1.0 The Body > 1.4 Torso > 1.4.8 Back

#203 PTB *s-nu(ŋ/k) BACK / BEHIND / AFTER

Reconstructed mesoroots below:
rnanalysislgidreflexglossgfnlanguagegrpidgrpnogrpgeneticcitationsrcabbrsrcidrn
7620203175s-nuŋ|back*Tibeto-Burman20.1Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)0Weidert 87 TBToAW-TBT2360
78932203185s-nuŋ|back / after*Tibeto-Burman20.1Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)0French 83WTF-PNN5110
168578203182s-|nuŋafter, backvs.*Tibeto-Burman20.1Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)0Benedict 72 STCSTC3540
515571203,2032012s-|nuŋ ⪤ s-|nukback / behind / after*Tibeto-Burman20.1Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)0Matisoff 03 HPTBJAM-HPTB6050
22680203,m1053nɯn-tʰlenback (body)Miji31NE Indian Areal Group0Simon 79 MijiIMS-Miji0
189037p,203,2191431a³³ȵuk³³kuaŋ³³tailSulung [Puroik]41.1“North Assam”0Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC177.520
261203,m1070ɲuk-pimback sideMilang741.1.1.2Eastern Tani1Tayeng 76 MilAT-MPB0
500833203,2031920nuŋ ⪤ hnuŋBACK / BEHIND / LATER*Chin81.2Kuki-Chin1VanBik 09 PKCKVB-PKC8020
4455102031927nungbehindSizang681.2.1.1Northern Chin1VanBik 09 PKCKVB-PKC8020
447383203,2081927nūng zāngspineSizang681.2.1.1Northern Chin1VanBik 09 PKCKVB-PKC11860
4455092031926núngback, behind, afterThado681.2.1.1Northern Chin1VanBik 09 PKCKVB-PKC8020
1144742031593-nuŋbackTiddim681.2.1.1Northern Chin1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
4455082031925nung²back (of the body)Tiddim681.2.1.1Northern Chin1VanBik 09 PKCKVB-PKC8020
3147752031778nung²back (of the body)Tiddim681.2.1.1Northern Chin1Bhaskararao 96 CDBPB-CLDB12650
39782031589núŋbackTiddim681.2.1.1Northern Chin1Weidert 87 TBToAW-TBT2360
445506m,2031947hma-nùŋlater, afterLai (Hakha)701.2.2Central Chin1VanBik 09 PKCKVB-PKC8020
165053203976hnungback (body)Lushai [Mizo]701.2.2Central Chin1Marrison 67 NagaGEM-CNL0
114471203978hnungbackLushai [Mizo]701.2.2Central Chin1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
4455072031924hnúngback, the rearnLushai [Mizo]701.2.2Central Chin1VanBik 09 PKCKVB-PKC8020
114473203,208978hnung-zângbackLushai [Mizo]701.2.2Central Chin1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
3976203975hnúŋbackLushai [Mizo]701.2.2Central Chin1Weidert 87 TBToAW-TBT2360
71169203984hnuŋbackLushai [Mizo]701.2.2Central Chin1Benedict 72 STCSTC3540
71170203984hnuŋ-aafter, behindLushai [Mizo]701.2.2Central Chin1Benedict 72 STCSTC3540
118783203,m871hnô-khinapeLakher [Mara]711.2.3Maraic1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
118782203,m871hno-khinapeLakher [Mara]711.2.3Maraic1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
114469203,m871hno-labackLakher [Mara]711.2.3Maraic1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
3977203870¹hnoubackLakher [Mara]711.2.3Maraic1Weidert 87 TBToAW-TBT2360
131443203,m805nuŋ◦te̊ŋbackKom Rem721.2.4“Old Kuki”0Toba 91 KRQT-KomRQ1.40
1501883322,2031112tùk◦núŋbackMoyon721.2.4“Old Kuki”0Kosha 90DK-Moyon1.40
114475m,m,203,m1472ā◦kha◦nuk◦shoŋrearTangkhul661.3.4Tangkhulic1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
116570p,385,388,1224,p,2031064a◦phu◦bong◦kok a◦nungback of headMikir [Karbi]141.5Mikir [Karbi]1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
