291092bruʔ⁵³koŋ¹³thundervTshona (Mama)222.1.2Bodic1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC755.60
36094736291851bruʔdragon (sky)nMotuo Menba222.1.2Bodic1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0306.070
38408036291851bruʔyear of the dragonnMotuo Menba222.1.2Bodic1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0759.070
34535636291850bruʔ⁵³thundernCuona Menba222.1.2Bodic1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0008.060
36094636291850bruʔ⁵³dragonnCuona Menba222.1.2Bodic1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0306.060
40810436291850bruʔ⁵³koŋ³⁵thunderv.Cuona Menba222.1.2Bodic1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL1248.060
38407936291850bruʔ⁵³wu³¹year of the dragonnCuona Menba222.1.2Bodic1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0759.060
40810336291848mdʐuk cçakthunderv.Tibetan (Alike)242.1.2.1Tibetan1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL1248.050
34535536291848ndʐukthundernTibetan (Alike)242.1.2.1Tibetan1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0008.050
36094536291848ndʐukdragonnTibetan (Alike)242.1.2.1Tibetan1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0306.050
18620836291550ndʐəkdragonTibetan (Amdo:Bla-brang)242.1.2.1Tibetan1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC122.40
18024136291550ndʐəkthunderTibetan (Amdo:Bla-brang)242.1.2.1Tibetan1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC5.40
21849136291550ndʐək tɕakthundervTibetan (Amdo:Bla-brang)242.1.2.1Tibetan1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC755.40
18618436291585mdʐəkdragonTibetan (Amdo:Zeku)242.1.2.1Tibetan1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC122.50
18021736291585mdʐəkthunderTibetan (Amdo:Zeku)242.1.2.1Tibetan1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC5.50
21846736291585mdʐək cçakthundervTibetan (Amdo:Zeku)242.1.2.1Tibetan1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC755.50
3599636291584ndʐəgdragonTibetan (Amdo:Zeku)242.1.2.1Tibetan1Sun J 85 AmdoJS-Amdo1980
34535336291826ndʐuʔ⁵³thundernTibetan (Batang)242.1.2.1Tibetan1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0008.030
36094336291826ndʐuʔ⁵³dragonnTibetan (Batang)242.1.2.1Tibetan1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0306.030
38407636291826ndʐuʔ⁵³year of the dragonnTibetan (Batang)242.1.2.1Tibetan1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0759.030
40810136291826ndʐuʔ⁵³ tʂɑʔ²³¹thunderv.Tibetan (Batang)242.1.2.1Tibetan1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL1248.030
18618336291380ndʐuʔ⁵³dragonTibetan (Khams:Dege)242.1.2.1Tibetan1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC122.30
18021636291380ndʐuʔ⁵³thunderTibetan (Khams:Dege)242.1.2.1Tibetan1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC5.30
21846636291380ndʐuʔ⁵³tʂɑʔ³¹thundervTibetan (Khams:Dege)242.1.2.1Tibetan1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC755.30
21849036291557(tʂuʔ¹³kɛʔ⁵³)cap¹³thundervTibetan (Lhasa)242.1.2.1Tibetan1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC755.20
40810036291815tʂu¹³kɛ⁵² Ca¹³²thunderv.Tibetan (Lhasa)242.1.2.1Tibetan1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL1248.020
36094236291815tʂu¹³²dragonnTibetan (Lhasa)242.1.2.1Tibetan1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0306.020
38407536291815tʂu¹³²year of the dragonnTibetan (Lhasa)242.1.2.1Tibetan1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0759.020
34535236291815tʂu¹³² (kɛ⁵²)thundernTibetan (Lhasa)242.1.2.1Tibetan1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0008.020
18620736291557tʂuʔ¹³dragon (sky)Tibetan (Lhasa)242.1.2.1Tibetan1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC122.20
18024036291557tʂuʔ¹³kɛʔ⁵³thunderTibetan (Lhasa)242.1.2.1Tibetan1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC5.20
