1.0 The Body > 1.1 Body Parts > 1.1.4 Wake/Conscious/Alert

#145 PTB *g-r(y)ap STAND

Reconstructed mesoroots below:

Chinese character. PLB *ʔrap (LTSR #175); STC #246; GSR 694a-d , *gli̯əp.

Lepcha, Khaling, and several rGyalrong dialects have acquired the homorganic final nasal in this root.

rnanalysislgidreflexglossgfnlanguagegrpidgrpnogrpgeneticcitationsrcabbrsrcidrn
77513145168glyəpstand*Sino-Tibetan10Sino-Tibetan (previously published reconstructions)0Coblin 86WSC-SH1400
5158261452012g-r(y)ap|stand*Tibeto-Burman20.1Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)0Matisoff 03 HPTBJAM-HPTB6120
8141145175g-ryap|standv.*Tibeto-Burman20.1Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)0Weidert 87 TBToAW-TBT6630
72195145182g-ryap|stand*Tibeto-Burman20.1Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)0Benedict 72 STCSTC2460
31276145178g-|ryapstand*Tibeto-Burman20.1Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)0Matisoff 83 TILJAM-TIL400
60821145181g-|ryapstand*Tibeto-Burman20.1Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)0LaPolla 87RJL-DPTB1590
19919145174g-|ryɑpstand*Tibeto-Burman20.1Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)0Chou 72ACST694a-d0
283407145173ropstand up / get up*Tani51.1.1Tani1Sun J 93 HCSTJS-HCST3980
1743816286,145333dag-rapstand up / get upBengni731.1.1.1Western Tani1Sun J 93 HCSTJS-HCST0
1593316286,145334dak-rapstand upBengni731.1.1.1Western Tani1Sun J 93 TaniJS-Tani0
1745646664,145333hu-rapwake upBengni731.1.1.1Western Tani1Sun J 93 HCSTJS-HCST0
1607096664,145334hu-rapwake upviBengni731.1.1.1Western Tani1Sun J 93 TaniJS-Tani0
1607056664,145334huk(-rap)wake upBengni731.1.1.1Western Tani1Sun J 93 TaniJS-Tani0
174382145360ropstand up / get upBokar731.1.1.1Western Tani1Sun J 93 HCSTJS-HCST0
158138145365roprise (stand up)Bokar731.1.1.1Western Tani1Sun J 93 TaniJS-Tani0
159332145365ropstandvBokar731.1.1.1Western Tani1Sun J 93 TaniJS-Tani0
4327901451820ropstandv.Bokar731.1.1.1Western Tani1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL1784.240
60098145367ropstandBokar Lhoba731.1.1.1Western Tani1LaPolla 87RJL-DPTB1590
209003145368ropstandBokar Lhoba731.1.1.1Western Tani1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC569.510
491580m,1451979gə◦rəpget upvi.Galo731.1.1.1Western Tani1Rɨbaa,Post,et al. 09GLDC-GED0
452676664,145,s564u◦rep-namawakevGalo731.1.1.1Western Tani1Das Gupta 63 GalKDG-IGL0
21804p,1451078gɯ-rɯpstand, awake, ariseMiri, Hill731.1.1.1Western Tani1Simon 76 MiriIMS-HMLG0
326980m,1451792go◦rapariseNishing731.1.1.1Western Tani1Das Gupta 69 DafKDG-Daf0
468366286,145,m1444dag◦rap◦toStand upTagin731.1.1.1Western Tani1Das Gupta 83 TagKDG-Tag0
1743846286,1451251dag-rep rhyme!stand up / get upPadam [Abor]741.1.1.2Eastern Tani1Sun J 93 HCSTJS-HCST0
1593286286,145498dak-rastand (up)Damu741.1.1.2Eastern Tani1Sun J 93 TaniJS-Tani0
1607076664,145,m498jyː-rəp-ɟeʔwake upDamu741.1.1.2Eastern Tani1Sun J 93 TaniJS-Tani0
1743836286,1451079da-rop < dak-ropstand up / get upMishing [Miri]741.1.1.2Eastern Tani1Sun J 93 HCSTJS-HCST0
249827145790chapstandvKhoirao641.3.3Zeme Group1Marrison 67 NagaGEM-CNL0
249829145906chabstandvLiangmei641.3.3Zeme Group1Marrison 67 NagaGEM-CNL0
2498521451694sapstandvZeme641.3.3Zeme Group1Marrison 67 NagaGEM-CNL0
60092145554sapstandZeme641.3.3Zeme Group1LaPolla 87RJL-DPTB1590
70653145556sapstandZeme641.3.3Zeme Group1Benedict 72 STCSTC2460
2498341451137sapstandvMzieme641.3.3Zeme Group1Marrison 67 NagaGEM-CNL0
2498571451041lepstandvMeithei131.4Meithei1Marrison 67 NagaGEM-CNL0
706471451047lepstandMeithei131.4Meithei1Benedict 72 STCSTC2460
