STEDT Etymon #2595

2.0 Animals and Animal Verbs > 2.2 Other Animals > 2.2.7 Other Mammals > 2.2.7.1 Otter

Written Burmese phyam has always presented a puzzle (see STC 107, n. 302). In Matisoff 2010 (“Toward a Eurasian Bestiary”), I surmised that the labial initial arose through a reduction of a Mon-Khmer etymon (see Mon-Khmer *bheʔ, Shorto 2006:#260).

Lisu pu̱³³ and Hani (Khatu) pjá tɔ̃ seem clearly to be loans from Burmese.

After much hesitation, STC chose to treat the initial combination *sr‑ as an intrinsic cluster rather than as a sequence of prefix plus root initial. This analysis is buttressed by forms like Mizo sa‑hram.

rn	analysis	lgid	reflex	gloss	gfn	language	grpid	grpno	grp	genetic	citation	srcabbr	srcid
7612	2595	175	s-\|ram	otter		*Tibeto-Burman	2	0.1	Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)	0	Weidert 87 TBTo	AW-TBT	229
515738	2595	2012	s-\|ram	otter		*Tibeto-Burman	2	0.1	Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)	0	Matisoff 03 HPTB	JAM-HPTB	609
31299	2595	178	s-\|ram	otter		*Tibeto-Burman	2	0.1	Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)	0	Matisoff 83 TIL	JAM-TIL	19
72388	2595	182	s-\|ram	otter		*Tibeto-Burman	2	0.1	Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)	0	Benedict 72 STC	STC	438
60816	2595,2595	181	s-\|ram=*sram	otter		*Tibeto-Burman	2	0.1	Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)	0	LaPolla 87	RJL-DPTB	154
303461	2595	182	sram	otter		*Tibeto-Burman	2	0.1	Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)	0	Benedict 72 STC	STC	42n135
515873	2595,2595,2595	2012	sram or s-\|ram	otter		*Tibeto-Burman	2	0.1	Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)	0	Matisoff 03 HPTB	JAM-HPTB	613
283292	2595	173	ram	otter		*Tani	5	1.1.1	Tani	1	Sun J 93 HCST	JS-HCST	283
173998	p,2595	287	sɯ-rĩ	otter		Apatani	73	1.1.1.1	Western Tani	1	Sun J 93 HCST	JS-HCST
157059	p,2595	286	sɯ-rĩ	otter		Apatani	73	1.1.1.1	Western Tani	1	Sun J 93 Tani	JS-Tani
157056	p,2595	334	si-ram	otter		Bengni	73	1.1.1.1	Western Tani	1	Sun J 93 Tani	JS-Tani
173999	p,2595	333	šɯ-ram	otter		Bengni	73	1.1.1.1	Western Tani	1	Sun J 93 HCST	JS-HCST
174000	p,2595	360	šə-ram	otter		Bokar	73	1.1.1.1	Western Tani	1	Sun J 93 HCST	JS-HCST
157057	p,2595	365	sə-ram	otter		Bokar	73	1.1.1.1	Western Tani	1	Sun J 93 Tani	JS-Tani
361529	p,2595	1820	ɕə ram	otter	n	Bokar	73	1.1.1.1	Western Tani	1	Huang and Dai 92 TBL	TBL	0317.24
60039	p,2595	367	śə◦ram	otter		Bokar Lhoba	73	1.1.1.1	Western Tani	1	LaPolla 87	RJL-DPTB	154
186767	p,2595	368	ɕə ram	otter		Bokar Lhoba	73	1.1.1.1	Western Tani	1	Sun H 91 ZMYY	ZMYYC	133.51
493181	p,2595	1979	ho◦ram	otter	n.	Galo	73	1.1.1.1	Western Tani	1	Rɨbaa,Post,et al. 09	GLDC-GED
488984	p,2595	1979	ho◦ram	Amblonyx cinereus concolor	n.	Galo	73	1.1.1.1	Western Tani	1	Rɨbaa,Post,et al. 09	GLDC-GED
493182	2595,591	1979	`ram◦pin	otter skin	n.	Galo	73	1.1.1.1	Western Tani	1	Rɨbaa,Post,et al. 09	GLDC-GED
174001	m,2595	1253	si-ram	otter		Padam-Mishing [Abor-Miri]	74	1.1.1.2	Eastern Tani	1	Sun J 93 HCST	JS-HCST
157058	m,2595	498	ɕi-ram	otter		Damu	74	1.1.1.2	Eastern Tani	1	Sun J 93 Tani	JS-Tani
60024	m,2595	1075	si-ram	otter		Mishing [Miri]	74	1.1.1.2	Eastern Tani	1	LaPolla 87	RJL-DPTB	154
71699	m,2595	1076	si-ram	otter		Mishing [Miri]	74	1.1.1.2	Eastern Tani	1	Benedict 72 STC	STC	438
361527	m,2595	1818	xɑ³¹ɹɯŋ³⁵	otter	n	Darang [Taraon]	6	1.1.2	Deng	1	Huang and Dai 92 TBL	TBL	0317.22
186766	m,2595	509	xɑ³¹ɹɯŋ³⁵	otter		Darang [Taraon]	6	1.1.2	Deng	1	Sun H 91 ZMYY	ZMYYC	133.49
60040	2595	591	ram³⁵	otter		Kaman [Miju]	6	1.1.2	Deng	1	LaPolla 87	RJL-DPTB	154
361528	2595	1819	ɹɑm³⁵	otter	n	Kaman [Miju]	6	1.1.2	Deng	1	Huang and Dai 92 TBL	TBL	0317.23
186791	2595	592	ɹɑm³⁵	otter		Kaman [Miju]	6	1.1.2	Deng	1	Sun H 91 ZMYY	ZMYYC	133.48
501122	2595	1920	hram	OTTER		*Chin	8	1.2	Kuki-Chin	1	VanBik 09 PKC	KVB-PKC	1091
446970	34,2595	1927	sa ham	otter		Sizang	68	1.2.1.1	Northern Chin	1	VanBik 09 PKC	KVB-PKC	1091
446969	298,2595	1926	túi hám	otter ("water otter")		Thado	68	1.2.1.1	Northern Chin	1	VanBik 09 PKC	KVB-PKC	1091
446972	2595	1948	ahǎn	otter		Asho	69	1.2.1.2	Southern Plains Chin	1	VanBik 09 PKC	KVB-PKC	1091
446971	298,2595	1928	tui hram	otter ("water otter")		Cho (Mindat)	69	1.2.1.2	Southern Plains Chin	1	VanBik 09 PKC	KVB-PKC	1091
446973	2595	1929	sahaang	otter-like animal, small (stiped fur, lives in the river, eats fish)		Khumi	69	1.2.1.2	Southern Plains Chin	1	VanBik 09 PKC	KVB-PKC	1091
446967	34,2595	1947	sàay-hrěm	otter		Lai (Hakha)	70	1.2.2	Central Chin	1	VanBik 09 PKC	KVB-PKC	1091
311410	34,2595	861	sai-hrem	otter		Lai (Hakha)	70	1.2.2	Central Chin	1	Van Bik, K. 95 Lai	KVB-Lai
446968	34,2595	1924	sa-hrǎm	otter	n	Lushai [Mizo]	70	1.2.2	Central Chin	1	VanBik 09 PKC	KVB-PKC	1091
60026	34,2595	983	sa-hram	otter		Lushai [Mizo]	70	1.2.2	Central Chin	1	LaPolla 87	RJL-DPTB	154
304203	34,2595	984	sa-hram	otter		Lushai [Mizo]	70	1.2.2	Central Chin	1	Benedict 72 STC	STC	108n304
71707	34,2595	984	sa-hram	otter		Lushai [Mizo]	70	1.2.2	Central Chin	1	Benedict 72 STC	STC	438
257018	34,2595	976	sa◦hram	otter		Lushai [Mizo]	70	1.2.2	Central Chin	1	Marrison 67 Naga	GEM-CNL
