1.0 The Body > 1.4 Torso > 1.4.8 Back

#207 PTB *m-k(y)un BACK / KIDNEY

This root is reconstructed as *m‑glun (HPTB 73, 125, 198), largely because of the voiced initial in the OC comparanda *d̑i̯ĕn and *di̯ən (GSR #368h ‘kidney’ and #450h-i ‘small of the back’). On the TB level, however, it now seems best to reconstruct it with a voiceless root initial.

formglossgfnlanguagesourcesrcidnotes
0.1 Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)
5149992072012m-glun kidney*Tibeto-Burman20.1Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)0Matisoff 03 HPTBJAM-HPTB590
1 NE Indian Areal Group
1.6 Mru
1172172071123kia kidneyMru151.6Mru1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety
1.7 Sal
1.7.3 Jingpho-Asakian
1.7.3.1 Jingpho
117191207671hkyun kidneyJingpho371.7.3.1Jingpho1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety
117219207, 60671hkyun sau fatty tissues around kidneyJingpho371.7.3.1Jingpho1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety
114185207, m, m671hkyun-tawng sham loin / sirloin (meat)Jingpho371.7.3.1Jingpho1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety
114278207, 237671khyun nra lumbar vertebraeJingpho371.7.3.1Jingpho1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety
117221207671n-hkyun kidneyJingpho371.7.3.1Jingpho1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety
30728207674n-khyun kidneyJingpho371.7.3.1Jingpho1Matisoff 78 MLBMJAM-MLBM67
144658207678n-khyun kidney / small of backJingpho371.7.3.1Jingpho1Matisoff 78 VSTBJAM-VSTB(1)
166045207669nkhyun kidneyJingpho371.7.3.1Jingpho1Marrison 67 NagaGEM-CNL
2 Himalayish
2.1 Tibeto-Kanauri
2.1.4 Tamangish
127649207, m, 232436kən nyaw lo backbone / spineChantyal232.1.4Tamangish1Noonan 92NPB-ChanQ5.5.4
211932071002¹kyʰe kidneyManang (Prakaa)232.1.4Tamangish1Hoshi 84HM-Prak0506
6 Lolo-Burmese-Naxi
6.1 Lolo-Burmese
6.1.1 Burmish
165050215, 207392kro kun: back (body)Burmese (Written)446.1.1Burmish1Marrison 67 NagaGEM-CNL
114446215, 207396kyok-kûn backBurmese (Written)446.1.1Burmish1Matisoff 87 BPJAM-Ety
6.1.2 Loloish
6.1.2.3 Southern Loloish
2362662071114ŋ⁴kjo⁵ kidneyMpi486.1.2.3Southern Loloish1Bradley 79 PLoDB-PLolo
307272071117ŋ⁴kjo⁵ kidneyMpi486.1.2.3Southern Loloish1Matisoff 78 MLBMJAM-MLBM67
9 Sinitic
6126422072207夤 small of the back, region of the reinsChinese (Hanzi)529Sinitic1BaxterSagart 2011WHBLS-20113490
6116162072207腎 kidneyChinese (Hanzi)529Sinitic1BaxterSagart 2011WHBLS-20112464
60595420722110368h kidneyChinese (GSR #)529Sinitic1BaxterSagart 2011WHBLS-20112464
60698020722110450h small of the back, region of the reinsChinese (GSR #)529Sinitic1BaxterSagart 2011WHBLS-20113490
9.0.1 Old Chinese
169411207, 207481di̯ən/i̯ĕn small of the back, region of the reinsChinese (Old/Mid)539.0.1Old Chinese0Karlgren 57 GSRGSR450h-i
20287207, 207480d̑i̯ĕn/źi̯ĕn kidneyChinese (Old/Mid)539.0.1Old Chinese0Chou 72ACST368h
169376207, 207481d̑i̯ĕn/źi̯ĕn: kidneyChinese (Old/Mid)539.0.1Old Chinese0Karlgren 57 GSRGSR368h
6018802072210ginʔ {[g]i[n]ʔ} kidneyChinese (Old)539.0.1Old Chinese0BaxterSagart 2011WHBLS-20112464
294657207471gjinʔ kidneyChinese (Old)539.0.1Old Chinese0Baxter 92WHB-OC349
6029062072210ɢər {[ɢ[(r)ə[r]} small of the back, region of the reinsChinese (Old)539.0.1Old Chinese0BaxterSagart 2011WHBLS-20113490
9.0.2 Middle Chinese
5978062072209dzyinX kidneyChinese (Middle)549.0.2Middle Chinese0BaxterSagart 2011WHBLS-20112464
5988322072209yin small of the back, region of the reinsChinese (Middle)549.0.2Middle Chinese0BaxterSagart 2011WHBLS-20113490
9.0.3 Modern Chinese
37024207, m1011shehn tzahng kidneyChinese (Mandarin)559.0.3Modern Chinese0Sun J 85 ChGlJS-Ch412
1698722071007shen kidneyChinese (Mandarin)559.0.3Modern Chinese0Karlgren 57 GSRGSR368h
5937322072208shèn kidneyChinese (Mandarin)559.0.3Modern Chinese0BaxterSagart 2011WHBLS-20112464
1699072071007yin small of the back, region of the reinsChinese (Mandarin)559.0.3Modern Chinese0Karlgren 57 GSRGSR450h-i
5947582072208yín small of the back, region of the reinsChinese (Mandarin)559.0.3Modern Chinese0BaxterSagart 2011WHBLS-20113490

Chinese comparandum

腎 OC *d̑i̯ĕn, GSR #368h ‘kidney’; B & S 2011: *ginʔ {(g)i(n)ʔ}; Mand. shèn.
夤 OC *di̯ĕn, GSR #450h-i ‘small of the back, region of the reins’; B & S 2011: *ɢər {ɢ(r)ə(r)}; Mand. yín.