60088p,1451228tśə◦repstandOld Meithei131.4Meithei1LaPolla 87RJL-DPTB1590
70648p,1451229tśə◦repstandOld Meithei131.4Meithei1Benedict 72 STCSTC2460
60097p,1451067ar◦dźapstandMikir [Karbi]141.5Mikir [Karbi]1LaPolla 87RJL-DPTB1590
70652p,1451068ar◦džapstandMikir [Karbi]141.5Mikir [Karbi]1Benedict 72 STCSTC2460
249859p,1451062ar◦japstandvMikir [Karbi]141.5Mikir [Karbi]1Marrison 67 NagaGEM-CNL0
4736031451973chap-stand (be in standing position)vAtong821.7.1.3Koch1van Breugel 08 AtongSVB-GA0
79203145161gyapstandv.*Northern Naga121.7.2Northern Naga/Konyakian1French 83WTF-PNN5570
2498351451188chapstandvNocte841.7.2.1Tangsa-Nocte1Marrison 67 NagaGEM-CNL0
57741451187tšʌpstandv.Nocte841.7.2.1Tangsa-Nocte1Weidert 87 TBToAW-TBT6630
57751451488tšhʌpstandv.Tangsa841.7.2.1Tangsa-Nocte1Weidert 87 TBToAW-TBT6630
2498461451489chapstandvTangsa (Moshang)841.7.2.1Tangsa-Nocte1Marrison 67 NagaGEM-CNL0
600911451104tśapstandTangsa (Moshang)841.7.2.1Tangsa-Nocte1LaPolla 87RJL-DPTB1590
706511451106tśapstandTangsa (Moshang)841.7.2.1Tangsa-Nocte1Benedict 72 STCSTC2460
2498471451490chapstandvTangsa (Yogli)841.7.2.1Tangsa-Nocte1Marrison 67 NagaGEM-CNL0
31396145676tsápstandJingpho371.7.3.1Jingpho1Matisoff 74 TJLBJAM-TJLB3770
60090145684tsapstandJingpho371.7.3.1Jingpho1LaPolla 87RJL-DPTB1590
303646145685tsapstandJingpho371.7.3.1Jingpho1Benedict 72 STCSTC57n1860
334452145679tsa̱p⁵⁵standJingpho371.7.3.1Jingpho1Liu 84JZ-Jingpo0
4327851451814tsa̱p⁵⁵standv.Jingpho371.7.3.1Jingpho1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL1784.190
209001145690tsa̱p⁵⁵standJingpho371.7.3.1Jingpho1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC569.470
4517971451964caʔstandSak401.7.3.2Asakian1Huziwara 08 SakHK-Sak1110
60080145899hryamstandLepcha212.1.3Lepcha1LaPolla 87RJL-DPTB1590
70639145900hryămstand on tip of toe, riseLepcha212.1.3Lepcha1Benedict 72 STCSTC2460
269133145,m596rāq-mstandvGurung232.1.4Tamangish1Hale 73 CSDAH-CSDPN01.0690
64631145,m604raːq-mstandGurung (Ghachok)232.1.4Tamangish1Glover 72 GuVoSIL-Gur1.690
65789145,s604raːq◦baget up / standv.i.Gurung (Ghachok)232.1.4Tamangish1Glover 72 GuVoSIL-Gur0
66136145,s604raːq◦bastandv.i.Gurung (Ghachok)232.1.4Tamangish1Glover 72 GuVoSIL-Gur6.B.3.100
179182145,145,m600²raː-standGurung (Ghachok)232.1.4Tamangish1Mazaudon 94 TheseMM-Thesis8570
179187145600²raː-standGurung (Ghachok)232.1.4Tamangish1Mazaudon 94 TheseMM-Thesis8580
79924145,m,m999hrᴇː² rᴇ³ ʈo³standVManang (Gyaru)232.1.4Tamangish1Nagano 84 ManYN-Man1110
209731451002³r̥eː-standManang (Prakaa)232.1.4Tamangish1Hoshi 84HM-Prak03210
1792791451003¹hreː-standManang (Prakaa)232.1.4Tamangish1Mazaudon 94 TheseMM-Thesis8770
57721451468'rapstandv.Tamang (Bagmati)232.1.4Tamangish1Weidert 87 TBToAW-TBT6630
1791841451456²rapstand upTamang (Risiangku)232.1.4Tamangish1Mazaudon 94 TheseMM-Thesis8580
122980145,s1464'rap-pastandv.Tamang (Sahu)232.1.4Tamangish1Taylor 72 TmVoSIL-Sahu1.690
124421145,s1464'rap-pastand (itr)v.Tamang (Sahu)232.1.4Tamangish1Taylor 72 TmVoSIL-Sahu17.C.100
269134m,145,s1457the 'rāp◦pāstandvTamang (Sahu)232.1.4Tamangish1Hale 73 CSDAH-CSDPN01.0690
1791851451462²rapstandTamang (Sahu)232.1.4Tamangish1Mazaudon 94 TheseMM-Thesis8580
179186145,m1467rap-kjestandTamang (Taglung)232.1.4Tamangish1Mazaudon 94 TheseMM-Thesis8580
70649145521džapstandDhimal602.1.5Dhimal1Benedict 72 STCSTC2460
60089145520sźapstandDhimal602.1.5Dhimal1LaPolla 87RJL-DPTB1590
533371145,1452068ryap- ~ ryam-stand*Kiranti292.3Kiranti1Opgenort 11 TilungJRO-Tilung0
478477145,m1975yeb-estandAthpare (Rai)312.3.1Eastern Kiranti1Ebert 97 AthpareKE-GA0