446966	m,2595	1921	sìa-hrá	otter		Lakher [Mara]	71	1.2.3	Maraic	1	VanBik 09 PKC	KVB-PKC	1091
619283	2595	2229	raːm	OTTER		*Central Naga	63	1.3.1	Central Naga (Ao Group)	1	Bruhn 14 PCN	DWB-PCN	III.124
257010	2595	270	shirem	otter		Ao (Chungli)	63	1.3.1	Central Naga (Ao Group)	1	Marrison 67 Naga	GEM-CNL
619990	2595	2245	sim³	otter	n.	Ao (Chungli)	63	1.3.1	Central Naga (Ao Group)	1	Bruhn 14 SuppCN	DWB-CNSD
3914	2595	275	³ši¹m\|	otter		Ao (Chungli)	63	1.3.1	Central Naga (Ao Group)	1	Weidert 87 TBTo	AW-TBT	229
618745	2595	2246	tʃíɹə́m	otter	n.	Ao (Mongsen: Khensa)	63	1.3.1	Central Naga (Ao Group)	1	Bruhn 14 SuppCN	DWB-CNSD
257011	2595	273	chiram	otter		Ao (Mongsen: Longchang)	63	1.3.1	Central Naga (Ao Group)	1	Marrison 67 Naga	GEM-CNL
451050	2595	1963	siɹəm	otter	n.	Ao (Mongsen: Mangmetong)	63	1.3.1	Central Naga (Ao Group)	1	Coupe 07 Ao	ARC-GMA
620374	m,2595	2231	te¹-ran³	otter	n.	Lotha Naga	63	1.3.1	Central Naga (Ao Group)	1	Bruhn 14 PCN	DWB-PCN	III.124
617756	m,2595	2220	te◦ran	otter		Lotha Naga	63	1.3.1	Central Naga (Ao Group)	1	Murry 78	LLC-ALV	82
3913	p,2595	962	¹de³ran(ʔ)	otter		Lotha Naga	63	1.3.1	Central Naga (Ao Group)	1	Weidert 87 TBTo	AW-TBT	229
3912	m,2595	257	²khuo⁵rha	otter		Angami Naga	65	1.3.2	Angami-Pochuri Group	1	Weidert 87 TBTo	AW-TBT	229
2312	p,2595	1346	a-ram	otter		Rongmei / Nruanghmei	64	1.3.3	Zeme Group	1	Weidert 87 TBTo	AW-TBT	30
2311	p,2595	1695	¹he⁴ram	otter		Zeme	64	1.3.3	Zeme Group	1	Weidert 87 TBTo	AW-TBT	30
528879	2595	2031	ram	otter		*Tangkhulic	66	1.3.4	Tangkhulic	1	Mortensen 12 Tk	DRM-Tk	438
525208	m,2595	2023	ʃə-ram	otter		Huishu	66	1.3.4	Tangkhulic	1	Mortensen 12 Tk	DRM-Tk	Animals.099
526819	m,2595	2025	si-rɐm	otter		Ukhrul	66	1.3.4	Tangkhulic	1	Mortensen 12 Tk	DRM-Tk
257020	2595	1062	serim	otter		Mikir [Karbi]	14	1.5	Mikir [Karbi]	1	Marrison 67 Naga	GEM-CNL
60032	2595	1067	serim	otter		Mikir [Karbi]	14	1.5	Mikir [Karbi]	1	LaPolla 87	RJL-DPTB	154
304183	2595	1068	serim	otter		Mikir [Karbi]	14	1.5	Mikir [Karbi]	1	Benedict 72 STC	STC	108n304
257016	p,2595	531	ma◦tham	otter		Dimasa	80	1.7.1.1	Bodo	1	Marrison 67 Naga	GEM-CNL
60031	p,2595	533	ma◦tham	otter		Dimasa	80	1.7.1.1	Bodo	1	LaPolla 87	RJL-DPTB	154
304140	p,2595	534	ma◦tham	otter		Dimasa	80	1.7.1.1	Bodo	1	Benedict 72 STC	STC	107n301
71706	p,2595	534	ma◦tham	otter		Dimasa	80	1.7.1.1	Bodo	1	Benedict 72 STC	STC	438
55532	m,2595	803	ma-tʰam	otter		Kokborok	80	1.7.1.1	Bodo	1	Tripuri 88	PT-Kok
3033	m,2595	1036	mo◦ʈam	otter		Meche	80	1.7.1.1	Bodo	1	Weidert 87 TBTo	AW-TBT	157
3034	m,2595	568	mat-ram	otter		Garo	81	1.7.1.2	Garo	1	Weidert 87 TBTo	AW-TBT	157
60030	m,2595	578	mat◦ram	otter		Garo	81	1.7.1.2	Garo	1	LaPolla 87	RJL-DPTB	154
304184	m,2595	579	mat◦ram	otter		Garo	81	1.7.1.2	Garo	1	Benedict 72 STC	STC	108n304
71705	p,2595	579	mat◦ram	otter		Garo	81	1.7.1.2	Garo	1	Benedict 72 STC	STC	438
466973	m,2595	1945	mat-ram	otter	n	Garo (Bangladesh)	81	1.7.1.2	Garo	1	Burling 03 Garo	RB-LMMG	4.419-II:idx
79040	2595	161	(C̥-)\|rom	otter		*Northern Naga	12	1.7.2	Northern Naga/Konyakian	1	French 83	WTF-PNN	530
2309	2595	428	lám	otter		Chang	85	1.7.2.2	Konyak-Chang	1	Weidert 87 TBTo	AW-TBT	30
257012	2595	429	lam	otter		Chang	85	1.7.2.2	Konyak-Chang	1	Marrison 67 Naga	GEM-CNL
2310	2595	786	¹yam	otter		Khiamngan	85	1.7.2.2	Konyak-Chang	1	Weidert 87 TBTo	AW-TBT	30
257017	2595	669	saram	otter		Jingpho	37	1.7.3.1	Jingpho	1	Marrison 67 Naga	GEM-CNL
32124	2595	676	šərām	otter		Jingpho	37	1.7.3.1	Jingpho	1	Matisoff 74 TJLB	JAM-TJLB	143
60028	2595	684	śəram	otter		Jingpho	37	1.7.3.1	Jingpho	1	LaPolla 87	RJL-DPTB	154
304182	2595	686	śəram	otter		Jingpho	37	1.7.3.1	Jingpho	1	Benedict 72 STC	STC	108n304
71701	2595	685	śəram	otter		Jingpho	37	1.7.3.1	Jingpho	1	Benedict 72 STC	STC	438
361524	2595	1814	ʃă³¹\|ʒam³³	otter	n	Jingpho	37	1.7.3.1	Jingpho	1	Huang and Dai 92 TBL	TBL	0317.19
186765	2595	690	ʃă³¹\|ʒam³³	otter		Jingpho	37	1.7.3.1	Jingpho	1	Sun H 91 ZMYY	ZMYYC	133.47
334067	2595	679	ʃă¹\|ʒam³³	otter		Jingpho	37	1.7.3.1	Jingpho	1	Liu 84	JZ-Jingpo
60038	2595	1087	sam	otter		Tsangla (Motuo)	22	2.1.2	Bodic	1	LaPolla 87	RJL-DPTB	154
186746	2595	1088	sam	otter		Tsangla (Motuo)	22	2.1.2	Bodic	1	Sun H 91 ZMYY	ZMYYC	133.7
298062	2595	1093	tsɑm⁵⁵	otter		Tshona (Wenlang)	22	2.1.2	Bodic	1	Lu 86 CuoM	JZ-CNMenba
60037	2595	1091	tʂam⁵³	otter		Tshona (Mama)	22	2.1.2	Bodic	1	LaPolla 87	RJL-DPTB	154
186770	2595	1092	tʂᴀm⁵³	otter		Tshona (Mama)	22	2.1.2	Bodic	1	Sun H 91 ZMYY	ZMYYC	133.6
361512	2595	1851	sam	otter	n	Motuo Menba	22	2.1.2	Bodic	1	Huang and Dai 92 TBL	TBL	0317.07
361511	2595	1850	tʂam⁵³	otter	n	Cuona Menba	22	2.1.2	Bodic	1	Huang and Dai 92 TBL	TBL	0317.06
361510	2595	1848	ʂam	otter	n	Tibetan (Alike)	24	2.1.2.1	Tibetan	1	Huang and Dai 92 TBL	TBL	0317.05
186769	2595	1550	ʂam	otter		Tibetan (Amdo:Bla-brang)	24	2.1.2.1	Tibetan	1	Sun H 91 ZMYY	ZMYYC	133.4
186745	2595	1585	ʂam	otter		Tibetan (Amdo:Zeku)	24	2.1.2.1	Tibetan	1	Sun H 91 ZMYY	ZMYYC	133.5
36518	2595	1584	ʂæm	otter		Tibetan (Amdo:Zeku)	24	2.1.2.1	Tibetan	1	Sun J 85 Amdo	JS-Amdo	720
361508	2595	1826	sɑ̃⁵⁵	otter	n	Tibetan (Batang)	24	2.1.2.1	Tibetan	1	Huang and Dai 92 TBL	TBL	0317.03
186744	2595	1380	sɑŋ⁵⁵	otter		Tibetan (Khams:Dege)	24	2.1.2.1	Tibetan	1	Sun H 91 ZMYY	ZMYYC	133.3
