STEDT Etymon #2228
7.0 Adjectival Verbs > 7.1 Adjectives and attributives > 7.1.8 Evaluatives (but see also 7.1.3, 7.1.5, 9.6) > 7.1.8.3 Neutral term
#2228 PTB *r-ga OLD |
This root, most abundantly attested in Himalayish, appears with all three dental suffixes, ‑n, ‑t, and ‑s. Some Bodo-Garo forms seem to show metathesis of the prefix and the root initial.
| rn | analysis | lgid | reflex | gloss | gfn | language | grpid | grpno | grp | genetic | citation | srcabbr | srcid | rn |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 72395 | 2228 | 182 | r-ga| | old | *Tibeto-Burman | 2 | 0.1 | Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions) | 0 | Benedict 72 STC | STC | 445 | 0 | |
| 514960 | 2228 | 2012 | r-|ga | old | *Tibeto-Burman | 2 | 0.1 | Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions) | 0 | Matisoff 03 HPTB | JAM-HPTB | 589 | 0 | |
| 246162 | p,2228 | 1196 | ka◦gha | old (of things) | Ntenyi | 65 | 1.3.2 | Angami-Pochuri Group | 1 | Marrison 67 Naga | GEM-CNL | 0 | ||
| 246168 | p,2228 | 1382 | a◦kha | old (of things) | Sema [Sumi] | 65 | 1.3.2 | Angami-Pochuri Group | 1 | Marrison 67 Naga | GEM-CNL | 0 | ||
| 254706 | 2228?,m | 531 | gara◦ju | old woman | Dimasa | 80 | 1.7.1.1 | Bodo | 1 | Marrison 67 Naga | GEM-CNL | 0 | ||
| 254688 | 2228?,m | 531 | gara◦sa | old man | Dimasa | 80 | 1.7.1.1 | Bodo | 1 | Marrison 67 Naga | GEM-CNL | 0 | ||
| 246210 | 2228,m | 531 | rakha◦ba | old (of persons) | Dimasa | 80 | 1.7.1.1 | Bodo | 1 | Marrison 67 Naga | GEM-CNL | 0 | ||
| 294227 | 2228? | 514 | gira | old (of people) | Deori/Deuri | 83 | 1.7.1.4 | Deori | 1 | Brown 95 | WBB-Deuri | 71 | 0 | |
| 503485 | 2228?,m | 1987 | gira-(si) | adult person, old people | Deori/Deuri | 83 | 1.7.1.4 | Deori | 1 | Jacquesson 05 Deuri | FJ-LD | 0 | ||
| 246160 | p,2228 | 1188 | te◦ka | old (of things) | Nocte | 84 | 1.7.2.1 | Tangsa-Nocte | 1 | Marrison 67 Naga | GEM-CNL | 0 | ||
| 71759 | 2228 | 685 | ləga | old | Jingpho | 37 | 1.7.3.1 | Jingpho | 1 | Benedict 72 STC | STC | 445 | 0 | |
| 296760 | 2228,s | 1085 | kat¹³pu⁵⁵ | old person (male) | Tsangla (Motuo) | 22 | 2.1.2 | Bodic | 1 | Zhang Jichuan 86 | JZ-CLMenba | 0 | ||
| 297301 | 2228,s | 1085 | kat¹³pu⁵⁵ | old | Tsangla (Motuo) | 22 | 2.1.2 | Bodic | 1 | Zhang Jichuan 86 | JZ-CLMenba | 0 | ||
| 194855 | m,2228,s | 1088 | meme gat◦pu | old man (colloq) | Tsangla (Motuo) | 22 | 2.1.2 | Bodic | 1 | Sun H 91 ZMYY | ZMYYC | 292.7 | 0 | |
| 297546 | 2228,s | 1089 | gan-mu | old person (female) | Tsangla (Tilang) | 22 | 2.1.2 | Bodic | 1 | Zhang Jichuan 86 | JZ-CLMenba | 0 | ||
| 297545 | 2228,s | 1089 | gat-pu | old person (male) | Tsangla (Tilang) | 22 | 2.1.2 | Bodic | 1 | Zhang Jichuan 86 | JZ-CLMenba | 0 | ||
| 297864 | 2228,s | 1089 | gat-pu | old | Tsangla (Tilang) | 22 | 2.1.2 | Bodic | 1 | Zhang Jichuan 86 | JZ-CLMenba | 0 | ||
| 298698 | 2228,s | 1093 | ge³⁵pu⁵⁵ | old (people) | Tshona (Wenlang) | 22 | 2.1.2 | Bodic | 1 | Lu 86 CuoM | JZ-CNMenba | 0 | ||