1650552031062nungback (body)Mikir [Karbi]141.5Mikir [Karbi]1Marrison 67 NagaGEM-CNL0
39792031060nùŋbackMikir [Karbi]141.5Mikir [Karbi]1Weidert 87 TBToAW-TBT2360
47076770,821,p,2031063rí-pák a-nùngback of handMikir [Karbi]141.5Mikir [Karbi]1Grüssner 79 BPKHG-MikirQ1950
113813p,2031064ə◦nuŋbackMikir [Karbi]141.5Mikir [Karbi]1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
71171p,2031068ə◦nuŋbackMikir [Karbi]141.5Mikir [Karbi]1Benedict 72 STCSTC3540
180461361,203731pi◦ṣṭiṅbackKanauri202.1.1Western Himalayish0Sharma, D.D. 88 KnDS-Kan0
3384861361,2031788pi◦s̱ẖṭiṅbacknKanauri202.1.1Western Himalayish0Bailey 11BAI1911 1
1144571361,203732pi◦s̱ẖṭiṅbackKanauri202.1.1Western Himalayish0Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
1188653326,m,203732pön◦tsĕ◦niṅtailKanauri202.1.1Western Himalayish0Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
114458203,s724nhing◦abackKaike222.1.2Bodic1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
114249203,s,m724nhing◦ā◦nāthyāngābackbone / spineKaike222.1.2Bodic1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
266810203,s,m,m721nhing◦ā◦na◦chanbackadjKaike222.1.2Bodic1Hale 73 CSDAH-CSDPN12c.170
1321132031493no²backTangut [Xixia]333.1Tangut1Sofronov 97MVS-Grin0
1826201,2031147gu⁵⁵nu⁵⁵back (direction)Namuyi343.2Qiangic1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC52.190
2305601,2031147gu⁵⁵nu⁵⁵later (in time)Namuyi343.2Qiangic1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC992.190
3817311,2031844gu⁵⁵nu⁵⁵backn/advNamuyi343.2Qiangic1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0713.460
13511213,203,m559dʑɑu ȵo cebackErgong (Daofu)353.3rGyalrongic1Dai 89 DaofDQ-Daofu1.40
129596211,203558qo mȵobackErgong (Danba)353.3rGyalrongic1Sun H 91 ErDQSHK-ErgDQ5.50
193149211,203557qo mȵoback (of body)Ergong (Danba)353.3rGyalrongic1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC258.140
182643203557ȵoback (direction)Ergong (Danba)353.3rGyalrongic1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC52.140
182655m,2031615tha⁵⁵ȵie⁵⁵back (direction)Tujia415Tujia1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC52.380
127143m,2031611tʰa⁵⁵ ne⁵⁵backTujia415Tujia1Chen 86 TuBQCK-TujBQ1.40
43345m,2031616tʰa⁵⁵ ne⁵⁵back (side)Tujia (Northern)415Tujia1Tian 86JZ-Tujia0
167922203146nokback / behind / after*Lolo-Burmese426.1Lolo-Burmese1Matisoff 72 LTSRJAM-TSR155(a)0
5155652032011ʔ-|nukᴸback*Lolo-Burmese426.1Lolo-Burmese1Matisoff 03 HPTBJAM-HPTB6050
167923203146ʔnokback / behind / after*Lolo-Burmese426.1Lolo-Burmese1Matisoff 72 LTSRJAM-TSR155(b)0
167924203146ʔnoŋback / behind / after*Lolo-Burmese426.1Lolo-Burmese1Matisoff 72 LTSRJAM-TSR155(c)0
38534203,1243201nuŋ⁵⁵ tɛ⁵⁵back (side)Achang (Lianghe)446.1.1Burmish1Dai 85 AcJZJZ-Achang0
182631203200n̥oŋ⁵⁵back (direction)Achang (Longchuan)446.1.1Burmish1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC52.410
38387203,s204n̥oŋ⁵⁵ pa³¹back (side)Achang (Longchuan)446.1.1Burmish1Dai 85 AcJZJZ-Achang0
381713203,s1824n̥oŋ⁵⁵pa³¹backn/advAchang (Longchuan)446.1.1Burmish1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL0713.280