361507	2595	1815	tʂam⁵⁵	otter	n	Tibetan (Lhasa)	24	2.1.2.1	Tibetan	1	Huang and Dai 92 TBL	TBL	0317.02
186768	2595	1557	tʂam⁵⁵	otter		Tibetan (Lhasa)	24	2.1.2.1	Tibetan	1	Sun H 91 ZMYY	ZMYYC	133.2
233186	2166,2595	1567	brɑg-srɑ́m	rock-otter? / sable?		Tibetan (Written)	24	2.1.2.1	Tibetan	1	Jäschke 1881	HAJ-TED
233184	m,2595	1567	c̀ʻu-srɑm	otter? / beaver?		Tibetan (Written)	24	2.1.2.1	Tibetan	1	Jäschke 1881	HAJ-TED
233185	m,2595	1567	nyɑ́-srɑm	otter / fishes and otters		Tibetan (Written)	24	2.1.2.1	Tibetan	1	Jäschke 1881	HAJ-TED
257021	2595	1564	sram	otter		Tibetan (Written)	24	2.1.2.1	Tibetan	1	Marrison 67 Naga	GEM-CNL
31162	2595	1572	sram	otter		Tibetan (Written)	24	2.1.2.1	Tibetan	1	Matisoff 83 TIL	JAM-TIL	19
32123	2595	1573	sram	otter		Tibetan (Written)	24	2.1.2.1	Tibetan	1	Matisoff 74 TJLB	JAM-TJLB	143
38303	2595	1575	sram	otter		Tibetan (Written)	24	2.1.2.1	Tibetan	1	Sun J 85 TbGl	JS-Tib	720
60023	2595	1577	sram	otter		Tibetan (Written)	24	2.1.2.1	Tibetan	1	LaPolla 87	RJL-DPTB	154
304181	2595	1578	sram	otter		Tibetan (Written)	24	2.1.2.1	Tibetan	1	Benedict 72 STC	STC	108n304
361506	2595	1804	sram	otter	n	Tibetan (Written)	24	2.1.2.1	Tibetan	1	Huang and Dai 92 TBL	TBL	0317.01
186743	2595	1582	sram	otter		Tibetan (Written)	24	2.1.2.1	Tibetan	1	Sun H 91 ZMYY	ZMYYC	133.1
233183	2595	1567	srɑm	otter		Tibetan (Written)	24	2.1.2.1	Tibetan	1	Jäschke 1881	HAJ-TED
361509	2595	1837	ʂam	otter	n	Tibetan (Xiahe)	24	2.1.2.1	Tibetan	1	Huang and Dai 92 TBL	TBL	0317.04
60025	2595	899	saryom	otter		Lepcha	21	2.1.3	Lepcha	1	LaPolla 87	RJL-DPTB	154
71698	2595	900	săryom	otter		Lepcha	21	2.1.3	Lepcha	1	Benedict 72 STC	STC	438
361521	m,2595	1811	tʃhə⁵⁵sɑ̃⁵⁵	otter	n	Guiqiong	34	3.2	Qiangic	1	Huang and Dai 92 TBL	TBL	0317.16
361523	2595	1813	ʂe³⁵	otter	n	Lyuzu	34	3.2	Qiangic	1	Huang and Dai 92 TBL	TBL	0317.18
361520	2595	1810	dʑuə̱²⁴	otter	n	Muya	34	3.2	Qiangic	1	Huang and Dai 92 TBL	TBL	0317.15
186749	2595	1136	dʑyɐ̱³⁵	otter		Muya [Minyak]	34	3.2	Qiangic	1	Sun H 91 ZMYY	ZMYYC	133.15
361515	2595	1805	ʂẽ⁵⁵	otter	n	Pumi (Jiulong)	34	3.2	Qiangic	1	Huang and Dai 92 TBL	TBL	0317.10
361514	2595	1853	skhɛ̃⁵⁵	otter	n	Pumi (Lanping)	34	3.2	Qiangic	1	Huang and Dai 92 TBL	TBL	0317.09
186748	2595	1306	skhɛ̃⁵⁵	otter		Pumi (Qinghua)	34	3.2	Qiangic	1	Sun H 91 ZMYY	ZMYYC	133.11
186772	2595	1309	xĩ⁵⁵	otter		Pumi (Taoba)	34	3.2	Qiangic	1	Sun H 91 ZMYY	ZMYYC	133.10
60036	2595	1318	ɣdʐi	otter		Qiang (Mawo)	34	3.2	Qiangic	1	LaPolla 87	RJL-DPTB	154
186771	2595	1320	ɣdʐi	otter		Qiang (Mawo)	34	3.2	Qiangic	1	Sun H 91 ZMYY	ZMYYC	133.8
361513	2595	1852	ɣdʐəəʴ	otter	n	Qiang (Mawo)	34	3.2	Qiangic	1	Huang and Dai 92 TBL	TBL	0317.08
186775	2595	1699	sõ⁵³	otter		Queyu (Yajiang) [Zhaba]	34	3.2	Qiangic	1	Sun H 91 ZMYY	ZMYYC	133.16
361518	2595	1808	ʂsɛ⁵⁵	otter	n	Queyu (Xinlong)	34	3.2	Qiangic	1	Huang and Dai 92 TBL	TBL	0317.13
361522	2595	1812	ʂɛ̃⁵⁵	otter	n	Xumi	34	3.2	Qiangic	1	Huang and Dai 92 TBL	TBL	0317.17
186777	2595	1409	ʂɛ̃⁵⁵	otter		Xumi	34	3.2	Qiangic	1	Sun H 91 ZMYY	ZMYYC	133.20
361519	m,2595	1809	tʌ³³ʂi³³	otter	n	Zhaba (Daofu County)	34	3.2	Qiangic	1	Huang and Dai 92 TBL	TBL	0317.14
186774	2595	557	sʐɛm	otter		Ergong (Danba)	35	3.3	rGyalrongic	1	Sun H 91 ZMYY	ZMYYC	133.14
361517	2595	1807	ʂsəm	otter	n	Daofu	35	3.3	rGyalrongic	1	Huang and Dai 92 TBL	TBL	0317.12
331459	2595	1797	srɐm	otter		Caodeng	78	3.3.1	rGyalrong	1	Sun J 97 Cao	JS-Caodeng
361516	m,2595	1806	tʃhə srɑm	otter	n	rGyalrong (Maerkang)	78	3.3.1	rGyalrong	1	Huang and Dai 92 TBL	TBL	0317.11
186773	m,2595	1340	tʃə ʃram	otter		rGyalrong	78	3.3.1	rGyalrong	1	Sun H 91 ZMYY	ZMYYC	133.12
329236	2595	1796	sram	otter		rGyalrong	78	3.3.1	rGyalrong	1	Nagano 97 GyQ	Gyarong.Nag	10.5
333340	2595	1799	ʃram	otter		rGBenzhen	78	3.3.1	rGyalrong	1	Sun J 97 rGB	JS-rGBenzhe
71700	2595	1205	iəram	otter		Anong	38	4	Nungic	1	Benedict 72 STC	STC	438
60027	2595	1203	səram	otter		Anong	38	4	Nungic	1	LaPolla 87	RJL-DPTB	154
501759	2595	1982	ʃəram³¹	otter		Rawang	38	4	Nungic	1	LaPolla 03	RJL-Rawang	362
186790	2595	537	sɯ³¹\|ɹăm⁵³	otter		Trung [Dulong]	38	4	Nungic	1	Sun H 91 ZMYY	ZMYYC	133.46
361525	2595	1816	ɕɯ³¹\|ɹɑm⁵³	otter	n	Dulong	38	4	Nungic	1	Huang and Dai 92 TBL	TBL	0317.20
60021	2595	539	sɯ³¹ \|ram⁵³	otter		Trung [Dulong] (Dulonghe)	38	4	Nungic	1	LaPolla 87	RJL-DPTB	154
60022	2595	541	sɯ³¹ \|ram⁵³	otter		Trung [Dulong] (Nujiang)	38	4	Nungic	1	LaPolla 87	RJL-DPTB	154
298976	2595	540	sɯ³¹\|ɹɑ̆m⁵³	otter		Trung [Dulong] (Nujiang)	38	4	Nungic	1	Sun H 82 Dul	JZ-Dulong
3029	2595	138	sram	otter		*Lolo-Burmese	42	6.1	Lolo-Burmese	1	Weidert 87 TBTo	AW-TBT	157
60029	2595	148	sram	otter		*Lolo-Burmese	42	6.1	Lolo-Burmese	1	LaPolla 87	RJL-DPTB	154
71702	2595	149	sram	otter		*Lolo-Burmese	42	6.1	Lolo-Burmese	1	Benedict 72 STC	STC	438
515874	2595	2011	sram¹	otter		*Lolo-Burmese	42	6.1	Lolo-Burmese	1	Matisoff 03 HPTB	JAM-HPTB	613
60034	2595	206	sam⁵⁵	otter		Achang (Longchuan)	44	6.1.1	Burmish	1	LaPolla 87	RJL-DPTB	154
361533	2595	1824	sam⁵⁵	otter	n	Achang (Longchuan)	44	6.1.1	Burmish	1	Huang and Dai 92 TBL	TBL	0317.28
186762	2595	200	sam⁵⁵	otter		Achang (Longchuan)	44	6.1.1	Burmish	1	Sun H 91 ZMYY	ZMYYC	133.41
60035	2595	208	źam³⁵	otter		Achang (Luxi)	44	6.1.1	Burmish	1	LaPolla 87	RJL-DPTB	154