4784761451975yep-standAthpare (Rai)312.3.1Eastern Kiranti1Ebert 97 AthpareKE-GA0
478478145,m1975yep◦mastandAthpare (Rai)312.3.1Eastern Kiranti1Ebert 97 AthpareKE-GA0
600831451994yebstandBalali312.3.1Eastern Kiranti1LaPolla 87RJL-DPTB1590
70642145758yebstandBalali312.3.1Eastern Kiranti1Benedict 72 STCSTC2460
75362145911jEp-stand, standingv.Limbu312.3.1Eastern Kiranti1Michailovsky 89 LmBM-Lim0
75365145911jEps-stand (sth. up)v.Limbu312.3.1Eastern Kiranti1Michailovsky 89 LmBM-Lim0
3437661451801epstand upBantawa762.3.2Southern Kiranti1Rai 85 BnDsNKR-Bant0
73396145,m,m547rep◦bok◦nɨkeep on standing <stand>Dumi772.3.3Central Kiranti1Driem 93 DumiSVD-Dum0
147978145,m,m547rep◦dzɨ◦nɨ<stand> remain standing, be standingDumi772.3.3Central Kiranti1Driem 93 DumiSVD-Dum0
73399145,m,m547rep◦mɨt◦nɨstand something upDumi772.3.3Central Kiranti1Driem 93 DumiSVD-Dum0
73400145,m547rep◦nɨstandDumi772.3.3Central Kiranti1Driem 93 DumiSVD-Dum0
269142145,m752'rem-nestandvKhaling772.3.3Central Kiranti1Hale 73 CSDAH-CSDPN01.0690
70641145,145757rep ⪤ rebstandKhaling772.3.3Central Kiranti1Benedict 72 STCSTC2460
60082145,1451993rep~rebstandKhaling772.3.3Central Kiranti1LaPolla 87RJL-DPTB1590
600841451359ripstandSampang772.3.3Central Kiranti1LaPolla 87RJL-DPTB1590
706431451360ripstandSampang772.3.3Central Kiranti1Benedict 72 STCSTC2460
60081145304rapstandBahing302.3.4Western Kiranti1LaPolla 87RJL-DPTB1590
70640145305rapstandBahing302.3.4Western Kiranti1Benedict 72 STCSTC2460
70644145648yep ⪤ ipstandHayu302.3.4Western Kiranti1Benedict 72 STCSTC2460
60085145647yep~ipstandHayu302.3.4Western Kiranti1LaPolla 87RJL-DPTB1590
208986145595jø³⁵standGuiqiong343.2Qiangic1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC569.170
4327821451811jə³⁵standv.Guiqiong343.2Qiangic1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL1784.160
422583m,1451810tə³³rə⁵³rise / stand upv.Muya343.2Qiangic1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL1567.150
432781m,1451810tə³³rə⁵³standv.Muya343.2Qiangic1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL1784.150
208985m,1451136tɯ⁵⁵rɯ⁵⁵standMuya [Minyak]343.2Qiangic1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC569.150
339041451315hẓistandQiang (ChiuTzuYing)343.2Qiangic1Matisoff 72 LTSRJAM-TSR1750
339021451315ristandQiang (ChiuTzuYing)343.2Qiangic1Matisoff 72 LTSRJAM-TSR1750
339031451315ẓistandQiang (ChiuTzuYing)343.2Qiangic1Matisoff 72 LTSRJAM-TSR1750
600941451322ʐi⁵⁵standQiang (Taoping)343.2Qiangic1LaPolla 87RJL-DPTB1590
2089831451323ʐi⁵⁵standQiang (Taoping)343.2Qiangic1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC569.90
422580m,1451807də rjɛrise / stand upv.Daofu353.3rGyalrongic1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL1567.120
4327781451807rjɛstandv.Daofu353.3rGyalrongic1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL1784.120
584704m,1452202ˆlo ʁvɛstandvNyagrong Minyag (Ganzi Xinlong)353.3rGyalrongic1Nagano 2013 rGyDBYN-RGLD05060
584703m,1452202ˊtə ʁvəstand up, risevNyagrong Minyag (Ganzi Xinlong)353.3rGyalrongic1Nagano 2013 rGyDBYN-RGLD05040
585276m,1452203tɕhə̌ râstand up, risevLavrung (Jinchuan Guaninqiao)353.3rGyalrongic1Nagano 2013 rGyDBYN-RGLD05040
5514401452130'roβjastand up, risevrGyalrong (Ganzi Danba Bawang)783.3.1rGyalrong1Nagano 2013 rGyDBYN-RGLD05040
555580m,1452140'ta◦rwasstand up, risevrGyalrong (Heishui Luhua)783.3.1rGyalrong1Nagano 2013 rGyDBYN-RGLD05040
555996m,1452141'to◦rwajsstand up, risevrGyalrong (Heishui Shashiduo)783.3.1rGyalrong1Nagano 2013 rGyDBYN-RGLD05040
563939m,1452158'tə◦ɫjaʔstand up, risevrGyalrong (Lixian Ganbao)783.3.1rGyalrong1Nagano 2013 rGyDBYN-RGLD05040