38670203,m207nɔŋ³¹ pjɛ³¹back (side)Achang (Luxi)446.1.1Burmish1Dai 85 AcJZJZ-Achang0
17507m,203209cʰi³¹ n̥oŋ⁵⁵backAchang (Xiandao)446.1.1Burmish1Dai 89 XianDQ-Xiandao10260
1826562031428nɑuʔ⁴⁴back (direction)Burmese (Spoken Rangoon)446.1.1Burmish1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC52.400
71168p,203409a◦hnaúŋback (of knife)Burmese (Written)446.1.1Burmish1Benedict 72 STCSTC3540
71167p,203409a◦hnaùŋcoming after, lastBurmese (Written)446.1.1Burmish1Benedict 72 STCSTC3540
168549203409hnaùŋafter, backvs.Burmese (Written)446.1.1Burmish1Benedict 72 STCSTC3540
116600335,m,203396khre phə◦hnoŋʼheelBurmese (Written)446.1.1Burmish1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
438509203406noŋ-backward and forwardBurmese (Written)446.1.1Burmish1Benedict 76 WBurPKB-WBRD0
182630203411nɔkback (direction)Burmese (Written)446.1.1Burmish1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC52.390
172057m,203392pha◦noṅ:heelBurmese (Written)446.1.1Burmish1Marrison 67 NagaGEM-CNL0
116601m,203,m,m396phə-hnoŋʼ phə-krâñheelBurmese (Written)446.1.1Burmish1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
116599m,203396phə◦hnoŋʼheelBurmese (Written)446.1.1Burmish1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
438514p,203406ə-hnoŋʼback of knife; head of punchBurmese (Written)446.1.1Burmish1Benedict 76 WBurPKB-WBRD0
15564695,203,219886lɔʔ³¹ nuŋ⁵⁵ khuŋ³³back of handLashi446.1.1Burmish1Dai 89 LashDQ-Lashi6.1.7.20
15430203,219886nuŋ⁵⁵ khuŋ³³backLashi446.1.1Burmish1Dai 89 LashDQ-Lashi1.40
15544203,219,232886nuŋ⁵⁵ khuŋ³³ jou³³backbone / spineLashi446.1.1Burmish1Dai 89 LashDQ-Lashi5.5.40
44060203,2191686nuŋ⁵¹ khuŋ⁵¹back (of body)Atsi [Zaiwa]446.1.1Burmish1Xu 84 ZaiwaJZ-Zaiwa0
193163203,2191693nuŋ⁵¹kuŋ⁵¹back (of body)Atsi [Zaiwa]446.1.1Burmish1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC258.420
15683m,203,m958kæ⁴⁴ ni⁵⁵ sɤ⁴⁴backLolopho456.1.2Loloish1Dai 89 LoloDQ-Lolopho1.40
15785m,203,m958kæ⁴⁴ ȵi⁵⁵ sɤ⁴⁴backLolopho456.1.2Loloish1Dai 89 LoloDQ-Lolopho5.50
43630203,m1656nɔ³³ bɔ⁵⁵back (side)Yi (Dafang)466.1.2.1Northern Loloish1Chen 85 YiJZJZ-Yi0
182647203,m1658nɔ³³bɔ⁵⁵back (direction)Yi (Dafang)466.1.2.1Northern Loloish1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC52.220
43905m,2031669ɣa³³ nɔ³³back (side)Yi (Xide)466.1.2.1Northern Loloish1Chen 85 YiJZJZ-Yi0
182621m,2031670ɣa³³nɔ³³back (direction)Yi (Xide)466.1.2.1Northern Loloish1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC52.210
47414203,m,223216no³³ ko³³ tɕi²²backAhi476.1.2.2Central Loloish1Luo 90LMZ-AhiQ5.50
47284203,m,s216no³³ ko³³⁀ɛ³³backAhi476.1.2.2Central Loloish1Luo 90LMZ-AhiQ1.40
47418203,232,m216nɯ̱³³ ɣɯ²¹ to²²backbone / spineAhi476.1.2.2Central Loloish1Luo 90LMZ-AhiQ5.5.40
182653p,203696a³³no³¹back (direction)Jinuo476.1.2.2Central Loloish1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC52.340
14321p,203698a⁴⁴ no³¹backJinuo (Baya/Banai)476.1.2.2Central Loloish1Dai 89 JinADQ-JinA10480
14190p,203698a⁴⁴ no³¹back (body)Jinuo (Baya/Banai)476.1.2.2Central Loloish1Dai 89 JinADQ-JinA1180
14557p,203697a⁴⁴ n̥u³¹backJinuo (Baka)476.1.2.2Central Loloish1Dai 89 JinBDQ-JinB10480
14479p,203697a⁴⁴ n̥u³¹back (body)Jinuo (Baka)476.1.2.2Central Loloish1Dai 89 JinBDQ-JinB1180