286899	2595	207	ʑam³⁵	otter		Achang (Luxi)	44	6.1.1	Burmish	1	Dai 85 AcJZ	JZ-Achang
361537	2595	1829	xɛ̃⁵⁵	otter	n	Bola (Luxi)	44	6.1.1	Burmish	1	Huang and Dai 92 TBL	TBL	0317.32
234114	2595	653	ʃɛ́	otter		Hpun (Northern)	44	6.1.1	Burmish	1	Henderson 86 Hpun	EJAH-Hpun
361536	2595	1828	xɛ̃ ³¹	otter	n	Langsu (Luxi)	44	6.1.1	Burmish	1	Huang and Dai 92 TBL	TBL	0317.31
361538	2595	1830	ʃa̱m³³	otter	n	Leqi (Luxi)	44	6.1.1	Burmish	1	Huang and Dai 92 TBL	TBL	0317.33
186763	2595	1034	xɛ̃³¹	otter		Maru [Langsu]	44	6.1.1	Burmish	1	Sun H 91 ZMYY	ZMYYC	133.43
71703	2595	1032	χrɛn	otter		Maru [Langsu]	44	6.1.1	Burmish	1	Benedict 72 STC	STC	438
60033	2595	1690	xam⁵¹	otter		Atsi [Zaiwa]	44	6.1.1	Burmish	1	LaPolla 87	RJL-DPTB	154
361535	2595	1827	xam⁵¹	otter	n	Atsi [Zaiwa]	44	6.1.1	Burmish	1	Huang and Dai 92 TBL	TBL	0317.30
186788	2595	1693	xam⁵¹	otter		Atsi [Zaiwa]	44	6.1.1	Burmish	1	Sun H 91 ZMYY	ZMYYC	133.42
3032	2595,2595	151	ʃ-\|/ʔp-\|yam¹	otter		*Loloish	45	6.1.2	Loloish	1	Weidert 87 TBTo	AW-TBT	157
11483	2595,2595	152	ʃ-\|/ʔp-\|yam¹	otter		*Loloish	45	6.1.2	Loloish	1	Bradley 79 PLo	DB-PLolo	29
133728	2595,2595	153	ʃ-\|/ʔp\|-yam¹	otter		*Loloish	45	6.1.2	Loloish	1	Hansson 89 AHKP	ILH-PL	395
334970	2595	1219	kɹɔ̱³¹	otter		Nusu (Northern)	46	6.1.2.1	Northern Loloish	1	Sun J 86 Nusu	JZ-Nusu
335874	2595	1220	xɹɛ³⁵	otter		Nusu (Southern)	46	6.1.2.1	Northern Loloish	1	Sun J 86 Nusu	JZ-Nusu
186764	2595	1215	xɹɑ³⁵	otter		Nusu (Bijiang)	46	6.1.2.1	Northern Loloish	1	Sun H 91 ZMYY	ZMYYC	133.45
361539	1455,2595	1831	ŋa⁵⁵dza⁵⁵	otter	n	Nusu (Central)	46	6.1.2.1	Northern Loloish	1	Huang and Dai 92 TBL	TBL	0317.34
186778	1013,2595	1658	ʑi²¹sɿ³³	otter		Yi (Dafang)	46	6.1.2.1	Northern Loloish	1	Sun H 91 ZMYY	ZMYYC	133.22
463736	2595,m	1962	ʂo³⁴nʥɿ³³	skin, otter		Yi (Liangshan)	46	6.1.2.1	Northern Loloish	1	Ma 08 Yi	SIL-Nuosu	index
463737	2595,m	1962	ʂo³⁴zɯ³³	otter		Yi (Liangshan)	46	6.1.2.1	Northern Loloish	1	Ma 08 Yi	SIL-Nuosu	index
186780	1013,2595	1663	ʑi²¹ɕe⁵⁵	otter		Yi (Mojiang)	46	6.1.2.1	Northern Loloish	1	Sun H 91 ZMYY	ZMYYC	133.26
186779	1013,2595	1664	ʑi³³ʂi³³	otter		Yi (Nanhua)	46	6.1.2.1	Northern Loloish	1	Sun H 91 ZMYY	ZMYYC	133.24
361542	1013,2595	1834	ʑi³³ʂə̱³³	otter	n	Yi (Nanhua)	46	6.1.2.1	Northern Loloish	1	Huang and Dai 92 TBL	TBL	0317.37
361543	1013,2595	1835	ji¹¹se³³	otter	n	Yi (Wuding)	46	6.1.2.1	Northern Loloish	1	Huang and Dai 92 TBL	TBL	0317.38
361540	2595	1832	ʂo³³	otter	n	Yi (Xide)	46	6.1.2.1	Northern Loloish	1	Huang and Dai 92 TBL	TBL	0317.35
186752	2595	1670	ʂo³³	otter		Yi (Xide)	46	6.1.2.1	Northern Loloish	1	Sun H 91 ZMYY	ZMYYC	133.21
361549	2595,m,m	1842	ʃɛ⁴⁴a⁴⁴mɔ⁴⁴	otter	n	Jinuo	47	6.1.2.2	Central Loloish	1	Huang and Dai 92 TBL	TBL	0317.44
186784	2595	696	ɕɛ⁴²	otter		Jinuo	47	6.1.2.2	Central Loloish	1	Sun H 91 ZMYY	ZMYYC	133.34
300810	2595,m,m	700	ɕɛ⁴²ɑ⁴⁴mɔ⁴⁴	otter		Jinuo (Youle)	47	6.1.2.2	Central Loloish	1	Gai 86	JZ-Jinuo
304221	2595	844	šo	otter		Lahu	47	6.1.2.2	Central Loloish	1	Benedict 72 STC	STC	108n304
32126	1013,2595,m	838	g̈ɨ̀-šo-lo	otter		Lahu (Black)	47	6.1.2.2	Central Loloish	1	Matisoff 74 TJLB	JAM-TJLB	143
361544	1013,2595	1836	z̊³³ʂɤ⁴⁴	otter	n	Yi (Sani)	47	6.1.2.2	Central Loloish	1	Huang and Dai 92 TBL	TBL	0317.39
133730	2595	228	sjhḿ	otter		Akha	48	6.1.2.3	Southern Loloish	1	Hansson 89 AHKP	ILH-PL	395
136933	1013,2595,1013,2595	244	ý sjhḿ/ ý shḿ	otter		Akha (Yunnan)	48	6.1.2.3	Southern Loloish	1	Hansson 89 AHKP	ILH-PL	395
136932	1013,2595	243	ý-sjhḿ	otter		Akha (Thai)	48	6.1.2.3	Southern Loloish	1	Hansson 89 AHKP	ILH-PL	395
142084	191,2595	346	láŋ◦ʃám	otter		Bisu	48	6.1.2.3	Southern Loloish	1	Bradley 9x Bisu	DB-Bisu
186757	1013,2595	510	ɯ⁵⁵sɔ⁵⁵	otter		Hani (Dazhai)	48	6.1.2.3	Southern Loloish	1	Sun H 91 ZMYY	ZMYYC	133.31
361546	1013,2595	1839	ɯ⁵⁵sɔ⁵⁵	otter	n	Hani (Lüchun)	48	6.1.2.3	Southern Loloish	1	Huang and Dai 92 TBL	TBL	0317.41
133732	2595	1299	sjhí	otter		Hani (Pijo)	48	6.1.2.3	Southern Loloish	1	Hansson 89 AHKP	ILH-PL	395
136937	1013,2595	1299	ɣý sjhí	otter		Hani (Pijo)	48	6.1.2.3	Southern Loloish	1	Hansson 89 AHKP	ILH-PL	395
186782	1013,2595	418	ɤ⁵⁵se⁵⁵	otter		Hani (Caiyuan)	48	6.1.2.3	Southern Loloish	1	Sun H 91 ZMYY	ZMYYC	133.30
299943	1013,2595	630	ɯ⁵⁵ɕm̩⁵⁵	otter		Hani (Gelanghe)	48	6.1.2.3	Southern Loloish	1	Li Yongsui 86 Hani	JZ-Hani
136934	1013,2595	635	eel◦saol	otter		Hani (Wordlist)	48	6.1.2.3	Southern Loloish	1	Hansson 89 AHKP	ILH-PL	395
186783	1013,2595	1416	ɣɯ⁵⁵ʃu⁵⁵	otter		Hani (Shuikui)	48	6.1.2.3	Southern Loloish	1	Sun H 91 ZMYY	ZMYYC	133.32
136936	2595,m	784	pjá tɔ̃	otter		Hani (Khatu)	48	6.1.2.3	Southern Loloish	1	Hansson 89 AHKP	ILH-PL	395
361547	1013,2595	1840	ɯ⁵⁵ʃu⁵⁵	otter	n	Hani (Mojiang)	48	6.1.2.3	Southern Loloish	1	Huang and Dai 92 TBL	TBL	0317.42
71704	2595	1291	sam	otter		Côông [Phunoi]	48	6.1.2.3	Southern Loloish	1	Benedict 72 STC	STC	438
517619	2595	1999	ʂɹ˧	otter		Laze (Xiangjiao)	43	6.2	Naxi	1	Michaud 06 NaLaze	AM-NaLaze1	3875
186756	2595	1676	ʂua³³	otter		Naxi (Yongning)	43	6.2	Naxi	1	Sun H 91 ZMYY	ZMYYC	133.29
361550	2595	1843	ʂu²¹	otter	n	Naxi	43	6.2	Naxi	1	Huang and Dai 92 TBL	TBL	0317.45
186781	2595	908	ʂu³¹	otter		Naxi (Lijiang)	43	6.2	Naxi	1	Sun H 91 ZMYY	ZMYYC	133.28