| 298149 | 2228,s | 1093 | gɑt³⁵pu⁵⁵ | old person | Tshona (Wenlang) | 22 | 2.1.2 | Bodic | 1 | Lu 86 CuoM | JZ-CNMenba | 0 | ||
| 194879 | 2228,s | 1092 | kᴀt¹³po⁵³ | old person | Tshona (Mama) | 22 | 2.1.2 | Bodic | 1 | Sun H 91 ZMYY | ZMYYC | 292.6 | 0 | |
| 399439 | 2228,s | 1851 | gat bu | old / elderly | Motuo Menba | 22 | 2.1.2 | Bodic | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 1058.07 | 0 | |
| 353831 | 2228,s | 1851 | gat pu | old man | n | Motuo Menba | 22 | 2.1.2 | Bodic | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 0171.07 | 0 |
| 353838 | 2228,s | 1850 | kat³⁵mo⁵³ | old lady | n | Cuona Menba | 22 | 2.1.2 | Bodic | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 0172.06 | 0 |
| 353786 | 2228,s | 1850 | kat³⁵po⁵³ | old man | n | Cuona Menba | 22 | 2.1.2 | Bodic | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 0171.06 | 0 |
| 419106 | 2228,m | 1850 | kat³⁵ta³¹ | old, be | v. | Cuona Menba | 22 | 2.1.2 | Bodic | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 1493.06 | 0 |
| 399438 | 2228,m | 1850 | kat³⁵to⁵³ | old / elderly | Cuona Menba | 22 | 2.1.2 | Bodic | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 1058.06 | 0 | |
| 353785 | 2228,s | 1848 | rgat po | old man | n | Tibetan (Alike) | 24 | 2.1.2.1 | Tibetan | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 0171.05 | 0 |
| 399437 | 2228 | 1848 | rgi | old / elderly | Tibetan (Alike) | 24 | 2.1.2.1 | Tibetan | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 1058.05 | 0 | |
| 419105 | 2228 | 1848 | rgi | old, be | v. | Tibetan (Alike) | 24 | 2.1.2.1 | Tibetan | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 1493.05 | 0 |
| 194878 | 2228,s | 1550 | hga po | old person | Tibetan (Amdo:Bla-brang) | 24 | 2.1.2.1 | Tibetan | 1 | Sun H 91 ZMYY | ZMYYC | 292.4 | 0 | |
| 223693 | 2228,s | 1550 | hga◦n | old (of people) | Tibetan (Amdo:Bla-brang) | 24 | 2.1.2.1 | Tibetan | 1 | Sun H 91 ZMYY | ZMYYC | 857.4 | 0 | |
| 224203 | 2228,s,s | 1550 | hȵa◦ŋ wa | old (things) | Tibetan (Amdo:Bla-brang) | 24 | 2.1.2.1 | Tibetan | 1 | Sun H 91 ZMYY | ZMYYC | 867.4 | 0 | |
| 36512 | 2228,s | 1584 | ged-po | old person | Tibetan (Amdo:Zeku) | 24 | 2.1.2.1 | Tibetan | 1 | Sun J 85 Amdo | JS-Amdo | 714 | 0 | |
| 194854 | 2228,s | 1585 | rga pə | old person | Tibetan (Amdo:Zeku) | 24 | 2.1.2.1 | Tibetan | 1 | Sun H 91 ZMYY | ZMYYC | 292.5 | 0 | |
| 223669 | 2228 | 1585 | rgi | old (of people) | Tibetan (Amdo:Zeku) | 24 | 2.1.2.1 | Tibetan | 1 | Sun H 91 ZMYY | ZMYYC | 857.5 | 0 | |
| 419103 | 2228 | 1826 | gɛ⁵⁵ | old, be | v. | Tibetan (Batang) | 24 | 2.1.2.1 | Tibetan | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 1493.03 | 0 |
| 399435 | 2228,s | 1826 | gɛ⁵⁵po⁵³ | old / elderly | Tibetan (Batang) | 24 | 2.1.2.1 | Tibetan | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 1058.03 | 0 | |
