STEDT Etymon #3581
3.0 Natural Objects, Plants, Foods > 3.2 Natural Objects > 3.2.5 Landforms and geographical features
#3581 PTB *s-gaŋ MOUNTAIN / RIDGE / HILL (provisional) |
| rn | analysis | lgid | reflex | gloss | gfn | language | grpid | grpno | grp | genetic | citation | srcabbr | srcid | rn |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 77051 | 3581 | 168 | kang | hill / ridge | *Sino-Tibetan | 1 | 0 | Sino-Tibetan (previously published reconstructions) | 0 | Coblin 86 | WSC-SH | 94 | 0 | |
| 514969 | 3581 | 2012 | s-|gaŋ | hill / ridge / mountain | *Tibeto-Burman | 2 | 0.1 | Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions) | 0 | Matisoff 03 HPTB | JAM-HPTB | 590 | 0 | |
| 181285 | 3581 | 1431 | gɹaŋ³³ | mountain | Sulung [Puroik] | 4 | 1.1 | “North Assam” | 0 | Sun H 91 ZMYY | ZMYYC | 25.52 | 0 | |
| 181336 | 3581,m,m | 1431 | gɹaŋ³³a³³lɛ⁵³ | cliff | Sulung [Puroik] | 4 | 1.1 | “North Assam” | 0 | Sun H 91 ZMYY | ZMYYC | 26.52 | 0 | |
| 346230 | 3581,6223 | 1820 | gɯŋ tuŋ | hillside / mountain slope | n | Bokar | 73 | 1.1.1.1 | Western Tani | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 0024.24 | 0 |
| 158884 | 3581,6223 | 365 | gɯŋ-tuŋ | slope | Bokar | 73 | 1.1.1.1 | Western Tani | 1 | Sun J 93 Tani | JS-Tani | 0 | ||
| 181514 | m,3581 | 368 | tu gɯŋ | slope | Bokar Lhoba | 73 | 1.1.1.1 | Western Tani | 1 | Sun H 91 ZMYY | ZMYYC | 30.51 | 0 | |
| 258950 | p,3581 | 273 | tü◦khong | hill | Ao (Mongsen: Longchang) | 63 | 1.3.1 | Central Naga (Ao Group) | 1 | Marrison 67 Naga | GEM-CNL | 0 | ||
| 259228 | m,3581 | 273 | tü◦kong | mountain | Ao (Mongsen: Longchang) | 63 | 1.3.1 | Central Naga (Ao Group) | 1 | Marrison 67 Naga | GEM-CNL | 0 | ||
| 258973 | p,3581 | 1364 | a◦khang | hill | Sangtam | 63 | 1.3.1 | Central Naga (Ao Group) | 1 | Marrison 67 Naga | GEM-CNL | 0 | ||
| 258993 | 3581 | 1564 | sgaṅ | hill | Tibetan (Written) | 24 | 2.1.2.1 | Tibetan | 1 | Marrison 67 Naga | GEM-CNL | 0 | ||
| 30981 | 3581 | 1572 | sgaŋ | projecting hill / spur | Tibetan (Written) | 24 | 2.1.2.1 | Tibetan | 1 | Matisoff 83 TIL | JAM-TIL | 66 | 0 | |
| 32297 | 3581 | 1573 | sgaŋ | spur, projecting hill | Tibetan (Written) | 24 | 2.1.2.1 | Tibetan | 1 | Matisoff 74 TJLB | JAM-TJLB | 90 | 0 | |
| 48325 | 3581 | 171 | ᴬgaŋ | hill | *TGTM | 23 | 2.1.4 | Tamangish | 1 | Mazaudon 78 Tam | MM-K78 | 47 | 0 | |
| 175430 | 3581 | 172 | ᴬgaŋ | mountain | *TGTM | 23 | 2.1.4 | Tamangish | 1 | Mazaudon 94 These | MM-Thesis | 140 | 0 | |
| 80180 | 3581 | 999 | gan¹ | mountain | Manang (Gyaru) | 23 | 2.1.4 | Tamangish | 1 | Nagano 84 Man | YN-Man | 273 | 0 | |
| 48124 | 3581 | 1001 | ³kãŋ | hill | Manang (Ngawal) | 23 | 2.1.4 | Tamangish | 1 | Mazaudon 78 Tam | MM-K78 | 47 | 0 | |