26014336291564'brugthundernTibetan (Written)242.1.2.1Tibetan1Marrison 67 NagaGEM-CNL0
3778036291575brugdragonTibetan (Written)242.1.2.1Tibetan1Sun J 85 TbGlJS-Tib1980
34535136291804ɦbrugthundernTibetan (Written)242.1.2.1Tibetan1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0008.010
36094136291804ɦbrugdragonnTibetan (Written)242.1.2.1Tibetan1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0306.010
38407436291804ɦbrugyear of the dragonnTibetan (Written)242.1.2.1Tibetan1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0759.010
18618236291582ɦbrugdragon (sky)Tibetan (Written)242.1.2.1Tibetan1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC122.10
4080993629,m,m1804ɦbrug sgra sgrogthunderv.Tibetan (Written)242.1.2.1Tibetan1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL1248.010
1802153629,m1582ɦbrug skadthunderTibetan (Written)242.1.2.1Tibetan1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC5.10
34535436291837ndʐəχthundernTibetan (Xiahe)242.1.2.1Tibetan1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0008.040
36094436291837ndʐəχdragonnTibetan (Xiahe)242.1.2.1Tibetan1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0306.040
38407736291837ndʐəχyear of the dragonnTibetan (Xiahe)242.1.2.1Tibetan1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0759.040
4081023629,m1837ndʐəχ tɕaχthunderv.Tibetan (Xiahe)242.1.2.1Tibetan1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL1248.040
801572473,3629,m999mo² brɯ² lo²thunderManang (Gyaru)232.1.4Tamangish1Nagano 84 ManYN-Man2540
36095636291811ndʐu³⁵dragonnGuiqiong343.2Qiangic1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0306.160
38408936291811ndʐu³⁵year of the dragonnGuiqiong343.2Qiangic1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0759.160
1861893629595ndʐu³⁵dragonGuiqiong343.2Qiangic1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC122.170
34536536291810ndʐu⁵³thundernMuya343.2Qiangic1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0008.150
36095536291810ndʐu⁵³dragonnMuya343.2Qiangic1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0306.150
38408836291810ndʐu⁵³ (ɣu²⁴)year of the dragonnMuya343.2Qiangic1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0759.150
40811336291810ndʐu⁵³tə³³su³³thunderv.Muya343.2Qiangic1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL1248.150
18618836291136ndʐu³⁵dragonMuya [Minyak]343.2Qiangic1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC122.150
18022136291136ndʐu³⁵thunderMuya [Minyak]343.2Qiangic1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC5.150
186190m,36291147əʴ⁵⁵dʐa³³dragonNamuyi343.2Qiangic1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC122.190
384119m,3629,bTibetan1844əʴ⁵⁵dʐa³¹ (lu̵⁵⁵su̵³¹)year of the dragonnNamuyi343.2Qiangic1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0759.460
379525m,3629,m1844ɬuo³¹dʐa³¹pu³¹god of rain / Dragon KingnNamuyi343.2Qiangic1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0671.460
3840833629,m1805bʐu⁵⁵tɛi⁵⁵year of the dragonnPumi (Jiulong)343.2Qiangic1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0759.100
3840823629,m,m1853bʐə¹³ ta⁵⁵ɣu¹³year of the dragonnPumi (Lanping)343.2Qiangic1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0759.090
3841333629,m,m1853bʐə¹³dɑ⁵⁵ɣu⁵⁵year of the snakenPumi (Lanping)343.2Qiangic1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0760.090
18621136291309bʐo⁵⁵dragonPumi (Taoba)343.2Qiangic1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC122.100
50712136291996búdragonQiang (Longxi)343.2Qiangic1Evans 99 QiangJPE-SQiang3790
18621036291320bəʴkdragonQiang (Mawo)343.2Qiangic1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC122.80
38408136291852ʐbəyear of the dragonnQiang (Mawo)343.2Qiangic1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0759.080