552270m,1452132da◦'rjənstand up, risevrGyalrong (Ganzi Danba Dandong)783.3.1rGyalrong1Nagano 2013 rGyDBYN-RGLD05040
209009p,1451340ka rjapstandrGyalrong783.3.1rGyalrong1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC569.120
564335m,1452159ka'◦rjep̚stand up, risevrGyalrong (Lixian Guergou)783.3.1rGyalrong1Nagano 2013 rGyDBYN-RGLD05040
564739m,1452160ka'◦rjep̚stand up, risevrGyalrong (Lixian Jiabi)783.3.1rGyalrong1Nagano 2013 rGyDBYN-RGLD05040
576598m,1452184ka-rjapstand up, risevrGyalrong (Maerkang Soman)783.3.1rGyalrong1Nagano 2013 rGyDBYN-RGLD05040
576599m,1452184ka-rjapstandvrGyalrong (Maerkang Soman)783.3.1rGyalrong1Nagano 2013 rGyDBYN-RGLD05060
586245m,1452166ka-rjɛstandvrGyalrong (Lixian Xuecheng Jiamizhai)783.3.1rGyalrong1Nagano 2013 rGyDBYN-RGLD05060
586244m,1452166ka-rwɛstand up, risevrGyalrong (Lixian Xuecheng Jiamizhai)783.3.1rGyalrong1Nagano 2013 rGyDBYN-RGLD05040
566392m,1452164ka³rja³stand up, risevrGyalrong (Lixian Xiameng Xiaogoucun)783.3.1rGyalrong1Nagano 2013 rGyDBYN-RGLD05040
565981m,1452163ka³rjep³stand up, risevrGyalrong (Lixian Shangmeng Rajipu)783.3.1rGyalrong1Nagano 2013 rGyDBYN-RGLD05040
574351m,m,m,1452178kaˈʴ◦cʲəp / ka◦ˈrwestand up, risevrGyalrong (Maerkang Jiamuzu Konglong)783.3.1rGyalrong1Nagano 2013 rGyDBYN-RGLD05040
578067m,1452186ka◦'rjapstand up, risevrGyalrong (Maerkang Zhuokeji Xisuo)783.3.1rGyalrong1Nagano 2013 rGyDBYN-RGLD05040
576004m,1452183ka◦'rjap̚stand up, risevrGyalrong (Maerkang Soman Seermi)783.3.1rGyalrong1Nagano 2013 rGyDBYN-RGLD05040
556818m,1452143ka◦'rjepstand up, risevrGyalrong (Hongyuan Rangkou Jiadang)783.3.1rGyalrong1Nagano 2013 rGyDBYN-RGLD05040
548164m,1452119ka◦'rotstand up, risevrGyalrong (Aba Rongan Menggucun)783.3.1rGyalrong1Nagano 2013 rGyDBYN-RGLD05040
572152m,1452174ka◦'ɾjap̚stand up, risevrGyalrong (Maerkang Dangba Geerda)783.3.1rGyalrong1Nagano 2013 rGyDBYN-RGLD05040
567623m,1452168ka◦'ɾɟap̚stand up, risevrGyalrong (Maerkang Benzhen Yingbolo)783.3.1rGyalrong1Nagano 2013 rGyDBYN-RGLD05040
607825m,1452170kǝ22 rʤaᵖ55stand up, risevrGyalrong (Maerkang Bola (B))783.3.1rGyalrong1Nagano 2013 rGyDBYN-RGLD05040
607826m,1452170kǝ22 rʤaᵖ55standvrGyalrong (Maerkang Bola (B))783.3.1rGyalrong1Nagano 2013 rGyDBYN-RGLD05060
569468m,1452169kə22 rɟʝap44stand up, risevrGyalrong (Maerkang Bola (A))783.3.1rGyalrong1Nagano 2013 rGyDBYN-RGLD05040
569469m,1452169kə22 rɟʝap44standvrGyalrong (Maerkang Bola (A))783.3.1rGyalrong1Nagano 2013 rGyDBYN-RGLD05060
548582m,1452120kə44rjɛt44stand up, risevrGyalrong (Baoxing Qiaoqi Leilecun Duoguozu)783.3.1rGyalrong1Nagano 2013 rGyDBYN-RGLD05040
563532m,1452157kə³rjap̚³¹stand up, risevrGyalrong (Jinchuan Wanlin Xilizhai)783.3.1rGyalrong1Nagano 2013 rGyDBYN-RGLD05040
560241m,1452149kə³rjep̚⁵³stand up, risevrGyalrong (Jinchuan Hedong)783.3.1rGyalrong1Nagano 2013 rGyDBYN-RGLD05040
582601m,1452197kə◦'rjɑp̚stand up, risevrGyalrong (Xiaojin Mupo)783.3.1rGyalrong1Nagano 2013 rGyDBYN-RGLD05040
583830m,1452200kə◦'rjɑp̚stand up, risevrGyalrong (Xiaojin Zhailong)783.3.1rGyalrong1Nagano 2013 rGyDBYN-RGLD05040
583011m,1452198kʊˈʳ◦jəp̚stand up, risevrGyalrong (Xiaojin Rilong)783.3.1rGyalrong1Nagano 2013 rGyDBYN-RGLD05040
422579m,1451806kɐ rwɐsrise / stand upv.rGyalrong (Maerkang)783.3.1rGyalrong1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL1567.110
432777p,1451806kɑ rjɑpstandv.rGyalrong (Maerkang)783.3.1rGyalrong1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL1784.110
567207m,1452167rɛ◦'ɟɛp̚stand up, risevrGyalrong (Maerkang Baiwan Muerji)783.3.1rGyalrong1Nagano 2013 rGyDBYN-RGLD05040
550597m,145,m2124ta3'rjep5sej1stand up, risevrGyalrong (Ganzi Danba Badi)783.3.1rGyalrong1Nagano 2013 rGyDBYN-RGLD05040