analysis

lgid

reflex

gloss

gfn

language

grpid

grpno

grp

genetic

citation

srcabbr

srcid

7612

2595

175

s-|ram

otter

*Tibeto-Burman

0.1

Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)

Weidert 87 TBTo

AW-TBT

229

515738

2595

2012

s-|ram

otter

*Tibeto-Burman

0.1

Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)

Matisoff 03 HPTB

JAM-HPTB

609

31299

2595

178

s-|ram

otter

*Tibeto-Burman

0.1

Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)

Matisoff 83 TIL

JAM-TIL

72388

2595

182

s-|ram

otter

*Tibeto-Burman

0.1

Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)

Benedict 72 STC

STC

438

60816

2595,2595

181

s-|ram=*sram

otter

*Tibeto-Burman

0.1

Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)

LaPolla 87

RJL-DPTB

154

303461

2595

182

sram

otter

*Tibeto-Burman

0.1

Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)

Benedict 72 STC

STC

42n135

515873

2595,2595,2595

2012

sram or s-|ram

otter

*Tibeto-Burman

0.1

Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)

Matisoff 03 HPTB

JAM-HPTB

613

283292

2595

173

ram

otter

*Tani

1.1.1

Tani

Sun J 93 HCST

JS-HCST

283

173998

p,2595

287

sɯ-rĩ

otter

Apatani

1.1.1.1

Western Tani

Sun J 93 HCST

JS-HCST

157059

p,2595

286

sɯ-rĩ

otter

Apatani

1.1.1.1

Western Tani

Sun J 93 Tani

JS-Tani

157056

p,2595

334

si-ram

otter

Bengni

1.1.1.1

Western Tani

Sun J 93 Tani

JS-Tani

173999

p,2595

333

šɯ-ram

otter

Bengni

1.1.1.1

Western Tani

Sun J 93 HCST

JS-HCST

174000

p,2595

360

šə-ram

otter

Bokar

1.1.1.1

Western Tani

Sun J 93 HCST

JS-HCST

157057

p,2595

365

sə-ram

otter

Bokar

1.1.1.1

Western Tani

Sun J 93 Tani

JS-Tani

361529

p,2595

1820

ɕə ram

otter

Bokar

1.1.1.1

Western Tani

Huang and Dai 92 TBL

TBL

0317.24

60039

p,2595

367

śə◦ram

otter

Bokar Lhoba

1.1.1.1

Western Tani

LaPolla 87

RJL-DPTB

154

186767

p,2595

368

ɕə ram

otter

Bokar Lhoba

1.1.1.1

Western Tani

Sun H 91 ZMYY

ZMYYC

133.51

493181

p,2595

1979

ho◦ram

otter

Galo

1.1.1.1

Western Tani

Rɨbaa,Post,et al. 09

GLDC-GED

488984

p,2595

1979

ho◦ram

Amblonyx cinereus concolor

Galo

1.1.1.1

Western Tani

Rɨbaa,Post,et al. 09

GLDC-GED

493182

2595,591

1979

`ram◦pin

otter skin

Galo

1.1.1.1

Western Tani

Rɨbaa,Post,et al. 09

GLDC-GED

174001

m,2595

1253

si-ram

otter

Padam-Mishing [Abor-Miri]

1.1.1.2

Eastern Tani

Sun J 93 HCST

JS-HCST

157058

m,2595

498

ɕi-ram

otter

Damu

1.1.1.2

Eastern Tani

Sun J 93 Tani

JS-Tani

60024

m,2595

1075

si-ram

otter

Mishing [Miri]

1.1.1.2

Eastern Tani

LaPolla 87

RJL-DPTB

154

71699

m,2595

1076

si-ram

otter

Mishing [Miri]

1.1.1.2

Eastern Tani

Benedict 72 STC

STC

438

361527

m,2595

1818

xɑ³¹ɹɯŋ³⁵

otter

Darang [Taraon]

1.1.2

Deng

Huang and Dai 92 TBL

TBL

0317.22

186766

m,2595

509

xɑ³¹ɹɯŋ³⁵

otter

Darang [Taraon]

1.1.2

Deng

Sun H 91 ZMYY

ZMYYC

133.49

60040

2595

591

ram³⁵

otter

Kaman [Miju]

1.1.2

Deng

LaPolla 87

RJL-DPTB

154

361528

2595

1819

ɹɑm³⁵

otter

Kaman [Miju]

1.1.2

Deng

Huang and Dai 92 TBL

TBL

0317.23

186791

2595

592

ɹɑm³⁵

otter

Kaman [Miju]

1.1.2

Deng

Sun H 91 ZMYY

ZMYYC

133.48

501122

2595

1920

hram

OTTER

*Chin

1.2

Kuki-Chin

VanBik 09 PKC

KVB-PKC

1091

446970

34,2595

1927

sa ham

otter

Sizang

1.2.1.1

Northern Chin

VanBik 09 PKC

KVB-PKC

1091

446969

298,2595

1926

túi hám

otter ("water otter")

Thado

1.2.1.1

Northern Chin

VanBik 09 PKC

KVB-PKC

1091

446972

2595

1948

ahǎn

otter

Asho

1.2.1.2

Southern Plains Chin

VanBik 09 PKC

KVB-PKC

1091

446971

298,2595

1928

tui hram

otter ("water otter")

Cho (Mindat)

1.2.1.2

Southern Plains Chin

VanBik 09 PKC

KVB-PKC

1091

446973

2595

1929

sahaang

otter-like animal, small (stiped fur, lives in the river, eats fish)

Khumi

1.2.1.2

Southern Plains Chin

VanBik 09 PKC

KVB-PKC

1091

446967

34,2595

1947

sàay-hrěm

otter

Lai (Hakha)

1.2.2

Central Chin

VanBik 09 PKC

KVB-PKC

1091

311410

34,2595

861

sai-hrem

otter

Lai (Hakha)

1.2.2

Central Chin

Van Bik, K. 95 Lai

KVB-Lai

446968

34,2595

1924

sa-hrǎm

otter

Lushai [Mizo]

1.2.2

Central Chin

VanBik 09 PKC

KVB-PKC

1091

60026

34,2595

983

sa-hram

otter

Lushai [Mizo]

1.2.2

Central Chin

LaPolla 87

RJL-DPTB

154

304203

34,2595

984

sa-hram

otter

Lushai [Mizo]

1.2.2

Central Chin

Benedict 72 STC

STC

108n304

71707

34,2595

984

sa-hram

otter

Lushai [Mizo]

1.2.2

Central Chin

Benedict 72 STC

STC

438

257018

34,2595

976

sa◦hram

otter

Lushai [Mizo]

1.2.2

Central Chin

Marrison 67 Naga

GEM-CNL

446966

m,2595

1921

sìa-hrá

otter

Lakher [Mara]

1.2.3

Maraic

VanBik 09 PKC

KVB-PKC

1091

619283

2595

2229

raːm

OTTER

*Central Naga

1.3.1

Central Naga (Ao Group)

Bruhn 14 PCN

DWB-PCN

III.124

257010

2595

270

shirem

otter

Ao (Chungli)

1.3.1

Central Naga (Ao Group)

Marrison 67 Naga

GEM-CNL

619990

2595

2245

sim³

otter

Ao (Chungli)

