STEDT Etymon #2322
3.0 Natural Objects, Plants, Foods > 3.2 Natural Objects > 3.2.5 Landforms and geographical features
#2322 PTB *kl(y)u(ŋ/k) VALLEY / RIVER |
This is an East / Southeast Asian areal word; cf. Siamese khlɔɔŋ, Old Mon kruŋ, Cham krauŋ. HPTB reconstructs two separate roots (*kluŋ ⪤ kluk and *klyoŋ), although it suggests that the two are related. We treat them here as co-allofamic.
Chinese kuk ~ gi̯uk ‘valley’ reflects the allofam with final stop.
It seems likely that this etymon is related to #1277 PTB *grawk RAVINE / VALLEY.
| rn | analysis | lgid | reflex | gloss | gfn | language | grpid | grpno | grp | genetic | citation | srcabbr | srcid | rn |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 515195 | 2322,2322 | 2012 | klu(ː)ŋ ⪤ k(l)uk | valley / river | *Tibeto-Burman | 2 | 0.1 | Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions) | 0 | Matisoff 03 HPTB | JAM-HPTB | 596 | 0 | |
| 20117 | 2322 | 174 | kluːŋ | river | *Tibeto-Burman | 2 | 0.1 | Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions) | 0 | Chou 72 | ACST | 1172v | 0 | |
| 72075 | 2322 | 182 | kluːŋ | river, valley | *Tibeto-Burman | 2 | 0.1 | Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions) | 0 | Benedict 72 STC | STC | 127 | 0 | |
| 515197 | 2322 | 2012 | klyoŋ | stream / river / valley | *Tibeto-Burman | 2 | 0.1 | Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions) | 0 | Matisoff 03 HPTB | JAM-HPTB | 596 | 0 | |
| 529071 | 2322 | 2031 | koŋ | river | *Tangkhulic | 66 | 1.3.4 | Tangkhulic | 1 | Mortensen 12 Tk | DRM-Tk | 644 | 0 | |
| 259587 | 2322 | 1471 | kong | river | Tangkhul | 66 | 1.3.4 | Tangkhulic | 1 | Marrison 67 Naga | GEM-CNL | 0 | ||
| 306360 | 2322 | 1470 | koŋ | river | Tangkhul | 66 | 1.3.4 | Tangkhulic | 1 | Bhat 69 TNV | Bhat-TNV | 95 | 0 | |
| 526284 | 2322 | 2027 | koŋ | river | Tangkhul (Northern) | 66 | 1.3.4 | Tangkhulic | 1 | Brown 37 Indo | BRO1837 | 0 | ||
| 526345 | 2322 | 2028 | koŋ | river | Tangkhul (Standard) | 66 | 1.3.4 | Tangkhulic | 1 | Brown 37 Indo | BRO1837 | 0 | ||
| 620883 | 2322 | 2024 | kõ | river | Tusom | 66 | 1.3.4 | Tangkhulic | 1 | Mortensen 12 Tk | DRM-Tk | Nature.090 | 0 | |
| 525804 | 2322 | 2025 | koŋ | river | Ukhrul | 66 | 1.3.4 | Tangkhulic | 1 | Mortensen 12 Tk | DRM-Tk | 0 | ||
| 526775 | 2322 | 2025 | koŋ | river | Ukhrul | 66 | 1.3.4 | Tangkhulic | 1 | Mortensen 12 Tk | DRM-Tk | 0 | ||
| 69999 | 2322 | 685 | kruŋ | valley, dale | Jingpho | 37 | 1.7.3.1 | Jingpho | 1 | Benedict 72 STC | STC | 127 | 0 | |
| 20118 | 2322 | 1561 | kluŋ | river | Tibetan (Written) | 24 | 2.1.2.1 | Tibetan | 1 | Chou 72 | ACST | 1172v | 0 | |
| 69998 | 2322 | 1578 | kluŋ | river, valley | Tibetan (Written) | 24 | 2.1.2.1 | Tibetan | 1 | Benedict 72 STC | STC | 127 | 0 | |
| 303440 | 2322 | 1578 | kluŋ | river | Tibetan (Written) | 24 | 2.1.2.1 | Tibetan | 1 | Benedict 72 STC | STC | 39n129 | 0 | |
| 346543 | 2322,m | 1804 | kluŋ ma | river | n | Tibetan (Written) | 24 | 2.1.2.1 | Tibetan | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 0030.01 | 0 |