| 20756 | m,3581 | 1002 | ²mal◦kaŋ | mountain (snow-covered) | Manang (Prakaa) | 23 | 2.1.4 | Tamangish | 1 | Hoshi 84 | HM-Prak | 0136b | 0 | |
| 48118 | 3581 | 1454 | ³kaŋ | hill | Tamang (Risiangku) | 23 | 2.1.4 | Tamangish | 1 | Mazaudon 78 Tam | MM-K78 | 47 | 0 | |
| 175424 | 3581 | 1456 | ³kaŋ | mountain | Tamang (Risiangku) | 23 | 2.1.4 | Tamangish | 1 | Mazaudon 94 These | MM-Thesis | 140 | 0 | |
| 123329 | 3581 | 1464 | kahŋ | hill | Tamang (Sahu) | 23 | 2.1.4 | Tamangish | 1 | Taylor 72 TmVo | SIL-Sahu | 5.61 | 0 | |
| 48119 | 3581 | 1461 | ³kaŋ | hill | Tamang (Sahu) | 23 | 2.1.4 | Tamangish | 1 | Mazaudon 78 Tam | MM-K78 | 47 | 0 | |
| 175425 | 3581 | 1462 | ³kaŋ | range / hill | Tamang (Sahu) | 23 | 2.1.4 | Tamangish | 1 | Mazaudon 94 These | MM-Thesis | 140 | 0 | |
| 48120 | 3581 | 1466 | ³gaŋ | hill | Tamang (Taglung) | 23 | 2.1.4 | Tamangish | 1 | Mazaudon 78 Tam | MM-K78 | 47 | 0 | |
| 175426 | 3581 | 1467 | ³kaŋ | hill | Tamang (Taglung) | 23 | 2.1.4 | Tamangish | 1 | Mazaudon 94 These | MM-Thesis | 140 | 0 | |
| 269378 | 3581 | 1520 | kāhng | mountain | Thakali | 23 | 2.1.4 | Tamangish | 1 | Hale 73 CSD | AH-CSDPN | 01.086 | 0 | |
| 175428 | 3581 | 1524 | ³gaʱŋ | mountain | Thakali (Marpha) | 23 | 2.1.4 | Tamangish | 1 | Mazaudon 94 These | MM-Thesis | 140 | 0 | |
| 48122 | 3581 | 1523 | ³kaŋ | hill | Thakali (Marpha) | 23 | 2.1.4 | Tamangish | 1 | Mazaudon 78 Tam | MM-K78 | 47 | 0 | |
| 48123 | 3581 | 1525 | ¹kaŋ | hill | Thakali (Syang) | 23 | 2.1.4 | Tamangish | 1 | Mazaudon 78 Tam | MM-K78 | 47 | 0 | |
| 67985 | 3581 | 1531 | kahŋ | mountain | Thakali (Tukche) | 23 | 2.1.4 | Tamangish | 1 | Hari 71a ThVo | SIL-Thak | 1.86 | 0 | |
| 67733 | 3581 | 1531 | kaŋ | hill | Thakali (Tukche) | 23 | 2.1.4 | Tamangish | 1 | Hari 71a ThVo | SIL-Thak | 5.A.56 | 0 | |
| 48121 | 3581 | 1529 | ³kaŋ | hill | Thakali (Tukche) | 23 | 2.1.4 | Tamangish | 1 | Mazaudon 78 Tam | MM-K78 | 47 | 0 | |
| 175427 | 3581 | 1530 | ³kaŋ | hill | Thakali (Tukche) | 23 | 2.1.4 | Tamangish | 1 | Mazaudon 94 These | MM-Thesis | 140 | 0 | |
| 49775 | 3581,m | 1545 | kəŋ◦ka | ridge, high mountain <hill> | Thulung | 30 | 2.3.4 | Western Kiranti | 1 | Allen 75 | NJA-Thulung | 0 | ||
| 479472 | 3581 | 1977 | -kon | steep ridge, spur | nb. | Chepang | 28 | 2.4 | Kham-Magar-Chepang | 1 | Caughley 00 Chepang | RC-DOC | 0 | |
| 479454 | 3581 | 1977 | -koŋ | steep ridge, spur | nb. | Chepang | 28 | 2.4 | Kham-Magar-Chepang | 1 | Caughley 00 Chepang | RC-DOC | 0 | |
| 346397 | 2166,3581 | 1806 | prɐ kuŋ | cave (mountain) | n | rGyalrong (Maerkang) | 78 | 3.3.1 | rGyalrong | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 0028.11 | 0 |