1.3.1

Central Naga (Ao Group)

Bruhn 14 SuppCN

DWB-CNSD

3914

2595

275

³ši¹m|

otter

Ao (Chungli)

1.3.1

Central Naga (Ao Group)

Weidert 87 TBTo

AW-TBT

229

618745

2595

2246

tʃíɹə́m

otter

Ao (Mongsen: Khensa)

1.3.1

Central Naga (Ao Group)

Bruhn 14 SuppCN

DWB-CNSD

257011

2595

273

chiram

otter

Ao (Mongsen: Longchang)

1.3.1

Central Naga (Ao Group)

Marrison 67 Naga

GEM-CNL

451050

2595

1963

siɹəm

otter

Ao (Mongsen: Mangmetong)

1.3.1

Central Naga (Ao Group)

Coupe 07 Ao

ARC-GMA

620374

m,2595

2231

te¹-ran³

otter

Lotha Naga

1.3.1

Central Naga (Ao Group)

Bruhn 14 PCN

DWB-PCN

III.124

617756

m,2595

2220

te◦ran

otter

Lotha Naga

1.3.1

Central Naga (Ao Group)

Murry 78

LLC-ALV

3913

p,2595

962

¹de³ran(ʔ)

otter

Lotha Naga

1.3.1

Central Naga (Ao Group)

Weidert 87 TBTo

AW-TBT

229

3912

m,2595

257

²khuo⁵rha

otter

Angami Naga

1.3.2

Angami-Pochuri Group

Weidert 87 TBTo

AW-TBT

229

2312

p,2595

1346

a-ram

otter

Rongmei / Nruanghmei

1.3.3

Zeme Group

Weidert 87 TBTo

AW-TBT

2311

p,2595

1695

¹he⁴ram

otter

Zeme

1.3.3

Zeme Group

Weidert 87 TBTo

AW-TBT

528879

2595

2031

ram

otter

*Tangkhulic

1.3.4

Tangkhulic

Mortensen 12 Tk

DRM-Tk

438

525208

m,2595

2023

ʃə-ram

otter

Huishu

1.3.4

Tangkhulic

Mortensen 12 Tk

DRM-Tk

Animals.099

526819

m,2595

2025

si-rɐm

otter

Ukhrul

1.3.4

Tangkhulic

Mortensen 12 Tk

DRM-Tk

257020

2595

1062

serim

otter

Mikir [Karbi]

1.5

Mikir [Karbi]

Marrison 67 Naga

GEM-CNL

60032

2595

1067

serim

otter

Mikir [Karbi]

1.5

Mikir [Karbi]

LaPolla 87

RJL-DPTB

154

304183

2595

1068

serim

otter

Mikir [Karbi]

1.5

Mikir [Karbi]

Benedict 72 STC

STC

108n304

257016

p,2595

531

ma◦tham

otter

Dimasa

1.7.1.1

Bodo

Marrison 67 Naga

GEM-CNL

60031

p,2595

533

ma◦tham

otter

Dimasa

1.7.1.1

Bodo

LaPolla 87

RJL-DPTB

154

304140

p,2595

534

ma◦tham

otter

Dimasa

1.7.1.1

Bodo

Benedict 72 STC

STC

107n301

71706

p,2595

534

ma◦tham

otter

Dimasa

1.7.1.1

Bodo

Benedict 72 STC

STC

438

55532

m,2595

803

ma-tʰam

otter

Kokborok

1.7.1.1

Bodo

Tripuri 88

PT-Kok

3033

m,2595

1036

mo◦ʈam

otter

Meche

1.7.1.1

Bodo

Weidert 87 TBTo

AW-TBT

157

3034

m,2595

568

mat-ram

otter

Garo

1.7.1.2

Garo

Weidert 87 TBTo

AW-TBT

157

60030

m,2595

578

mat◦ram

otter

Garo

1.7.1.2

Garo

LaPolla 87

RJL-DPTB

154

304184

m,2595

579

mat◦ram

otter

Garo

1.7.1.2

Garo

Benedict 72 STC

STC

108n304

71705

p,2595

579

mat◦ram

otter

Garo

1.7.1.2

Garo

Benedict 72 STC

STC

438

466973

m,2595

1945

mat-ram

otter

Garo (Bangladesh)

1.7.1.2

Garo

Burling 03 Garo

RB-LMMG

4.419-II:idx

79040

2595

161

(C̥-)|rom

otter

*Northern Naga

1.7.2

Northern Naga/Konyakian

French 83

WTF-PNN

530

2309

2595

428

lám

otter

Chang

1.7.2.2

Konyak-Chang

Weidert 87 TBTo

AW-TBT

257012

2595

429

lam

otter

Chang

1.7.2.2

Konyak-Chang

Marrison 67 Naga

GEM-CNL

2310

2595

786

¹yam

otter

Khiamngan

1.7.2.2

Konyak-Chang

Weidert 87 TBTo

AW-TBT

257017

2595

669

saram

otter

Jingpho

1.7.3.1

Jingpho

Marrison 67 Naga

GEM-CNL

32124

2595

676

šərām

otter

Jingpho

1.7.3.1

Jingpho

Matisoff 74 TJLB

JAM-TJLB

143

60028

2595

684

śəram

otter

Jingpho

1.7.3.1

Jingpho

LaPolla 87

RJL-DPTB

154

304182

2595

686

śəram

otter

Jingpho

1.7.3.1

Jingpho

Benedict 72 STC

STC

108n304

71701

2595

685

śəram

otter

Jingpho

1.7.3.1

Jingpho

Benedict 72 STC

STC

438

361524

2595

1814

ʃă³¹|ʒam³³

otter

Jingpho

1.7.3.1

Jingpho

Huang and Dai 92 TBL

TBL

0317.19

186765

2595

690

ʃă³¹|ʒam³³

otter

Jingpho

1.7.3.1

Jingpho

Sun H 91 ZMYY

ZMYYC

133.47

334067

2595

679

ʃă¹|ʒam³³

otter

Jingpho

1.7.3.1

Jingpho

Liu 84

JZ-Jingpo

60038

2595

1087

sam

otter

Tsangla (Motuo)

2.1.2

Bodic

LaPolla 87

RJL-DPTB

154

186746

2595

1088

sam

otter

Tsangla (Motuo)

2.1.2

Bodic

Sun H 91 ZMYY

ZMYYC

133.7

298062

2595

1093

tsɑm⁵⁵

otter

Tshona (Wenlang)

2.1.2

Bodic

Lu 86 CuoM

JZ-CNMenba

60037

2595

1091

tʂam⁵³

otter

Tshona (Mama)

2.1.2

Bodic

LaPolla 87

RJL-DPTB

154

186770

2595

1092

tʂᴀm⁵³

otter

Tshona (Mama)

2.1.2

Bodic

Sun H 91 ZMYY

ZMYYC

133.6

361512

2595

1851

sam

otter

Motuo Menba

2.1.2

Bodic

Huang and Dai 92 TBL

TBL

0317.07

361511

2595

1850

tʂam⁵³

otter

Cuona Menba

2.1.2

Bodic

Huang and Dai 92 TBL

TBL

0317.06

361510

2595

1848

ʂam

otter

Tibetan (Alike)

2.1.2.1

Tibetan

Huang and Dai 92 TBL

TBL

0317.05

186769

2595

1550

ʂam

otter

Tibetan (Amdo:Bla-brang)

2.1.2.1

Tibetan

Sun H 91 ZMYY

ZMYYC

133.4

186745

2595

1585

ʂam

otter

Tibetan (Amdo:Zeku)

2.1.2.1

Tibetan

Sun H 91 ZMYY

ZMYYC

133.5

36518

2595

1584

ʂæm

otter

Tibetan (Amdo:Zeku)

2.1.2.1

Tibetan

Sun J 85 Amdo

JS-Amdo

720

361508

2595

1826

sɑ̃⁵⁵

otter

Tibetan (Batang)

2.1.2.1

Tibetan

Huang and Dai 92 TBL

TBL

0317.03

186744

2595

1380

sɑŋ⁵⁵

otter

Tibetan (Khams:Dege)

2.1.2.1

Tibetan

Sun H 91 ZMYY

ZMYYC

133.3

361507

2595

1815

tʂam⁵⁵

otter

Tibetan (Lhasa)

2.1.2.1

Tibetan

Huang and Dai 92 TBL

TBL

0317.02

186768

2595

1557

tʂam⁵⁵

otter

Tibetan (Lhasa)

2.1.2.1

Tibetan

Sun H 91 ZMYY

ZMYYC

133.2

233186

2166,2595

1567

brɑg-srɑ́m

rock-otter? / sable?