40976m,203700ɑ⁴⁴ n̥o⁴²back (side)Jinuo (Youle)476.1.2.2Central Loloish1Gai 86JZ-Jinuo0
2305672252,203851qhɔ²¹nɔ³⁵later (in time)Lahu (Black)476.1.2.2Central Loloish1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC992.330
1144472252,203832qhɔ̀ʔ-nɔ́backLahu (Black)476.1.2.2Central Loloish1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
337662252,203839qhɔ̀ʔ-nɔ́space behind / future time / afterLahu (Black)476.1.2.2Central Loloish1Matisoff 72 LTSRJAM-TSR155(b)0
1142402252,203,m832qhɔ̀ʔ-nɔ́-qhwèʔbackbone / spineLahu (Black)476.1.2.2Central Loloish1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
1187703361,p,2252,203832qɔ̄-ɔ̀-qhɔ̀ʔ-nɔ́napeLahu (Black)476.1.2.2Central Loloish1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
41473m,203850qʰɔʔ²¹ nɔ³⁵back (side)Lahu (Black)476.1.2.2Central Loloish1Chang 86JZ-Lahu0
41627m,203856qʰa⁵⁵ nɔʔ²¹back (side)Lahu (Yellow)476.1.2.2Central Loloish1Chang 86JZ-Lahu0
114449m,203,m925ká¹-ná¹-hku⁴backLisu476.1.2.2Central Loloish1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
41780m,203,m947kɑ⁵⁵ niɛ⁵⁵ (sɿ³³)back (side)Lisu (Nujiang)476.1.2.2Central Loloish1Xu 86 LisuJZ-Lisu0
182624m,203942kɑ⁵⁵nɛ⁵⁵back (direction)Lisu476.1.2.2Central Loloish1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC52.270
40494203,m629nɔ⁵⁵ xɔ³³back (side)Hani (Dazhai)486.1.2.3Southern Loloish1Li Yongsui 86 HaniJZ-Hani0
182626203,m510nɔ⁵⁵xɔ³³back (direction)Hani (Dazhai)486.1.2.3Southern Loloish1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC52.310
40354p,203628a³¹ nv̩̄³³back (side)Hani (Caiyuan)486.1.2.3Southern Loloish1Li Yongsui 86 HaniJZ-Hani0
40353m,203628ka³³ nv̩̄³³back (side)Hani (Caiyuan)486.1.2.3Southern Loloish1Li Yongsui 86 HaniJZ-Hani0
182651m,203,p,203418ka³³nv̱³³; a³¹nv̱³³back (direction)Hani (Caiyuan)486.1.2.3Southern Loloish1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC52.300
40653m,203630mɛ³¹ naŋ³¹back (side)Hani (Gelanghe)486.1.2.3Southern Loloish1Li Yongsui 86 HaniJZ-Hani0
40794m,203634nɔ³¹ nv̩⁵⁵back (side)Hani (Shuikui)486.1.2.3Southern Loloish1Li Yongsui 86 HaniJZ-Hani0
182652203,m,m1416nɔ³¹nv⁵⁵fɔ³³back (direction)Hani (Shuikui)486.1.2.3Southern Loloish1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC52.320
57836203,3340122ŋáŋ' dèŋ'loinssee 144*Karen507Karenic1Jones 61RBJ-KLS240
56403203,3340126ŋáŋ' dèŋ'loins*Karen (TP)507Karenic1Jones 61RBJ-KLS240
57956203,3340122ŋáŋ'◦dèŋ'loinssee 24*Karen507Karenic1Jones 61RBJ-KLS1440
57063203,3340126ŋáŋ'◦dèŋ'loins*Karen (TP)507Karenic1Jones 61RBJ-KLS1440
114179203,33401238nâŋ dèŋgroin / loinsPa-O507Karenic1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
114437203,13641238nâŋ◦ʔóŋbackPa-O507Karenic1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety0
56404203,33401242ŋâŋ dèŋloinsPa-O507Karenic1Jones 61RBJ-KLS240
57064203,33401242ŋâŋ◦deŋloinsPa-O507Karenic1Jones 61RBJ-KLS1440
57372203,13641242ŋâŋ◦ʔóŋback (body)Pa-O507Karenic1Jones 61RBJ-KLS3620
39073m,203316ɣɯ³³ no³³back (side)Bai (Jianchuan)518Bai1Xu 84 BaiJZ-Bai0

^ 1.
Kanauri regularly develops a cluster st‑ from the PTB sequence *sn‑, see HPTB:103. The ‑i‑ vocalism of Kanauri ṣṭiṅ is probably explicable in terms of the widespread TB variational pattern of *‑u‑ ⪤ ‑i‑, cf. HPTB:493-505.