562309m,1452154tar'jep̚ȵistand up, risevrGyalrong (Jinchuan Maori Maori)783.3.1rGyalrong1Nagano 2013 rGyDBYN-RGLD05040
561896m,1452153ta³rjam⁵stand up, risevrGyalrong (Jinchuan Manai Genza)783.3.1rGyalrong1Nagano 2013 rGyDBYN-RGLD05040
557639m,1452145ta³rjap̚⁵stand up, risevrGyalrong (Jinchuan Cengda)783.3.1rGyalrong1Nagano 2013 rGyDBYN-RGLD05040
558042m,1452146ta³rjap̚⁵stand up, risevrGyalrong (Jinchuan Dusong)783.3.1rGyalrong1Nagano 2013 rGyDBYN-RGLD05040
561486m,1452152ta◦'rjap̚stand up, risevrGyalrong (Jinchuan Maerbang)783.3.1rGyalrong1Nagano 2013 rGyDBYN-RGLD05040
583421m,1452199ta◦'rjap̚stand up, risevrGyalrong (Xiaojin Xingge)783.3.1rGyalrong1Nagano 2013 rGyDBYN-RGLD05040
551030m,1452125ta◦'rjaʔp̚stand up, risevrGyalrong (Ganzi Danba Banshanmen)783.3.1rGyalrong1Nagano 2013 rGyDBYN-RGLD05040
554343m,1452137ta◦'rjestand up, risevrGyalrong (Ganzi Daofu Kongse Xiaoguoqiaocun)783.3.1rGyalrong1Nagano 2013 rGyDBYN-RGLD05040
549014m,1452121ta◦'rjemstand up, risevrGyalrong (Baoxing Qiaoqi Yuojie)783.3.1rGyalrong1Nagano 2013 rGyDBYN-RGLD05040
557230m,1452144ta◦'rjepstand up, risevrGyalrong (Hongyuan Shuajinsi Selong)783.3.1rGyalrong1Nagano 2013 rGyDBYN-RGLD05040
580528m,1452192ta◦'rjɑp̚stand up, risevrGyalrong (Xiaojin Bajiao)783.3.1rGyalrong1Nagano 2013 rGyDBYN-RGLD05040
581357m,1452194ta◦'rjɑp̚stand up, risevrGyalrong (Xiaojin Fubian)783.3.1rGyalrong1Nagano 2013 rGyDBYN-RGLD05040
560655m,1452150ta◦'rwasstand up, risevrGyalrong (Jinchuan Jimu Zhouchan)783.3.1rGyalrong1Nagano 2013 rGyDBYN-RGLD05040
561070m,1452151ta◦'rwasstand up, risevrGyalrong (Jinchuan Kalajiao)783.3.1rGyalrong1Nagano 2013 rGyDBYN-RGLD05040
562719m,1452155ta◦'tjeʔpstand up, risevrGyalrong (Jinchuan Sawajiao)783.3.1rGyalrong1Nagano 2013 rGyDBYN-RGLD05040
552689m,1452133ta◦ɹˈjinstand up, risevrGyalrong (Ganzi Danba Dasang)783.3.1rGyalrong1Nagano 2013 rGyDBYN-RGLD05040
565153m,1452161te◦'rjep̚stand up, risevrGyalrong (Lixian Miyalo)783.3.1rGyalrong1Nagano 2013 rGyDBYN-RGLD05040
565570m,1452162te◦'rjep̚stand up, risevrGyalrong (Lixian Putou)783.3.1rGyalrong1Nagano 2013 rGyDBYN-RGLD05040
581774m,1452195te◦'rjɑp̚stand up, risevrGyalrong (Xiaojin Hanniu)783.3.1rGyalrong1Nagano 2013 rGyDBYN-RGLD05040
582184m,1452196te◦'rjɑp̚stand up, risevrGyalrong (Xiaojin Jiesi)783.3.1rGyalrong1Nagano 2013 rGyDBYN-RGLD05040
538143m,1452104te◦'rotstand up, risevrGyalrong (Aba Kehe Shuiricun)783.3.1rGyalrong1Nagano 2013 rGyDBYN-RGLD05040
577651m,1452185to◦'rjap̚stand up, risevrGyalrong (Maerkang Songgang Zhibo)783.3.1rGyalrong1Nagano 2013 rGyDBYN-RGLD05040
555168m,1452139təra◦'rotstand up, risevrGyalrong (Ganzi Seda Geletuo Naoluocun)783.3.1rGyalrong1Nagano 2013 rGyDBYN-RGLD05040
579708m,1452190təra◦'rotstand up, risevrGyalrong (Rangtang Shili Erguowucun)783.3.1rGyalrong1Nagano 2013 rGyDBYN-RGLD05040
553521m,1452135tə◦'rjamstand up, risevrGyalrong (Ganzi Danba Taipingqiao)783.3.1rGyalrong1Nagano 2013 rGyDBYN-RGLD05040
566806m,1452165tə◦'rjap̚stand up, risevrGyalrong (Lixian Xinglong Kechun)783.3.1rGyalrong1Nagano 2013 rGyDBYN-RGLD05040
553932m,1452136tə◦'rjestand up, risevrGyalrong (Ganzi Daofu Jiasikong kharjiacun)783.3.1rGyalrong1Nagano 2013 rGyDBYN-RGLD05040
554759m,1452138tə◦'rjestand up, risevrGyalrong (Ganzi Daofu Xianshuizhen)783.3.1rGyalrong1Nagano 2013 rGyDBYN-RGLD05040
580943m,1452193tə◦'rjɑp̚stand up, risevrGyalrong (Xiaojin Dawei)783.3.1rGyalrong1Nagano 2013 rGyDBYN-RGLD05040
563126m,1452156tə◦ɾ'jəstand up, risevrGyalrong (Jinchuan Taiyanghe)783.3.1rGyalrong1Nagano 2013 rGyDBYN-RGLD05040