Tibetan (Written)

2.1.2.1

Tibetan

Jäschke 1881

HAJ-TED

233184

m,2595

1567

c̀ʻu-srɑm

otter? / beaver?

Tibetan (Written)

2.1.2.1

Tibetan

Jäschke 1881

HAJ-TED

233185

m,2595

1567

nyɑ́-srɑm

otter / fishes and otters

Tibetan (Written)

2.1.2.1

Tibetan

Jäschke 1881

HAJ-TED

257021

2595

1564

sram

otter

Tibetan (Written)

2.1.2.1

Tibetan

Marrison 67 Naga

GEM-CNL

31162

2595

1572

sram

otter

Tibetan (Written)

2.1.2.1

Tibetan

Matisoff 83 TIL

JAM-TIL

32123

2595

1573

sram

otter

Tibetan (Written)

2.1.2.1

Tibetan

Matisoff 74 TJLB

JAM-TJLB

143

38303

2595

1575

sram

otter

Tibetan (Written)

2.1.2.1

Tibetan

Sun J 85 TbGl

JS-Tib

720

60023

2595

1577

sram

otter

Tibetan (Written)

2.1.2.1

Tibetan

LaPolla 87

RJL-DPTB

154

304181

2595

1578

sram

otter

Tibetan (Written)

2.1.2.1

Tibetan

Benedict 72 STC

STC

108n304

361506

2595

1804

sram

otter

Tibetan (Written)

2.1.2.1

Tibetan

Huang and Dai 92 TBL

TBL

0317.01

186743

2595

1582

sram

otter

Tibetan (Written)

2.1.2.1

Tibetan

Sun H 91 ZMYY

ZMYYC

133.1

233183

2595

1567

srɑm

otter

Tibetan (Written)

2.1.2.1

Tibetan

Jäschke 1881

HAJ-TED

361509

2595

1837

ʂam

otter

Tibetan (Xiahe)

2.1.2.1

Tibetan

Huang and Dai 92 TBL

TBL

0317.04

60025

2595

899

saryom

otter

Lepcha

2.1.3

Lepcha

LaPolla 87

RJL-DPTB

154

71698

2595

900

săryom

otter

Lepcha

2.1.3

Lepcha

Benedict 72 STC

STC

438

361521

m,2595

1811

tʃhə⁵⁵sɑ̃⁵⁵

otter

Guiqiong

3.2

Qiangic

Huang and Dai 92 TBL

TBL

0317.16

361523

2595

1813

ʂe³⁵

otter

Lyuzu

3.2

Qiangic

Huang and Dai 92 TBL

TBL

0317.18

361520

2595

1810

dʑuə̱²⁴

otter

Muya

3.2

Qiangic

Huang and Dai 92 TBL

TBL

0317.15

186749

2595

1136

dʑyɐ̱³⁵

otter

Muya [Minyak]

3.2

Qiangic

Sun H 91 ZMYY

ZMYYC

133.15

361515

2595

1805

ʂẽ⁵⁵

otter

Pumi (Jiulong)

3.2

Qiangic

Huang and Dai 92 TBL

TBL

0317.10

361514

2595

1853

skhɛ̃⁵⁵

otter

Pumi (Lanping)

3.2

Qiangic

Huang and Dai 92 TBL

TBL

0317.09

186748

2595

1306

skhɛ̃⁵⁵

otter

Pumi (Qinghua)

3.2

Qiangic

Sun H 91 ZMYY

ZMYYC

133.11

186772

2595

1309

xĩ⁵⁵

otter

Pumi (Taoba)

3.2

Qiangic

Sun H 91 ZMYY

ZMYYC

133.10

60036

2595

1318

ɣdʐi

otter

Qiang (Mawo)

3.2

Qiangic

LaPolla 87

RJL-DPTB

154

186771

2595

1320

ɣdʐi

otter

Qiang (Mawo)

3.2

Qiangic

Sun H 91 ZMYY

ZMYYC

133.8

361513

2595

1852

ɣdʐəəʴ

otter

Qiang (Mawo)

3.2

Qiangic

Huang and Dai 92 TBL

TBL

0317.08

186775

2595

1699

sõ⁵³

otter

Queyu (Yajiang) [Zhaba]

3.2

Qiangic

Sun H 91 ZMYY

ZMYYC

133.16

361518

2595

1808

ʂsɛ⁵⁵

otter

Queyu (Xinlong)

3.2

Qiangic

Huang and Dai 92 TBL

TBL

0317.13

361522

2595

1812

ʂɛ̃⁵⁵

otter

Xumi

3.2

Qiangic

Huang and Dai 92 TBL

TBL

0317.17

186777

2595

1409

ʂɛ̃⁵⁵

otter

Xumi

3.2

Qiangic

Sun H 91 ZMYY

ZMYYC

133.20

361519

m,2595

1809

tʌ³³ʂi³³

otter

Zhaba (Daofu County)

3.2

Qiangic

Huang and Dai 92 TBL

TBL

0317.14

186774

2595

557

sʐɛm

otter

Ergong (Danba)

3.3

rGyalrongic

Sun H 91 ZMYY

ZMYYC

133.14

361517

2595

1807

ʂsəm

otter

Daofu

3.3

rGyalrongic

Huang and Dai 92 TBL

TBL

0317.12

331459

2595

1797

srɐm

otter

Caodeng

3.3.1

rGyalrong

Sun J 97 Cao

JS-Caodeng

361516

m,2595

1806

tʃhə srɑm

otter

rGyalrong (Maerkang)

3.3.1

rGyalrong

Huang and Dai 92 TBL

TBL

0317.11

186773

m,2595

1340

tʃə ʃram

otter

rGyalrong

3.3.1

rGyalrong

Sun H 91 ZMYY

ZMYYC

133.12

329236

2595

1796

sram

otter

rGyalrong

3.3.1

rGyalrong

Nagano 97 GyQ

Gyarong.Nag

10.5

333340

2595

1799

ʃram

otter

rGBenzhen

3.3.1

rGyalrong

Sun J 97 rGB

JS-rGBenzhe

71700

2595

1205

iəram

otter

Anong

Nungic

Benedict 72 STC

STC

438

60027

2595

1203

səram

otter

Anong

Nungic

LaPolla 87

RJL-DPTB

154

501759

2595

1982

ʃəram³¹

otter

Rawang

Nungic

LaPolla 03

RJL-Rawang

362

186790

2595

537

sɯ³¹|ɹăm⁵³

otter

Trung [Dulong]

Nungic

Sun H 91 ZMYY

ZMYYC

133.46

361525

2595

1816

ɕɯ³¹|ɹɑm⁵³

otter

Dulong

Nungic

Huang and Dai 92 TBL

TBL

0317.20

60021

2595

539

sɯ³¹ |ram⁵³

otter

Trung [Dulong] (Dulonghe)

Nungic

LaPolla 87

RJL-DPTB

154

60022

2595

541

sɯ³¹ |ram⁵³

otter

Trung [Dulong] (Nujiang)

Nungic

LaPolla 87

RJL-DPTB

154

298976

2595

540

sɯ³¹|ɹɑ̆m⁵³

otter

Trung [Dulong] (Nujiang)

Nungic

Sun H 82 Dul

JZ-Dulong

3029

2595

138

sram

otter

*Lolo-Burmese

6.1

Lolo-Burmese

Weidert 87 TBTo

AW-TBT

157

60029

2595

148

sram

otter

*Lolo-Burmese

6.1

Lolo-Burmese

LaPolla 87

RJL-DPTB

154

71702

2595

149

sram

otter

*Lolo-Burmese

6.1

Lolo-Burmese

Benedict 72 STC

STC

438

515874

2595

2011

sram¹

otter

*Lolo-Burmese

6.1

Lolo-Burmese

Matisoff 03 HPTB

JAM-HPTB

613

60034

2595

206

sam⁵⁵

otter

Achang (Longchuan)

6.1.1

Burmish

LaPolla 87

RJL-DPTB

154

361533

2595

1824

sam⁵⁵

otter

Achang (Longchuan)

6.1.1

Burmish

Huang and Dai 92 TBL

TBL

0317.28

186762

2595

200

sam⁵⁵

otter

Achang (Longchuan)

6.1.1

Burmish

Sun H 91 ZMYY

ZMYYC

133.41

60035

2595

208

źam³⁵

otter

Achang (Luxi)

6.1.1

Burmish

LaPolla 87

RJL-DPTB

154

286899

2595

207

ʑam³⁵

otter

Achang (Luxi)

6.1.1

Burmish

Dai 85 AcJZ

JZ-Achang

361537

2595

1829

xɛ̃⁵⁵

otter

Bola (Luxi)

6.1.1

Burmish

Huang and Dai 92 TBL

TBL

0317.32

234114

2595

653

ʃɛ́

otter

Hpun (Northern)

