STEDT Etymon #2684
5.0 Culture, Artifacts, Religion > 5.11 Artifacts (unclassified as yet) > 5.11.5 Tools > 5.11.5.3 Cutting/Boring
#2684 PTB *s-ta KNIFE / AXE / SWORD |
The Qiangic forms are clearly borrowings from a Tibetan binome (cf. WT sta ri).
This root seems quite distinct from #5609 PTB *taŋ KNIFE.
| rn | analysis | lgid | reflex | gloss | gfn | language | grpid | grpno | grp | genetic | citation | srcabbr | srcid | rn |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 515910 | 2684 | 2012 | s-|ta | knife / axe / sword | *Tibeto-Burman | 2 | 0.1 | Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions) | 0 | Matisoff 03 HPTB | JAM-HPTB | 614 | 0 | |
| 376059 | 2684,m | 1826 | ta⁵⁵re⁵³ | axe | n | Tibetan (Batang) | 24 | 2.1.2.1 | Tibetan | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 0605.03 | 0 |
| 376058 | 2684,m | 1815 | tə⁵⁵ri⁵⁵ | axe | n | Tibetan (Lhasa) | 24 | 2.1.2.1 | Tibetan | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 0605.02 | 0 |
| 376057 | 2684,m | 1804 | sta re | axe | n | Tibetan (Written) | 24 | 2.1.2.1 | Tibetan | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 0605.01 | 0 |
| 236750 | 2684,m | 1564 | sta◦re | axe | Tibetan (Written) | 24 | 2.1.2.1 | Tibetan | 1 | Marrison 67 Naga | GEM-CNL | 0 | ||
| 376060 | 2684,m | 1837 | hta ri | axe | n | Tibetan (Xiahe) | 24 | 2.1.2.1 | Tibetan | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 0605.04 | 0 |
| 508056 | 2684 | 1996 | tà |í | ax (<WT sta ri) | Qiang (Longxi) | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Evans 99 Qiang | JPE-SQiang | 850 | 0 | |
| 200796 | 2684 | 1320 | staːʴ | ax | Qiang (Mawo) | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Sun H 91 ZMYY | ZMYYC | 408.8 | 0 | |
| 376064 | 2684 | 1852 | stɛj | axe | n | Qiang (Mawo) | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 0605.08 | 0 |
| 508057 | 2684 | 1997 | tè |ʐì | ax (<WT sta ri) | Qiang (Mianchi) | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Evans 99 Qiang | JPE-SQiang | 850 | 0 | |
| 200772 | 2684 | 1323 | χta³¹|ʐi⁵⁵ | ax | Qiang (Taoping) | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Sun H 91 ZMYY | ZMYYC | 408.9 | 0 | |
| 303149 | 2684,x,2684 | 409 | dà < thà | knife | Burmese (Written) | 44 | 6.1.1 | Burmish | 1 | Benedict 72 STC | STC | 22n75 | 0 | |
| 200837 | 2684 | 411 | htɑ³ | knife | Burmese (Written) | 44 | 6.1.1 | Burmish | 1 | Sun H 91 ZMYY | ZMYYC | 409.39 | 0 | |
| 439802 | 2684 | 406 | thâ | knife, sword | Burmese (Written) | 44 | 6.1.1 | Burmish | 1 | Benedict 76 WBur | PKB-WBRD | 0 | ||
| 243811 | 2684 | 392 | thā: | knife | n | Burmese (Written) | 44 | 6.1.1 | Burmish | 1 | Marrison 67 Naga | GEM-CNL | 0 | |
| 11287 | 2684 | 152 | ta² | knife | *Loloish | 45 | 6.1.2 | Loloish | 1 | Bradley 79 PLo | DB-PLolo | 257/8/9C | 0 | |
| 11719 | 5609,m,2684 | 152 | taŋ³; ʔmi(a); ta² | knife | *Loloish | 45 | 6.1.2 | Loloish | 1 | Bradley 79 PLo | DB-PLolo | 257-259 | 0 | |
| 292266 | p,2684 | 879 | á-thà | knife | Lalo | 46 | 6.1.2.1 | Northern Loloish | 1 | Björverud 94 | SB-Lalo | 0 | ||
| 303152 | m,2684 | 218 | mi-tho | knife | Ahi | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Benedict 72 STC | STC | 22n75 | 0 | |
| 272142 | p,2684 | 946 | a⁵⁵tha²¹ | knife | N | Lisu (Northern) | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Bradley 94 Lisu | DB-Lisu | 0 | |
| 303151 | p,2684 | 940 | a◦tha | knife | Lisu | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Benedict 72 STC | STC | 22n75 | 0 | |
| 279661 | 1235,p,2684 | 946 | phu³³a⁵⁵tha²¹ | silver knife | Lisu (Northern) | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Bradley 94 Lisu | DB-Lisu | 0 | ||
| 200831 | p,2684 | 942 | ɑ⁵⁵thɑ³¹ | knife | Lisu | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Sun H 91 ZMYY | ZMYYC | 409.27 | 0 | |
| 303153 | m,2684 | 1376 | mi-tha | knife | Sani [Nyi] | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Benedict 72 STC | STC | 22n75 | 0 |
刀 OC *tog GSR #1131a ‘knife’; Schuessler 2007:207 *tâu; B & S 2011: *C.tˁaw; Mand. dāo.
Schuessler 2007:207 views Chinese 刀 dāo as perhaps an “…[A]rea word or CH loan”. As an alternative, we posit Sino-Tibetan *s‑ta‑w, with suffix *‑w, on the assumption that the suffix was dropped in Tibeto-Burman, yielding PTB *s‑ta, but was retained in Sinitic, yielding OC *C.tˁaw (cf. B & S 2011).
Comparative evidence for suffix *‑w within Sinitic or Tibeto-Burman is sparse (cf. #1707 PTB *ka‑y/w/m EAT, where the range of reconstructed finals awaits confirmation). Nonetheless, the fact remains that PTB *s‑ta ‘knife, axe, sword’ and OC *C.tˁaw ‘knife’ are quite close phonologically, and appear to reside within very old, core lexicon of their respective subfamilies. We suggest the issue of cognacy be left open for further research, rather than rejected outright. [SPB].