| 181537 | 3581 | 537 | gɔŋ⁵⁵ | slope | Trung [Dulong] | 38 | 4 | Nungic | 1 | Sun H 91 ZMYY | ZMYYC | 30.46 | 0 | |
| 346198 | 3581,m | 1816 | gɔŋ⁵⁵daŋ⁵⁵ | hillside / mountain slope | n | Dulong | 38 | 4 | Nungic | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 0024.20 | 0 |
| 515158 | 3581 | 2011 | kaŋ¹ | hill / high ground | *Lolo-Burmese | 42 | 6.1 | Lolo-Burmese | 1 | Matisoff 03 HPTB | JAM-HPTB | 595 | 0 | |
| 32300 | 623,3581 | 401 | hlya-khaŋ | uvula, palate | Burmese (Written) | 44 | 6.1.1 | Burmish | 1 | Matisoff 74 TJLB | JAM-TJLB | 90 | 0 | |
| 146347 | 3581 | 400 | khaŋ | roof, strip of high ground, ridge | Burmese (Written) | 44 | 6.1.1 | Burmish | 1 | Matisoff 83 TIL | JAM-TIL | 66 | 0 | |
| 32299 | 3581 | 401 | khaŋ | knoll, rising ground, hill | Burmese (Written) | 44 | 6.1.1 | Burmish | 1 | Matisoff 74 TJLB | JAM-TJLB | 90 | 0 | |
| 438107 | 3581,232 | 406 | khaŋ-rûi | roof; strip of high ground | Burmese (Written) | 44 | 6.1.1 | Burmish | 1 | Benedict 76 WBur | PKB-WBRD | 0 | ||
| 438426 | 3581 | 406 | khoŋ | top, summit | Burmese (Written) | 44 | 6.1.1 | Burmish | 1 | Benedict 76 WBur | PKB-WBRD | 0 | ||
| 438427 | p,3581 | 406 | ə-khoŋ | top, acme | Burmese (Written) | 44 | 6.1.1 | Burmish | 1 | Benedict 76 WBur | PKB-WBRD | 0 | ||
| 118150 | p,3581 | 396 | ʔa-khoŋ | palate | Burmese (Written) | 44 | 6.1.1 | Burmish | 1 | Matisoff 87 BP | JAM-Ety | 0 | ||
| 30982 | 3581 | 837 | qhɔ | mountain | Lahu | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Matisoff 83 TIL | JAM-TIL | 66 | 0 | |
| 346167 | 3581 | 1841 | qhɔ³³ | hill / mountain | n | Lahu (Lancang) | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 0023.43 | 0 |
| 346429 | 3581,820 | 1841 | qhɔ³³qo¹¹ | cave (mountain) | n | Lahu (Lancang) | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 0028.43 | 0 |
| 32301 | 3581 | 838 | qhɔ | hill / ridge | Lahu (Black) | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Matisoff 74 TJLB | JAM-TJLB | 90 | 0 | |
| 146373 | 3581,447,m | 838 | qhɔ-kɛ-nɛ | barren, treeless mountain | Lahu (Black) | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Matisoff 74 TJLB | JAM-TJLB | 265 | 0 | |
| 181250 | 3581 | 851 | qhɔ³³ | mountain | Lahu (Black) | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Sun H 91 ZMYY | ZMYYC | 25.33 | 0 | |
| 302858 | 3581 | 856 | qhɔ¹ | clf for big objects (e.g. hill) | Lahu (Yellow) | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Chang 86 | JZ-Lahu | 0 | ||
| 301932 | 3581 | 856 | qhɔ¹ | mountain | Lahu (Yellow) | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Chang 86 | JZ-Lahu | 0 | ||