| 353783 | m,2228 | 1826 | mɪ⁵³gẽ⁵⁵ | old man | n | Tibetan (Batang) | 24 | 2.1.2.1 | Tibetan | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 0171.03 | 0 |
| 353835 | m,2228,s | 1826 | ʔai⁵⁵gẽ⁵mo⁵³ | old lady | n | Tibetan (Batang) | 24 | 2.1.2.1 | Tibetan | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 0172.03 | 0 |
| 223668 | 2228,s | 1380 | gɛ¹³bo⁵³ | old (of people) | Tibetan (Khams:Dege) | 24 | 2.1.2.1 | Tibetan | 1 | Sun H 91 ZMYY | ZMYYC | 857.3 | 0 | |
| 194853 | m,2228 | 1380 | ȵi⁵³gen⁵³ | old person | Tibetan (Khams:Dege) | 24 | 2.1.2.1 | Tibetan | 1 | Sun H 91 ZMYY | ZMYYC | 292.3 | 0 | |
| 223692 | 2228,s | 1557 | ka¹³pu⁵³ | old (of people) | Tibetan (Lhasa) | 24 | 2.1.2.1 | Tibetan | 1 | Sun H 91 ZMYY | ZMYYC | 857.2 | 0 | |
| 353834 | 2228,s | 1815 | kə¹³mu⁵⁵ | old lady | n | Tibetan (Lhasa) | 24 | 2.1.2.1 | Tibetan | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 0172.02 | 0 |
| 353782 | 2228,s | 1815 | kə¹³pu⁵⁵ | old man | n | Tibetan (Lhasa) | 24 | 2.1.2.1 | Tibetan | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 0171.02 | 0 |
| 419102 | 2228 | 1815 | kɛ¹³² | old, be | v. | Tibetan (Lhasa) | 24 | 2.1.2.1 | Tibetan | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 1493.02 | 0 |
| 399434 | 2228,s | 1815 | kɛ̃¹³pa⁵⁵ | old / elderly | Tibetan (Lhasa) | 24 | 2.1.2.1 | Tibetan | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 1058.02 | 0 | |
| 194877 | 2228,m | 1557 | kɛ̃¹⁵khoʔ⁵³ | old person | Tibetan (Lhasa) | 24 | 2.1.2.1 | Tibetan | 1 | Sun H 91 ZMYY | ZMYYC | 292.2 | 0 | |
| 232764 | 1764,2228,s | 1567 | kʻyi-rgɑ́◦n | dog (old) | Tibetan (Written) | 24 | 2.1.2.1 | Tibetan | 1 | Jäschke 1881 | HAJ-TED | 0 | ||
| 419101 | 2228 | 1804 | rga | old, be | v. | Tibetan (Written) | 24 | 2.1.2.1 | Tibetan | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 1493.01 | 0 |
| 71758 | 2228,s | 1578 | rga-ba | old | Tibetan (Written) | 24 | 2.1.2.1 | Tibetan | 1 | Benedict 72 STC | STC | 445 | 0 | |
| 223667 | 2228,s | 1582 | rgad po | old (of people) | Tibetan (Written) | 24 | 2.1.2.1 | Tibetan | 1 | Sun H 91 ZMYY | ZMYYC | 857.1 | 0 | |
| 38296 | 2228,s | 1575 | rgad.po | old person | Tibetan (Written) | 24 | 2.1.2.1 | Tibetan | 1 | Sun J 85 TbGl | JS-Tib | 714 | 0 | |
| 254709 | 2228,1620 | 1564 | rgad◦mo | old woman | Tibetan (Written) | 24 | 2.1.2.1 | Tibetan | 1 | Marrison 67 Naga | GEM-CNL | 0 | ||
| 246216 | 2228,s | 1564 | rgad◦pa | old (of persons) | Tibetan (Written) | 24 | 2.1.2.1 | Tibetan | 1 | Marrison 67 Naga | GEM-CNL | 0 | ||
| 254692 | 2228,s | 1564 | rgad◦po | old man | Tibetan (Written) | 24 | 2.1.2.1 | Tibetan | 1 | Marrison 67 Naga | GEM-CNL | 0 | ||
| 353833 | 2228,s | 1804 | rgan mo | old lady | n | Tibetan (Written) | 24 | 2.1.2.1 | Tibetan | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 0172.01 | 0 |
| 353781 | 2228,s | 1804 | rgan po | old man | n | Tibetan (Written) | 24 | 2.1.2.1 | Tibetan | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 0171.01 | 0 |