50859836291997bú5th earthly branch (dragon)Qiang (Mianchi)343.2Qiangic1Evans 99 QiangJPE-SQiang1108 1
50712036291997búdragonQiang (Mianchi)343.2Qiangic1Evans 99 QiangJPE-SQiang3790
5082853629,m1997bú-zèDragon King [dragon-king]Qiang (Mianchi)343.2Qiangic1Evans 99 QiangJPE-SQiang964 2
38412436291808mdʐu¹³year of the dragonnQueyu (Xinlong)343.2Qiangic1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0759.130
36095336291808mdʐy¹³dragonnQueyu (Xinlong)343.2Qiangic1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0306.130
38408636291808mdʐy¹³year of the dragonnQueyu (Xinlong)343.2Qiangic1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0759.130
40811136291808mdʐy¹³ qa⁵⁵thunderv.Queyu (Xinlong)343.2Qiangic1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL1248.130
21849736291699ndʐu³⁵tʂa⁵³thundervQueyu (Yajiang) [Zhaba]343.2Qiangic1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC755.160
18621436291699ndʐu⁵³dragonQueyu (Yajiang) [Zhaba]343.2Qiangic1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC122.160
3609572473,36291812me³³dʑyɛ⁵³dragonnXumi343.2Qiangic1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0306.170
3840902473,36291812me³³dʑyɛ⁵³year of the dragonnXumi343.2Qiangic1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0759.170
4081152473,36291812mɛ³³dʑyɛ⁵³thunderv.Xumi343.2Qiangic1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL1248.170
1862162473,36291409mɐ³³dʒuɛ⁵⁵dragonXumi343.2Qiangic1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC122.200
3840873629,60681809mdʐʌ¹³lu⁵⁵year of the dragonnZhaba (Daofu County)343.2Qiangic1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0759.140
36095436291809mtʂə⁵⁵dragonnZhaba (Daofu County)343.2Qiangic1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0306.140
4081103629,m,m1807mbru nGɑ dithunderv.Daofu353.3rGyalrongic1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL1248.120
1862133629557mbʐudragonErgong (Danba)353.3rGyalrongic1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC122.140
1802463629557mbʐuthunderErgong (Danba)353.3rGyalrongic1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC5.140
3840853629,60681807mdʐu (lu)year of the dragonnDaofu353.3rGyalrongic1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0759.120
36099336291807nbrudragonnDaofu353.3rGyalrongic1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0306.120
36095236291807ndʐudragonnDaofu353.3rGyalrongic1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0306.120
2184963629,m557ntɕhɛ dʐɔthundervErgong (Danba)353.3rGyalrongic1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC755.140
3305533629,m1797nbru-lɔʔdragonCaodeng783.3.1rGyalrong1Sun J 97 CaoJS-Caodeng0
3322583629,m,m,m1797nbru-lɔʔ kə-pethundervCaodeng783.3.1rGyalrong1Sun J 97 CaoJS-Caodeng0
50174836291982bɯ³¹ |rin³¹dragonRawang384Nungic1LaPolla 03RJL-Rawang3510
5021633629,m,m1982bɯ³¹ |rin³¹ khɔʔ kham⁵³Dragon King (the god of rain)Rawang384Nungic1LaPolla 03RJL-Rawang7370
3609603629,m1816bɯ⁵³tɑi⁵⁵dragonnDulong384Nungic1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0306.200
37949936291816bɯ⁵³|ɹɛn⁵³god of rain / Dragon KingnDulong384Nungic1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0671.200
38409336291816bɯ⁵³|ɹɛn⁵³year of the dragonnDulong384Nungic1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0759.200
1862293629537dʑŭʔ⁵⁵dragonTrung [Dulong]384Nungic1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC122.460
1802622465,3629537mŭt⁵⁵dɯ³¹|ɹɯ̆ŋ⁵³thunderTrung [Dulong]384Nungic1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC5.460
2995812465,3629540mŭʔ⁵⁵dɯ³¹|ɹɯ̆ŋ⁵³thunderv.Trung [Dulong] (Nujiang)384Nungic1Sun H 82 DulJZ-Dulong0
2988582465,3629540mŭʔ⁵⁵dɯ³¹|ɹɯ̆ŋ⁵³thunderTrung [Dulong] (Nujiang)384Nungic1Sun H 82 DulJZ-Dulong0