| 346164 | 3581 | 1838 | ko̱³³ | hill / mountain | n | Lisu | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 0023.40 | 0 |
| 181247 | 3581,m,m | 942 | ko⁴⁴; wɑ³¹tʃe⁴⁴ | mountain | Lisu | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Sun H 91 ZMYY | ZMYYC | 25.27 | 0 | |
| 275252 | 3581 | 946 | kɔ³³ | mountain; C (mountains) | N | Lisu (Northern) | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Bradley 94 Lisu | DB-Lisu | 0 | |
| 281014 | 3581 | 946 | kɔ³³ thi²¹ kɔ³³ | mountain | n | Lisu (Northern) | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Bradley 94 Lisu | DB-Lisu | 0 | |
| 275254 | 3581 | 946 | kɔ³³ba³³si³³ | other side of hill | Lisu (Northern) | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Bradley 94 Lisu | DB-Lisu | 0 | ||
| 275258 | 3581 | 946 | kɔ³³da²¹ma³³ | big mountain; mount | Lisu (Northern) | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Bradley 94 Lisu | DB-Lisu | 0 | ||
| 275260 | 3581 | 946 | kɔ³³di²¹ | mountain ranges; mountain ridges | Lisu (Northern) | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Bradley 94 Lisu | DB-Lisu | 0 | ||
| 275281 | 3581 | 946 | kɔ³³dzøʔ²¹ | mountain ridge | Lisu (Northern) | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Bradley 94 Lisu | DB-Lisu | 0 | ||
| 275275 | 3581 | 946 | kɔ³³dʒu²¹ | mountain ranges | Lisu (Northern) | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Bradley 94 Lisu | DB-Lisu | 0 | ||
| 275265 | 3581 | 946 | kɔ³³khɔ³³ | climb over mountain | Lisu (Northern) | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Bradley 94 Lisu | DB-Lisu | 0 | ||
| 275266 | 3581 | 946 | kɔ³³khɔ³³pheʔ²¹ | mountain opening; mountain pass (which people often go through) | Lisu (Northern) | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Bradley 94 Lisu | DB-Lisu | 0 | ||
| 275264 | 3581 | 946 | kɔ³³khɤ²¹ | side of mountain | Lisu (Northern) | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Bradley 94 Lisu | DB-Lisu | 0 | ||
| 275269 | 3581,5560,m | 946 | kɔ³³laʔ²¹ma³³ | tiger on high mountains | Lisu (Northern) | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Bradley 94 Lisu | DB-Lisu | 0 | ||
| 275268 | 3581 | 946 | kɔ³³læ²¹ha³⁵ | mountain peak; small branch of mountain | Lisu (Northern) | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Bradley 94 Lisu | DB-Lisu | 0 | ||
| 275270 | 3581 | 946 | kɔ³³lɔ³⁵pheʔ²¹ | mountain opening; snow mountain opening; mountain pass | Lisu (Northern) | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Bradley 94 Lisu | DB-Lisu | 0 | ||
| 275272 | 3581 | 946 | kɔ³³mɤ²¹ dɤ³³ | go round the hill | Lisu (Northern) | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Bradley 94 Lisu | DB-Lisu | 0 | ||