| 194852 | 2228,m | 1582 | rgan ɦkhog | old person | Tibetan (Written) | 24 | 2.1.2.1 | Tibetan | 1 | Sun H 91 ZMYY | ZMYYC | 292.1 | 0 | |
| 399433 | 2228,s | 1804 | rgas po | old / elderly | Tibetan (Written) | 24 | 2.1.2.1 | Tibetan | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 1058.01 | 0 | |
| 37746 | 2228,m | 1575 | rgas.gnher | wrinkle (of old age) | Tibetan (Written) | 24 | 2.1.2.1 | Tibetan | 1 | Sun J 85 TbGl | JS-Tib | 164 | 0 | |
| 353784 | 2228,s | 1837 | ga po | old man | n | Tibetan (Xiahe) | 24 | 2.1.2.1 | Tibetan | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 0171.04 | 0 |
| 353836 | 2228,s | 1837 | gan mo | old lady | n | Tibetan (Xiahe) | 24 | 2.1.2.1 | Tibetan | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 0172.04 | 0 |
| 419104 | 2228 | 1837 | ge | old, be | v. | Tibetan (Xiahe) | 24 | 2.1.2.1 | Tibetan | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 1493.04 | 0 |
| 504737 | 2228 | 1988 | gán | old, aged | adj. | Lepcha | 21 | 2.1.3 | Lepcha | 1 | Plaisier 07 Lepcha | HP-GL | 0 | |
| 504738 | 2228,m | 1988 | gán◦lât | oldness, old age | n. | Lepcha | 21 | 2.1.3 | Lepcha | 1 | Plaisier 07 Lepcha | HP-GL | 0 | |
| 353848 | 2228,s | 1811 | ge³⁵mu⁵⁵ | old lady | n | Guiqiong | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 0172.16 | 0 |
| 353796 | 2228,s | 1811 | ge³⁵pu⁵⁵ | old man | n | Guiqiong | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 0171.16 | 0 |
| 223674 | 2228,s | 595 | gie³⁵pu³³ | old (of people) | Guiqiong | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Sun H 91 ZMYY | ZMYYC | 857.17 | 0 | |
| 194859 | 2228,s | 595 | gie⁵⁵pu⁵³ | old man | Guiqiong | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Sun H 91 ZMYY | ZMYYC | 292.17 | 0 | |
| 224185 | 2228? | 1147 | gɛ³⁵ | old (things) | Namuyi | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Sun H 91 ZMYY | ZMYYC | 867.19 | 0 | |
| 399103 | 2228? | 1844 | gæ³⁵ | used / old | Namuyi | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 1051.46 | 0 | |
| 353790 | m,2228 | 1805 | mĩ³⁵gẽ³⁵ | old man | n | Pumi (Jiulong) | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 0171.10 | 0 |
| 353789 | m,2228 | 1853 | mi¹³zgiɛ̃⁵⁵ | old man | n | Pumi (Lanping) | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 0171.09 | 0 |
| 194857 | 1002,2228 | 1306 | mi¹³sgiɛ̃⁵⁵ | old person | Pumi (Qinghua) | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Sun H 91 ZMYY | ZMYYC | 292.11 | 0 | |
| 399444 | m,2228 | 1808 | ga¹³rge⁵⁵ | old / elderly | Queyu (Xinlong) | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 1058.13 | 0 | |
| 194884 | 2228,m | 1699 | ge³⁵te⁵⁵ | old person | Queyu (Yajiang) [Zhaba] | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Sun H 91 ZMYY | ZMYYC | 292.16 | 0 | |
| 223699 | 2228,m,m | 1699 | gə⁵⁵ti⁵³ɕe³³ | old (of people) | Queyu (Yajiang) [Zhaba] | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Sun H 91 ZMYY | ZMYYC | 857.16 | 0 | |