6.1.1

Burmish

Henderson 86 Hpun

EJAH-Hpun

361536

2595

1828

xɛ̃ ³¹

otter

Langsu (Luxi)

6.1.1

Burmish

Huang and Dai 92 TBL

TBL

0317.31

361538

2595

1830

ʃa̱m³³

otter

Leqi (Luxi)

6.1.1

Burmish

Huang and Dai 92 TBL

TBL

0317.33

186763

2595

1034

xɛ̃³¹

otter

Maru [Langsu]

6.1.1

Burmish

Sun H 91 ZMYY

ZMYYC

133.43

71703

2595

1032

χrɛn

otter

Maru [Langsu]

6.1.1

Burmish

Benedict 72 STC

STC

438

60033

2595

1690

xam⁵¹

otter

Atsi [Zaiwa]

6.1.1

Burmish

LaPolla 87

RJL-DPTB

154

361535

2595

1827

xam⁵¹

otter

Atsi [Zaiwa]

6.1.1

Burmish

Huang and Dai 92 TBL

TBL

0317.30

186788

2595

1693

xam⁵¹

otter

Atsi [Zaiwa]

6.1.1

Burmish

Sun H 91 ZMYY

ZMYYC

133.42

3032

2595,2595

151

ʃ-|/ʔp-|yam¹

otter

*Loloish

6.1.2

Loloish

Weidert 87 TBTo

AW-TBT

157

11483

2595,2595

152

ʃ-|/ʔp-|yam¹

otter

*Loloish

6.1.2

Loloish

Bradley 79 PLo

DB-PLolo

133728

2595,2595

153

ʃ-|/ʔp|-yam¹

otter

*Loloish

6.1.2

Loloish

Hansson 89 AHKP

ILH-PL

395

334970

2595

1219

kɹɔ̱³¹

otter

Nusu (Northern)

6.1.2.1

Northern Loloish

Sun J 86 Nusu

JZ-Nusu

335874

2595

1220

xɹɛ³⁵

otter

Nusu (Southern)

6.1.2.1

Northern Loloish

Sun J 86 Nusu

JZ-Nusu

186764

2595

1215

xɹɑ³⁵

otter

Nusu (Bijiang)

6.1.2.1

Northern Loloish

Sun H 91 ZMYY

ZMYYC

133.45

361539

1455,2595

1831

ŋa⁵⁵dza⁵⁵

otter

Nusu (Central)

6.1.2.1

Northern Loloish

Huang and Dai 92 TBL

TBL

0317.34

186778

1013,2595

1658

ʑi²¹sɿ³³

otter

Yi (Dafang)

6.1.2.1

Northern Loloish

Sun H 91 ZMYY

ZMYYC

133.22

463736

2595,m

1962

ʂo³⁴nʥɿ³³

skin, otter

Yi (Liangshan)

6.1.2.1

Northern Loloish

Ma 08 Yi

SIL-Nuosu

index

463737

2595,m

1962

ʂo³⁴zɯ³³

otter

Yi (Liangshan)

6.1.2.1

Northern Loloish

Ma 08 Yi

SIL-Nuosu

index

186780

1013,2595

1663

ʑi²¹ɕe⁵⁵

otter

Yi (Mojiang)

6.1.2.1

Northern Loloish

Sun H 91 ZMYY

ZMYYC

133.26

186779

1013,2595

1664

ʑi³³ʂi³³

otter

Yi (Nanhua)

6.1.2.1

Northern Loloish

Sun H 91 ZMYY

ZMYYC

133.24

361542

1013,2595

1834

ʑi³³ʂə̱³³

otter

Yi (Nanhua)

6.1.2.1

Northern Loloish

Huang and Dai 92 TBL

TBL

0317.37

361543

1013,2595

1835

ji¹¹se³³

otter

Yi (Wuding)

6.1.2.1

Northern Loloish

Huang and Dai 92 TBL

TBL

0317.38

361540

2595

1832

ʂo³³

otter

Yi (Xide)

6.1.2.1

Northern Loloish

Huang and Dai 92 TBL

TBL

0317.35

186752

2595

1670

ʂo³³

otter

Yi (Xide)

6.1.2.1

Northern Loloish

Sun H 91 ZMYY

ZMYYC

133.21

361549

2595,m,m

1842

ʃɛ⁴⁴a⁴⁴mɔ⁴⁴

otter

Jinuo

6.1.2.2

Central Loloish

Huang and Dai 92 TBL

TBL

0317.44

186784

2595

696

ɕɛ⁴²

otter

Jinuo

6.1.2.2

Central Loloish

Sun H 91 ZMYY

ZMYYC

133.34

300810

2595,m,m

700

ɕɛ⁴²ɑ⁴⁴mɔ⁴⁴

otter

Jinuo (Youle)

6.1.2.2

Central Loloish

Gai 86

JZ-Jinuo

304221

2595

844

šo

otter

Lahu

6.1.2.2

Central Loloish

Benedict 72 STC

STC

108n304

32126

1013,2595,m

838

g̈ɨ̀-šo-lo

otter

Lahu (Black)

6.1.2.2

Central Loloish

Matisoff 74 TJLB

JAM-TJLB

143

361544

1013,2595

1836

z̊³³ʂɤ⁴⁴

otter

Yi (Sani)

6.1.2.2

Central Loloish

Huang and Dai 92 TBL

TBL

0317.39

133730

2595

228

sjhḿ

otter

Akha

6.1.2.3

Southern Loloish

Hansson 89 AHKP

ILH-PL

395

136933

1013,2595,1013,2595

244

ý sjhḿ/ ý shḿ

otter

Akha (Yunnan)

6.1.2.3

Southern Loloish

Hansson 89 AHKP

ILH-PL

395

136932

1013,2595

243

ý-sjhḿ

otter

Akha (Thai)

6.1.2.3

Southern Loloish

Hansson 89 AHKP

ILH-PL

395

142084

191,2595

346

láŋ◦ʃám

otter

Bisu

6.1.2.3

Southern Loloish

Bradley 9x Bisu

DB-Bisu

186757

1013,2595

510

ɯ⁵⁵sɔ⁵⁵

otter

Hani (Dazhai)

6.1.2.3

Southern Loloish

Sun H 91 ZMYY

ZMYYC

133.31

361546

1013,2595

1839

ɯ⁵⁵sɔ⁵⁵

otter

Hani (Lüchun)

6.1.2.3

Southern Loloish

Huang and Dai 92 TBL

TBL

0317.41

133732

2595

1299

sjhí

otter

Hani (Pijo)

6.1.2.3

Southern Loloish

Hansson 89 AHKP

ILH-PL

395

136937

1013,2595

1299

ɣý sjhí

otter

Hani (Pijo)

6.1.2.3

Southern Loloish

Hansson 89 AHKP

ILH-PL

395

186782

1013,2595

418

ɤ⁵⁵se⁵⁵

otter

Hani (Caiyuan)

6.1.2.3

Southern Loloish

Sun H 91 ZMYY

ZMYYC

133.30

299943

1013,2595

630

ɯ⁵⁵ɕm̩⁵⁵

otter

Hani (Gelanghe)

6.1.2.3

Southern Loloish

Li Yongsui 86 Hani

JZ-Hani

136934

1013,2595

635

eel◦saol

otter

Hani (Wordlist)

6.1.2.3

Southern Loloish

Hansson 89 AHKP

ILH-PL

395

186783

1013,2595

1416

ɣɯ⁵⁵ʃu⁵⁵

otter

Hani (Shuikui)

6.1.2.3

Southern Loloish

Sun H 91 ZMYY

ZMYYC

133.32

136936

2595,m

784

pjá tɔ̃

otter

Hani (Khatu)

6.1.2.3

Southern Loloish

Hansson 89 AHKP

ILH-PL

395

361547

1013,2595

1840

ɯ⁵⁵ʃu⁵⁵

otter

Hani (Mojiang)

6.1.2.3

Southern Loloish

Huang and Dai 92 TBL

TBL

0317.42

71704

2595

1291

sam

otter

Côông [Phunoi]

6.1.2.3

Southern Loloish

Benedict 72 STC

STC

438

517619

2595

1999

ʂɹ˧

otter

Laze (Xiangjiao)

6.2

Naxi

Michaud 06 NaLaze

AM-NaLaze1

3875

186756

2595

1676

ʂua³³

otter

Naxi (Yongning)

6.2

Naxi

Sun H 91 ZMYY

ZMYYC

133.29

361550

2595

1843

ʂu²¹

otter

Naxi

6.2

Naxi

Huang and Dai 92 TBL

TBL

0317.45

186781

2595

908

ʂu³¹

otter

Naxi (Lijiang)

6.2

Naxi

Sun H 91 ZMYY

ZMYYC

133.28

#2595 PTB *sram OTTER

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