28948836291617pho²¹dragonTujia (Southern)415Tujia1Tian 86JZ-Tujia0
28854736291616phu³⁵dragonTujia (Northern)415Tujia1Tian 86JZ-Tujia0
36098936291847phu³⁵dragonnTujia415Tujia1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0306.490
38412236291847phu³⁵year of the dragonnTujia415Tujia1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0759.490
18622536291615phu³⁵dragonTujia415Tujia1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC122.380
45734236291966pu2dragonn.Tujia (Northern)415Tujia1Brassett 04 TujiaPCB-Tujia0
4573533629,14311966pu2meng3legendary 'dragon horse'n.Tujia (Northern)415Tujia1Brassett 04 TujiaPCB-Tujia0
45358836291967pu²dragonTujia (Northern)415Tujia1Brassett 06 TujiaBBL-TL1.30
4535903629,14311967pu²meng³dragon horseTujia (Northern)415Tujia1Brassett 06 TujiaBBL-TL1.30
2877133629201mɯŋ³¹dragonAchang (Lianghe)446.1.1Burmish1Dai 85 AcJZJZ-Achang0
3609683629,m1824mʐui⁵⁵tʂuŋ³¹dragonnAchang (Longchuan)446.1.1Burmish1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0306.280
1862013629,m200mʐui⁵⁵tʂuŋ³¹dragonAchang (Longchuan)446.1.1Burmish1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC122.410
2868883629,m207muŋ⁵¹tɕuŋ⁵¹dragonAchang (Luxi)446.1.1Burmish1Dai 85 AcJZJZ-Achang0
3609693629,m1825mʐui⁵⁵tʂuŋ³¹dragonnAchang (Xiandao)446.1.1Burmish1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0306.290
3841023629,m1825mʐui⁵⁵tʂuŋ³¹year of the dragonnAchang (Xiandao)446.1.1Burmish1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0759.290
3609723629,m1829mɔ̃⁵⁵tʃauŋ³¹dragonnBola (Luxi)446.1.1Burmish1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0306.320
3841053629,m,m,m1829mɔ̃⁵⁵◦tʃauŋ³¹ (tɛ̃⁵⁵vɛʔ⁵⁵)ˍyear of the dragonnBola (Luxi)446.1.1Burmish1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0759.320
379505bIndic,36291822nɑ¹|gɑ³mɑŋ³god of rain / Dragon KingnBurmese (Written)446.1.1Burmish1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0671.260
3609713629,m1828mɔ̃³¹tʃauŋ³⁵dragonnLangsu (Luxi)446.1.1Burmish1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0306.310
3841043629,m,m1828mɔ̃³¹tʃauŋ³⁵ (tsəŋ³¹)year of the dragonnLangsu (Luxi)446.1.1Burmish1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0759.310
3609733629,m1830man³¹tʃuŋ³³dragonnLeqi (Luxi)446.1.1Burmish1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0306.330
3841063629,m1830man³¹tʃuŋ³³year of the dragonnLeqi (Luxi)446.1.1Burmish1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0759.330
1862023629,m1034mɔ̃³¹tʃauŋ³⁵dragonMaru [Langsu]446.1.1Burmish1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC122.430
3609703629,m1827man⁵¹tʃum⁵¹dragonnAtsi [Zaiwa]446.1.1Burmish1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0306.300
1862273629,m1693man⁵¹tʃum⁵¹dragonAtsi [Zaiwa]446.1.1Burmish1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC122.420
3841033629,m,m1827man⁵¹tʃum⁵¹ (tsan⁵¹)year of the dragonnAtsi [Zaiwa]446.1.1Burmish1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0759.300
3795093629,m,m1827man⁵¹tʃuŋ⁵¹tsau²¹god of rain / Dragon KingnAtsi [Zaiwa]446.1.1Burmish1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0671.300

Chinese comparandum

龍 OC *li̯ung, GSR #1193a-e ‘dragon’; Gong 2001:24 *m‑bruŋ / *m‑bruk; B & S 2011: *mə‑roŋ {[mə]‑roŋ}; Mand. lóng.
隆 OC *gli̯ông, GSR #1015f ‘thunder, sound of thunder’; Schuessler 2007:363 *ruŋ; B & S 2011: *ruŋ {[r]uŋ}; Mand. lóng.
雹 OC *b’ộk, GSR #1113n ‘hail’; B & S 2011: *C.bˁruk {C.[b]ˁruk}; Mand. báo.

Gong 2001:24 and HPTB #585 compare the current etymon, PTB *m‑bru(ŋ/k) ‘dragon; rain’, with Chinese 龍 lóng ‘dragon’. Both these etyma may be allofamic with 雹 báo ‘hail’, as suggested by the latter’s reconstruction as *C.bˁruk in B & S 2011.

[SPB]


^ 1.
[Source note] calque (Evans 1999).
^ 2.
[Source note] calque (Evans 1999).