| 353845 | m,2228 | 1808 | ma¹³rge⁵⁵ | old lady | n | Queyu (Xinlong) | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 0172.13 | 0 |
| 353793 | 2228,s | 1808 | rgə¹³phu⁵⁵ | old man | n | Queyu (Xinlong) | 34 | 3.2 | Qiangic | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 0171.13 | 0 |
| 399443 | 2228,m | 1807 | gə dar | old / elderly | Daofu | 35 | 3.3 | rGyalrongic | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 1058.12 | 0 | |
| 419112 | 2228,m | 1807 | gə dar | old, be | v. | Daofu | 35 | 3.3 | rGyalrongic | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 1493.12 | 0 |
| 194883 | 2228,m | 557 | gɛ dɛʴ | old person | Ergong (Danba) | 35 | 3.3 | rGyalrongic | 1 | Sun H 91 ZMYY | ZMYYC | 292.14 | 0 | |
| 331430 | p,2228 | 1797 | kə-rgɐʔs | old (age) | Caodeng | 78 | 3.3.1 | rGyalrong | 1 | Sun J 97 Cao | JS-Caodeng | 0 | ||
| 571216 | 2228,m | 2173 | rga22 rgon33 | old person | rGyalrong (Maerkang Caodeng (B)) | 78 | 3.3.1 | rGyalrong | 1 | Nagano 2013 rGyDB | YN-RGLD | 0729 | 0 | |
| 331433 | 2228,s | 1797 | rgɐn◦mu | old woman | Caodeng | 78 | 3.3.1 | rGyalrong | 1 | Sun J 97 Cao | JS-Caodeng | 0 | ||
| 331432 | 2228,s | 1797 | rgɐt◦po | old man | Caodeng | 78 | 3.3.1 | rGyalrong | 1 | Sun J 97 Cao | JS-Caodeng | 0 | ||
| 456834 | b,2228 | 1966 | lao1ga1 | old | vi. | Tujia (Northern) | 41 | 5 | Tujia | 1 | Brassett 04 Tujia | PCB-Tujia | 0 | |
| 454815 | b,2228 | 1967 | lao¹ga¹ | old | be v. | Tujia (Northern) | 41 | 5 | Tujia | 1 | Brassett 06 Tujia | BBL-TL | 6.2 | 0 |
| 289256 | b,2228 | 1616 | lau⁵⁵ka⁵⁵ | old (of people) | Tujia (Northern) | 41 | 5 | Tujia | 1 | Tian 86 | JZ-Tujia | 0 | ||
| 289257 | b,2228 | 1616 | lau⁵⁵ka⁵⁵ | tough / old (of plants) | Tujia (Northern) | 41 | 5 | Tujia | 1 | Tian 86 | JZ-Tujia | 0 | ||
| 353829 | b,2228,m | 1847 | lau⁵⁵ka⁵⁵tie⁵⁵ | old man | n | Tujia | 41 | 5 | Tujia | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 0171.49 | 0 |
| 194895 | b,2228,m | 1615 | lau⁵⁵ka⁵⁵tie⁵⁵ | old person | Tujia | 41 | 5 | Tujia | 1 | Sun H 91 ZMYY | ZMYYC | 292.38 | 0 | |
| 353876 | p,2559,m,2228 | 1842 | a⁴⁴phi⁴⁴jo⁴²kha⁴² | old lady | n | Jinuo | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 0172.44 | 0 |
| 300931 | m,2228 | 700 | jo⁴²khɑ⁴² | old person | Jinuo (Youle) | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Gai 86 | JZ-Jinuo | 0 | ||
| 419144 | 2228 | 1842 | kha⁴² | old, be | v. | Jinuo | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 1493.44 | 0 |
| 301507 | 2228 | 700 | khɑ⁴² | old (people) | Jinuo (Youle) | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Gai 86 | JZ-Jinuo | 0 | ||
| 301508 | 2228 | 700 | khɑ⁴² | old (food) | Jinuo (Youle) | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Gai 86 | JZ-Jinuo | 0 |
古 OC *ko, GSR #49a-e ‘old’; Schuessler 2007:259 *kâʔ; B & S 2011: *kˁa; Mand. gǔ.
故 OC *ko, GSR #49i ‘old (not new)’; Schuessler 2007:259,263 *kâh; B & S 2011: *kˁaʔ‑s; Mand. gù.