5585511452147ɑrjɛt̚stand up, risevrGyalrong (Jinchuan Erkai)783.3.1rGyalrong1Nagano 2013 rGyDBYN-RGLD05040
550182m,1452123ˆtə rwenstand up, risevrGyalrong (Ganzi Danba Badi Qiongshan)783.3.1rGyalrong1Nagano 2013 rGyDBYN-RGLD05040
549515m,1452122ˊkə rjestandvrGyalrong (Ganzi Danba Badi Munashan)783.3.1rGyalrong1Nagano 2013 rGyDBYN-RGLD05060
329676m,1451796ka rwesstandrGyalrong783.3.1rGyalrong1Nagano 97 GyQGyarong.Nag1350
600861451203ripstandAnong384Nungic1LaPolla 87RJL-DPTB1590
706451451205ripstandAnong384Nungic1Benedict 72 STCSTC2460
502843145,m,m1982rip [riʔ mɛ³³]rise/stand upRawang384Nungic1LaPolla 03RJL-Rawang13980
4225881451816ɹɛp⁵⁵rise / stand upv.Dulong384Nungic1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL1567.200
4327861451816ɹɛp⁵⁵standv.Dulong384Nungic1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL1784.200
60079m,145539pɯ³¹ rep⁵⁵standTrung [Dulong] (Dulonghe)384Nungic1LaPolla 87RJL-DPTB1590
5773145138hrapstandv.*Lolo-Burmese426.1Lolo-Burmese1Weidert 87 TBToAW-TBT6630
303642145149hrapstand*Lolo-Burmese426.1Lolo-Burmese1Benedict 72 STCSTC57n1860
5157451452011ʔ-|rapᴸstand*Lolo-Burmese426.1Lolo-Burmese1Matisoff 03 HPTBJAM-HPTB6090
5158251452011ʔ-|rapᴸstand*Lolo-Burmese426.1Lolo-Burmese1Matisoff 03 HPTBJAM-HPTB6120
148773145146ʔrapstandv*Lolo-Burmese426.1Lolo-Burmese1Matisoff 72 LTSRJAM-TSR1750
167954145146ʔrapstand*Lolo-Burmese426.1Lolo-Burmese1Matisoff 72 LTSRJAM-TSR1750
60095145206źap⁵⁵standAchang (Longchuan)446.1.1Burmish1LaPolla 87RJL-DPTB1590
4327941451824ʑap⁵⁵standv.Achang (Longchuan)446.1.1Burmish1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL1784.280
208998145200ʑap⁵⁵standAchang (Longchuan)446.1.1Burmish1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC569.410
287263145207liap³¹standAchang (Luxi)446.1.1Burmish1Dai 85 AcJZJZ-Achang0
60096145208liap³¹standAchang (Luxi)446.1.1Burmish1LaPolla 87RJL-DPTB1590
4327951451825jap⁵⁵standv.Achang (Xiandao)446.1.1Burmish1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL1784.290
4327981451829jɛʔ⁵⁵standv.Bola (Luxi)446.1.1Burmish1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL1784.320
163352145383rɑpstandv.Burmese (Modern)446.1.1Burmish1Luce 85GHL-PPBU.140
4327931451823jɑʔ⁴standv.Burmese (Rangoon)446.1.1Burmish1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL1784.270
2090231451428jɑʔ⁴⁴standBurmese (Spoken Rangoon)446.1.1Burmish1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC569.400
163350145386yaʔ²standv.Burmese (Spoken)446.1.1Burmish1Luce 85GHL-PPBU.140
249853145392rapstandvBurmese (Written)446.1.1Burmish1Marrison 67 NagaGEM-CNL0
31090145400rapstandBurmese (Written)446.1.1Burmish1Matisoff 83 TILJAM-TIL400
437948145406rapstand; stop, halt, remainBurmese (Written)446.1.1Burmish1Benedict 76 WBurPKB-WBRD0
60087145407rapstandBurmese (Written)446.1.1Burmish1LaPolla 87RJL-DPTB1590
70646145409rapstandBurmese (Written)446.1.1Burmish1Benedict 72 STCSTC2460
164804145393ryapstand / footv.Burmese (Written)446.1.1Burmish1Luce 85GHL-PPBW.1300
163351145393ryɑpstandv.Burmese (Written)446.1.1Burmish1Luce 85GHL-PPBU.140
208997145411rɑpstandBurmese (Written)446.1.1Burmish1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC569.390
4327921451822rɑp⁴standv.Burmese (Written)446.1.1Burmish1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL1784.260
163354145502yɑʔ²standv.Danu446.1.1Burmish1Luce 85GHL-PPBU.140
234280145,145653ʀéʔ, ʀéɪʔstandHpun (Northern)446.1.1Burmish1Henderson 86 HpunEJAH-Hpun0
163353145652ʀeʔ¹standv.Hpun (Metjo)446.1.1Burmish1Luce 85GHL-PPBU.140
4327971451828jɛʔ³¹standv.Langsu (Luxi)446.1.1Burmish1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL1784.310