| 6283 | 2322 | 1562 | ldźoŋs | large valley | Tibetan (Written) | 24 | 2.1.2.1 | Tibetan | 1 | Weidert 87 TBTo | AW-TBT | 742 | 0 | |
| 303444 | 2322 | 1578 | ldźoŋs | valley (large) | Tibetan (Written) | 24 | 2.1.2.1 | Tibetan | 1 | Benedict 72 STC | STC | 40n129 | 0 | |
| 260212 | 2322,s | 1564 | luṅ◦pa | valley | Tibetan (Written) | 24 | 2.1.2.1 | Tibetan | 1 | Marrison 67 Naga | GEM-CNL | 0 | ||
| 346236 | 2322,s | 1837 | loŋ wa | valley | n | Tibetan (Xiahe) | 24 | 2.1.2.1 | Tibetan | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 0025.04 | 0 |
| 6284 | 2322 | 892 | kyoŋ | river | Lepcha | 21 | 2.1.3 | Lepcha | 1 | Weidert 87 TBTo | AW-TBT | 742 | 0 | |
| 303442 | 2322 | 900 | kyoŋ | river | Lepcha | 21 | 2.1.3 | Lepcha | 1 | Benedict 72 STC | STC | 40n129 | 0 | |
| 346264 | 191,2322 | 1829 | lɔ̃³¹khauŋ³⁵ | valley | n | Bola (Luxi) | 44 | 6.1.1 | Burmish | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 0025.32 | 0 |
| 34472 | 2322 | 382 | khlon̊ | stream | Burmese (Inscriptional) | 44 | 6.1.1 | Burmish | 1 | Okell 71 | JO-PB | 0 | ||
| 133981 | 2322 | 394 | khloŋ | river | Burmese (Written) | 44 | 6.1.1 | Burmish | 1 | Hansson 89 AHKP | ILH-PL | 288 | 0 | |
| 30936 | 2322 | 400 | khyok | chasm, gulf | Burmese (Written) | 44 | 6.1.1 | Burmish | 1 | Matisoff 83 TIL | JAM-TIL | 77 | 0 | |
| 437376 | 2322 | 406 | khyok | ( prn. gyok ) chasm, gulf | Burmese (Written) | 44 | 6.1.1 | Burmish | 1 | Benedict 76 WBur | PKB-WBRD | 0 | ||
| 259594 | 2322 | 392 | khyoṅ: | river | Burmese (Written) | 44 | 6.1.1 | Burmish | 1 | Marrison 67 Naga | GEM-CNL | 0 | ||
| 34471 | 2322 | 404 | khyon̊: | stream | Burmese (Written) | 44 | 6.1.1 | Burmish | 1 | Okell 71 | JO-PB | 0 | ||
| 438441 | 2322 | 406 | khyôŋ | stream | Burmese (Written) | 44 | 6.1.1 | Burmish | 1 | Benedict 76 WBur | PKB-WBRD | 0 | ||
| 438440 | 2322 | 406 | khyoŋ | valley | Burmese (Written) | 44 | 6.1.1 | Burmish | 1 | Benedict 76 WBur | PKB-WBRD | 0 | ||
| 260203 | 2322 | 392 | khyuiṅ | valley | Burmese (Written) | 44 | 6.1.1 | Burmish | 1 | Marrison 67 Naga | GEM-CNL | 0 | ||
| 147502 | 2322 | 409 | khyuiŋ | concave; concave piece of ground, valley | Burmese (Written) | 44 | 6.1.1 | Burmish | 1 | Benedict 72 STC | STC | 127 | 0 | |
| 438639 | 2322 | 406 | khyuiŋʼ | concave; valley | Burmese (Written) | 44 | 6.1.1 | Burmish | 1 | Benedict 76 WBur | PKB-WBRD | 0 | ||
| 346263 | 191,2322 | 1828 | lɔ̃³⁵khauŋ²¹ | valley | n | Langsu (Luxi) | 44 | 6.1.1 | Burmish | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 0025.31 | 0 |
| 453111 | 2322 | 1965 | khyɔ́ŋ | river | Marma | 44 | 6.1.1 | Burmish | 1 | Huziwara 08 Sak | HK-Sak | 277 | 0 | |
| 34476 | 2322 | 1029 | kyaūng | stream | Maru [Langsu] | 44 | 6.1.1 | Burmish | 1 | Okell 71 | JO-PB | 0 | ||
| 34475 | 2322 | 1503 | hklòn | stream | Tavoyan | 44 | 6.1.1 | Burmish | 1 | Okell 71 | JO-PB | 0 | ||
| 346526 | 2322 | 1831 | khɹoŋ⁵⁵ | river | n | Nusu (Central) | 46 | 6.1.2.1 | Northern Loloish | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 0030.34 | 0 |
| 388098 | 2322 | 1831 | khɹoŋ⁵⁵ | classifier for river | clf | Nusu (Central) | 46 | 6.1.2.1 | Northern Loloish | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 0837.34 | 0 |