| 275271 | 3581 | 946 | kɔ³³mɤ⁵⁵du²¹ | hill | Lisu (Northern) | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Bradley 94 Lisu | DB-Lisu | 0 | ||
| 275277 | 3581 | 946 | kɔ³³thæ²¹ | mountain area | Lisu (Northern) | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Bradley 94 Lisu | DB-Lisu | 0 | ||
| 275278 | 3581 | 946 | kɔ³³thæ²¹ kɔ³³mi⁴⁴ | mountain area | Lisu (Northern) | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Bradley 94 Lisu | DB-Lisu | 0 | ||
| 275261 | 3581 | 946 | kɔ³³tɔ³³ | top of mountain | Lisu (Northern) | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Bradley 94 Lisu | DB-Lisu | 0 | ||
| 275263 | 3581 | 946 | kɔ³³tɕe³³ | foot of hill; foot of mountain | Lisu (Northern) | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Bradley 94 Lisu | DB-Lisu | 0 | ||
| 275279 | 3581 | 946 | kɔ³³vu⁵⁵ | high mountain | Lisu (Northern) | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Bradley 94 Lisu | DB-Lisu | 0 | ||
| 275280 | 3581 | 946 | kɔ³³vu⁵⁵dy³³ | top of mountain; peak | Lisu (Northern) | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Bradley 94 Lisu | DB-Lisu | 0 | ||
| 275274 | 3581 | 946 | kɔ³³ɔ⁵⁵pa⁵⁵ la²¹tɕæ³³ | high-mountain short-toothed toad (living under rocks or snow in bamboo groves by creeksides in the area of Longtan, Biluo Snow Mountains. The male has two black dots on the chest, which look like breasts.) | Lisu (Northern) | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Bradley 94 Lisu | DB-Lisu | 0 | ||
| 275276 | 3581 | 946 | kɔ³³ʃɿ⁵⁵ | mountain grass (on top of snow mountains) | Lisu (Northern) | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Bradley 94 Lisu | DB-Lisu | 0 | ||
| 275362 | 3581,5642,m | 946 | kɔ³³ʃɿ⁵⁵ seʔ²¹ | grass and trees turn brown (indicating the beginning of winter) | V | Lisu (Northern) | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Bradley 94 Lisu | DB-Lisu | 0 | |
| 328771 | 3581,3581 | 481 | kɑ̂ng/kɑ̂ng | hill / ridge | Chinese (Old/Mid) | 53 | 9.0.1 | Old Chinese | 0 | Karlgren 57 GSR | GSR | 697a | 0 | |
| 30980 | 3581 | 475 | kâŋ | hill, ridge | Chinese (Old) | 53 | 9.0.1 | Old Chinese | 0 | Matisoff 83 TIL | JAM-TIL | 66 | 0 | |
| 600849 | 3581 | 2210 | kraŋ {[k]raŋ} | hill; capital city | Chinese (Old) | 53 | 9.0.1 | Old Chinese | 0 | BaxterSagart 2011 | WHBLS-2011 | 1433 | 0 | |
| 295765 | 3581 | 471 | krjang | hill / capital city | Chinese (Old) | 53 | 9.0.1 | Old Chinese | 0 | Baxter 92 | WHB-OC | 1430 | 0 |
岡 OC *kɑ̂ng; GSR #697a ‘ridge, crest of hill’; Mand. gāng.
京 OC *kli̯ɑ̆ng; GSR #755a ‘mound, hill, capital city’; B & S 2011: *kraŋ {[k]raŋ}; Mand. jīng.
鯨 OC *g’li̯ɑ̆ng, GSR #755f ‘whale’; Schuessler 2007:316 *graŋ; B & S 2011: *ɡraŋ {[ɡ]raŋ}; Mand. jīng.