163356145889yɑp²standv.Lashi (Lachhe')446.1.1Burmish1Luce 85GHL-PPBU.140
163357145889yɑp³standv.Lashi (Lachhe')446.1.1Burmish1Luce 85GHL-PPBU.140
4327991451830jaːp³¹standv.Leqi (Luxi)446.1.1Burmish1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL1784.330
4527631451965raiʔstandMarma446.1.1Burmish1Huziwara 08 SakHK-Sak1110
2089991451034jɛʔ³¹standMaru [Langsu]446.1.1Burmish1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC569.430
1488191451027yèʔstandMaru [Langsu]446.1.1Burmish1Matisoff 72 LTSRJAM-TSR1750
1634341451025yɛʔ²standv.Maru [Langsu]446.1.1Burmish1Luce 85GHL-PPBU.140
1633551451499yɑʔ¹standv.Taung-Yo446.1.1Burmish1Luce 85GHL-PPBU.140
4327961451827jap²¹standv.Atsi [Zaiwa]446.1.1Burmish1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL1784.300
2090241451693jap²¹standAtsi [Zaiwa]446.1.1Burmish1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC569.420
1488181451684yapstandAtsi [Zaiwa]446.1.1Burmish1Matisoff 72 LTSRJAM-TSR1750
600931451690yap³¹standAtsi [Zaiwa]446.1.1Burmish1LaPolla 87RJL-DPTB1590
1633581451681yɑp²standv.Atsi [Zaiwa]446.1.1Burmish1Luce 85GHL-PPBU.140
12085145152ʔ-ryapᴸ|stand up*Loloish456.1.2Loloish1Bradley 79 PLoDB-PLolo6870
3115581451790ʔrapᴸstandPNL456.1.2Loloish1Chen 86 CSCK-CS101.0
4328131451845xɯ⁵³standv.Gazhuo466.1.2.1Northern Loloish1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL1784.470
292499145879hỳqstandLalo466.1.2.1Northern Loloish1Björverud 94SB-Lalo0
3123701451781hy̱²standLalo466.1.2.1Northern Loloish1Chen 86 CSCK-CS101.0
3125731451782xɤ̱²standLipho466.1.2.1Northern Loloish1Chen 86 CSCK-CS101.0
33900145972ʔhɛn 55c|standLuquan466.1.2.1Northern Loloish1Matisoff 72 LTSRJAM-TSR1750
3127761451783he̱⁵⁵standNasu466.1.2.1Northern Loloish1Chen 86 CSCK-CS101.0
339011451152xɤn 34|standNasu466.1.2.1Northern Loloish1Matisoff 72 LTSRJAM-TSR1750
3129791451791hi¹³standNeisu466.1.2.1Northern Loloish1Chen 86 CSCK-CS101.0
3121671451163xɤ̱²standNesu466.1.2.1Northern Loloish1Chen 86 CSCK-CS101.0
3131821451785hi̱⁵⁵standNosu466.1.2.1Northern Loloish1Chen 86 CSCK-CS101.0
2090141451658hi¹³standYi (Dafang)466.1.2.1Northern Loloish1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC569.220
4611991451962hi⁵⁵stand upYi (Liangshan)466.1.2.1Northern Loloish1Ma 08 YiSIL-Nuosuindex0
2089901451662xo̱²¹standYi (Mile)466.1.2.1Northern Loloish1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC569.250
2090161451663hɯ̱²¹standYi (Mojiang)466.1.2.1Northern Loloish1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC569.260
4328031451834xə̱²¹standv.Yi (Nanhua)466.1.2.1Northern Loloish1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL1784.370
2089891451666hȳ²¹standYi (Nanjian)466.1.2.1Northern Loloish1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC569.230
4328021451833hy²¹standv.Yi (Weishan)466.1.2.1Northern Loloish1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL1784.360
4328041451835he̱⁵⁵standv.Yi (Wuding)466.1.2.1Northern Loloish1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL1784.380
4328011451832hi⁵⁵standv.Yi (Xide)466.1.2.1Northern Loloish1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL1784.350
2089881451670hi⁵⁵standYi (Xide)466.1.2.1Northern Loloish1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC569.210
33892145214xo 44s|standAhi476.1.2.2Central Loloish1Matisoff 72 LTSRJAM-TSR1750
3119641451780xo̱²standAhi476.1.2.2Central Loloish1Chen 86 CSCK-CS101.0
301225145700xe⁵⁵standJinuo (Youle)476.1.2.2Central Loloish1Gai 86JZ-Jinuo0
209020145696xɛ⁴⁴standJinuo476.1.2.2Central Loloish1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC569.340