| 334869 | 2322,m | 1219 | khɹõ⁵⁵ɑ̃⁵⁵ | river | Nusu (Northern) | 46 | 6.1.2.1 | Northern Loloish | 1 | Sun J 86 Nusu | JZ-Nusu | 0 | ||
| 180899 | 2322,m | 1215 | khɹɔ̃⁵⁵ɑ̃³¹ | river | Nusu (Bijiang) | 46 | 6.1.2.1 | Northern Loloish | 1 | Sun H 91 ZMYY | ZMYYC | 18.45 | 0 | |
| 346536 | p,2322 | 1842 | a³³khrɔ⁴⁴ | river | n | Jinuo | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Huang and Dai 92 TBL | TBL | 0030.44 | 0 |
| 180919 | p,2322 | 696 | a³³khɹɔ³³ | river | Jinuo | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Sun H 91 ZMYY | ZMYYC | 18.34 | 0 | |
| 300710 | p,2322 | 700 | ɑ⁴⁴khɹɔ⁴⁴ | river | Jinuo (Youle) | 47 | 6.1.2.2 | Central Loloish | 1 | Gai 86 | JZ-Jinuo | 0 | ||
| 309655 | m,2322 | 1235 | thì khrɔ̀ŋ | river, stream, gorge | Pa-O | 50 | 7 | Karenic | 1 | Solnit 89 PaO | DBS-PaO | 0 | ||
| 307279 | m,2322,m | 1235 | thì khrɔ̀ŋ pháŋ | bank of river (2) | Pa-O | 50 | 7 | Karenic | 1 | Solnit 89 PaO | DBS-PaO | 0 | ||
| 309653 | m,2322,m | 1235 | thì khrɔ̀ŋ tàn | river | Pa-O | 50 | 7 | Karenic | 1 | Solnit 89 PaO | DBS-PaO | 0 | ||
| 610476 | 2322 | 2207 | 江 | (Yangzi) river | Chinese (Hanzi) | 52 | 9 | Sinitic | 1 | BaxterSagart 2011 | WHBLS-2011 | 1324 | 0 | |
| 610061 | 2322 | 2207 | 谷 | valley | Chinese (Hanzi) | 52 | 9 | Sinitic | 1 | BaxterSagart 2011 | WHBLS-2011 | 909 | 0 | |
| 613236 | 2322,2322,2322,2322 | 481 | kuk/kuk~gi̯uk/i̯wok | valley | Chinese (Old/Mid) | 53 | 9.0.1 | Old Chinese | 0 | Karlgren 57 GSR | GSR | 1202a-c | 0 | |
| 329120 | 2322 | 481 | kŭng/kɑ̊ng | river (Yangtze);river | Chinese (Old/Mid) | 53 | 9.0.1 | Old Chinese | 0 | Karlgren 57 GSR | GSR | 1172v | 0 | |
| 20579 | 2322 | 480 | kǔŋ/kəŋ | river | Chinese (Old/Mid) | 53 | 9.0.1 | Old Chinese | 0 | Chou 72 | ACST | 1172v | 0 | |
| 600325 | 2322 | 2210 | C.|qˤok | valley | Chinese (Old) | 53 | 9.0.1 | Old Chinese | 0 | BaxterSagart 2011 | WHBLS-2011 | 909 | 0 | |
| 295447 | 2322 | 471 | KHju/on | river | Chinese (Old) | 53 | 9.0.1 | Old Chinese | 0 | Baxter 92 | WHB-OC | 1126 | 0 | |
| 296211 | 2322 | 471 | krong | (Yangtze) river | Chinese (Old) | 53 | 9.0.1 | Old Chinese | 0 | Baxter 92 | WHB-OC | 1866 | 0 | |
| 294617 | 2322 | 471 | krong | Yangtze river | Chinese (Old) | 53 | 9.0.1 | Old Chinese | 0 | Baxter 92 | WHB-OC | 312 | 0 | |
| 600740 | 2322 | 2210 | kˤroŋ | (Yangzi) river | Chinese (Old) | 53 | 9.0.1 | Old Chinese | 0 | BaxterSagart 2011 | WHBLS-2011 | 1324 | 0 | |
| 596251 | 2322 | 2209 | kuwk | valley | Chinese (Middle) | 54 | 9.0.2 | Middle Chinese | 0 | BaxterSagart 2011 | WHBLS-2011 | 909 | 0 | |
| 592177 | 2322 | 2208 | gǔ | valley | Chinese (Mandarin) | 55 | 9.0.3 | Modern Chinese | 0 | BaxterSagart 2011 | WHBLS-2011 | 909 | 0 | |
| 592592 | 2322 | 2208 | jiāng | (Yangzi) river | Chinese (Mandarin) | 55 | 9.0.3 | Modern Chinese | 0 | BaxterSagart 2011 | WHBLS-2011 | 1324 | 0 |
谷 OC *kuk~gi̯uk, GSR #1202a-c ‘valley’; B & S 2011: *C.qˤok; Mand. gǔ.
江 OC *kŭng, GSR #1172v ‘(Yangtze) river’; B & S 2011: *kˤroŋ; Mand. jiāng.
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