4328101451842xɛ⁵⁵standv.Jinuo476.1.2.2Central Loloish1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL1784.440
432809145,m1841xu³⁵tɑ¹¹standv.Lahu (Lancang)476.1.2.2Central Loloish1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL1784.430
163438145848standv.Lahu (Black)476.1.2.2Central Loloish1Luce 85GHL-PPBU.140
31397145838standLahu (Black)476.1.2.2Central Loloish1Matisoff 74 TJLBJAM-TJLB3770
33890145839standLahu (Black)476.1.2.2Central Loloish1Matisoff 72 LTSRJAM-TSR1750
208994145851xu³⁵standLahu (Black)476.1.2.2Central Loloish1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC569.330
302474145856xu⁴standLahu (Yellow)476.1.2.2Central Loloish1Chang 86JZ-Lahu0
275699145946hẽʔ²¹standVLisu (Northern)476.1.2.2Central Loloish1Bradley 94 LisuDB-Lisu0
275700145,m946hẽʔ²¹ɲa³⁵stand on; standingLisu (Northern)476.1.2.2Central Loloish1Bradley 94 LisuDB-Lisu0
4328061451838he̱³¹standv.Lisu476.1.2.2Central Loloish1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL1784.400
208991145942he⁴¹standLisu476.1.2.2Central Loloish1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC569.270
33898145935hì c|standLisu476.1.2.2Central Loloish1Matisoff 72 LTSRJAM-TSR1750
275836145,m946hĩʔ²¹ti³⁵stand steadily; firmlyVLisu (Northern)476.1.2.2Central Loloish1Bradley 94 LisuDB-Lisu0
33896145932hʻi6standLisu476.1.2.2Central Loloish1Matisoff 72 LTSRJAM-TSR1750
163436145,m950hʼi⁶ (ta¹)standv.Lisu (Theng-yüeh)476.1.2.2Central Loloish1Luce 85GHL-PPBU.140
286446145,m943hʼi⁶ htsa²standv.Lisu (Central)476.1.2.2Central Loloish1Fraser 22JF-HLL0
286445145,m943hʼi⁶ ta¹standv.Lisu (Central)476.1.2.2Central Loloish1Fraser 22JF-HLL0
163435145949h̃iʔ⁶standv.Lisu (Putao)476.1.2.2Central Loloish1Luce 85GHL-PPBU.140
33897145933ɦi 11|standLisu476.1.2.2Central Loloish1Matisoff 72 LTSRJAM-TSR1750
338931451368hɤ 22s|standSani [Nyi]476.1.2.2Central Loloish1Matisoff 72 LTSRJAM-TSR1750
3117611451786hɤ²standSani [Nyi]476.1.2.2Central Loloish1Chen 86 CSCK-CS101.0
4328051451836hɤ²standv.Yi (Sani)476.1.2.2Central Loloish1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL1784.390
1320691451379hɤ̱²¹standviSani [Nyi]476.1.2.2Central Loloish1Wu 84YHJC-Sani0
1320681451379hɤ⁵⁵stand (causative)Sani [Nyi]476.1.2.2Central Loloish1Wu 84YHJC-Sani0
33891145234yaw LS|standAkha486.1.2.3Southern Loloish1Matisoff 72 LTSRJAM-TSR1750
33895145631šo 21c|standHani (Hu T’an)486.1.2.3Southern Loloish1Matisoff 72 LTSRJAM-TSR1750
33894145632xo 33|standHani (Kao Hua-Nien)486.1.2.3Southern Loloish1Matisoff 72 LTSRJAM-TSR1750
338991451635xo 33|standWoni486.1.2.3Southern Loloish1Matisoff 72 LTSRJAM-TSR1750
5234741452020xʌ̠⁴⁵stand (be standing)Azha756.1.2.4Southeastern Loloish1Pelkey 11 PhulaJP-CPL8880
523473145,m,m2020xʌ̠⁴⁵tɔ²²lɛ²²stand upAzha756.1.2.4Southeastern Loloish1Pelkey 11 PhulaJP-CPL8870
518708145,m,m2016xɛ̠³¹tɔ³³lɔ³³stand upPhola756.1.2.4Southeastern Loloish1Pelkey 11 PhulaJP-CPL8870
5187091452016xɨ̠³¹stand (be standing)Phola756.1.2.4Southeastern Loloish1Pelkey 11 PhulaJP-CPL8880
5172931451999hĩẽ˥stand upv.Laze (Xiangjiao)436.2Naxi1Michaud 06 NaLazeAM-NaLaze128850
5130361451998hĩ˧˥stand upv.Na (Yongning)436.2Naxi1Michaud 06 NaLazeAM-NaLaze10
4328111451843xy⁵⁵standv.Naxi436.2Naxi1Huang and Dai 92 TBLTBL1784.450
209017145908xy⁵⁵standNaxi (Lijiang)436.2Naxi1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC569.280
2089921451676xɪ̃¹³standNaxi (Yongning)436.2Naxi1Sun H 91 ZMYYZMYYC569.290

Chinese comparandum

立 OC *gli̯əp, GSR #694a-d ‘stand, set up’; B & S 2011: *k.rəp; Mand. .
位 OC *gi̯wɛd, GSR #539a ‘place of rank, position’; B & S 2011: *ɢʷrəp‑s {*[ɢ]ʷrəp‑s}; Mand. wèi.